Catalog > NOAA RRFS ENS forecast, virtual > Validation report

NOAA RRFS ENS forecast, virtual validation report

This dataset validation report plots a sample of values from the NOAA RRFS ENS forecast, virtual dataset over time and across space, comparing where possible to a previously validated reference dataset. It also reports the quantity of unavailable values and their associated timestamps. These analyses are one layer of a multi-layered dataset validation process we perform at dynamical.org and also provide users a preview of the dataset contents.

Report generation start time: 2026-10-11T15:25:03 UTC

Summary

This dataset has been validated and is ready for experimental use. NOAA RRFS/REFS is pre-operational and under development, so expect some changes to model output. Some ensemble members and lead times are unavailable for forecasts from September 14 to 15, 2026.

What looks good

Maps align with coastlines and terrain.
Temperature, humidity, winds and precipitation show coherent weather patterns.
Daily solar-radiation cycles follow local daylight.

Review notes

Some forecasts are incomplete from September 14 at 18:00 UTC through September 15 at 06:00 UTC, 2026. Missing source files leave gaps at particular ensemble members and lead times. See the affected initializations.

Datasets

Role	Name	ID	Version	URL
Validation	NOAA RRFS ENS forecast, virtual	`noaa-rrfs-ens-forecast-virtual`	`v0.1.0`	`s3://dynamical-noaa-rrfs-ens/noaa-rrfs-ens-forecast-virtual/v0.1.0.icechunk`
Reference	NOAA GEFS analysis	`noaa-gefs-analysis`	`0.1.2`	`s3://dynamical-noaa-gefs/noaa-gefs-analysis/v0.1.2.icechunk/`

Run parameters

Parameter	Value
Validation dataset type	forecast
Validation time range	init_time 2026-09-10T00:00 → 2026-10-09T18:00
Reference time range	time 2000-01-01T00:00 → 2026-10-11T06:00
Point 1	lat=39.1089, lon=-94.5851
Point 2	lat=33.7598, lon=-84.3952
Ensemble member	1
Spatial comparison time	init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference at 2026-10-08T12:00)
Timeseries period	init=2026-10-05T00:00
Vertical level	middle level per vertical dim
Store type	virtual — availability manifest-probed; value series sampled

Availability

The plot below shows the availability of each variable over time — light red marks unavailable data, dark green marks present data.

availability heatmap

Every variable has a representative reference at every initialization. This does not mean every member and lead time is present; the initializations with missing source files are listed below.

Unavailable timestamps: unavailable_timestamps.txt

Decode health

35123 references decoded successfully, sampled across 20 of 120 append-dim regions, 5 leads and up to 3 present levels per group variable.

Per-variable details

`categorical_freezing_rain_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Categorical freezing rain
short_name	cfrzr
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
flag_values	`0, 1`
flag_meanings	no yes
comment	0=no; 1=yes

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0	0
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference at 2026-10-08T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0	0
Reference	0	0	0

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P1 Reference	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Reference	0	0	0

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

categorical_freezing_rain_surface — full-period value time series

categorical_freezing_rain_surface — spatial comparison

categorical_freezing_rain_surface — time series comparison

categorical_freezing_rain_surface — availability over append dim

`categorical_ice_pellets_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Categorical ice pellets
short_name	cicep
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
flag_values	`0, 1`
flag_meanings	no yes
comment	0=no; 1=yes

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0	0
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference at 2026-10-08T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	7.873e-06	1
Reference	0	0	0

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P1 Reference	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Reference	0	0	0

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

categorical_ice_pellets_surface — full-period value time series

categorical_ice_pellets_surface — spatial comparison

categorical_ice_pellets_surface — time series comparison

categorical_ice_pellets_surface — availability over append dim

`categorical_rain_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Categorical rain
short_name	crain
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
flag_values	`0, 1`
flag_meanings	no yes
comment	0=no; 1=yes

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.2917	1
P2	0	0.2083	1

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference at 2026-10-08T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.09937	1
Reference	0	0.2585	1

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0
P1 Reference	0	0
P2 Validation	0.03279	1
P2 Reference	0.2381	1

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

categorical_rain_surface — full-period value time series

categorical_rain_surface — spatial comparison

categorical_rain_surface — time series comparison

categorical_rain_surface — availability over append dim

`categorical_snow_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Categorical snow
short_name	csnow
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
flag_values	`0, 1`
flag_meanings	no yes
comment	0=no; 1=yes

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0	0
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference at 2026-10-08T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	3.202e-05	1
Reference	0	0.002329	1

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P1 Reference	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Reference	0	0	0

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

categorical_snow_surface — full-period value time series

categorical_snow_surface — spatial comparison

categorical_snow_surface — time series comparison

categorical_snow_surface — availability over append dim

`cloud_ceiling_height`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Ceiling
short_name	ceil
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	Height above mean sea level, not above ground. NaN where no cloud ceiling was detected.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	356	4031	1.33e+04
P2	400	5085	1.244e+04

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	28	5976	1.741e+04

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a
P2 Validation	1260	6080	9343

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

cloud_ceiling_height — full-period value time series

cloud_ceiling_height — spatial comparison

cloud_ceiling_height — time series comparison

cloud_ceiling_height — availability over append dim

`composite_reflectivity`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`dBZ`
long_name	Maximum/Composite radar reflectivity
short_name	refc
standard_name	equivalent_reflectivity_factor
step_type	instant
comment	No echo is stored as -20 dBZ in the deterministic run and some ensemble members, and as 0 dBZ in other members. A value of 0 dBZ can also be valid reflectivity.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-20	-10.64	33.69
P2	-20	-15.86	23.92

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-20	-15.46	71.8

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-20	-20	-20
P2 Validation	-20	-12.4	20.65

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

composite_reflectivity — full-period value time series

composite_reflectivity — spatial comparison

composite_reflectivity — time series comparison

composite_reflectivity — availability over append dim

`convective_available_potential_energy_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`J kg-1`
long_name	Convective available potential energy
short_name	cape
standard_name	atmosphere_convective_available_potential_energy
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	455.9	4550
P2	0	468.4	2667

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	203.2	3954

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	133.6	889

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

convective_available_potential_energy_surface — full-period value time series

convective_available_potential_energy_surface — spatial comparison

convective_available_potential_energy_surface — time series comparison

convective_available_potential_energy_surface — availability over append dim

`convective_inhibition_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`J kg-1`
long_name	Convective inhibition
short_name	cin
standard_name	atmosphere_convective_inhibition
step_type	instant
comment	Negative where there is inhibition and at or near zero where there is none.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-487	-65.41	0
P2	-278	-32.67	0

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-757	-18.7	0

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	-226	-16.9	0

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

convective_inhibition_surface — full-period value time series

convective_inhibition_surface — spatial comparison

convective_inhibition_surface — time series comparison

convective_inhibition_surface — availability over append dim

`dew_point_temperature_2m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	2 metre dewpoint temperature
short_name	2d
standard_name	dew_point_temperature
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	6.73	17.1	26
P2	8.43	17.9	23.84

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-15.07	11.58	27.01

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	5.61	9.527	12.09
P2 Validation	9.58	16.33	20.89

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

dew_point_temperature_2m — full-period value time series

dew_point_temperature_2m — spatial comparison

dew_point_temperature_2m — time series comparison

dew_point_temperature_2m — availability over append dim

`downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Surface downward short-wave radiation flux
short_name	sdswrf
standard_name	surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding hour.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	171.4	850
P2	0	213.7	850

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference at 2026-10-08T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	12.02	163
Reference	0	3.639	61.25

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	mean	max
P1 Validation	174.3	760
P1 Reference	183.4	672
P2 Validation	175	820
P2 Reference	158.9	660

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — full-period value time series

downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — spatial comparison

downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — time series comparison

downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — availability over append dim

`echo_top`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Echo top
short_name	retop
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where no radar echo was detected.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	1284	5437	7922
P2	9731	9731	9731

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	9.2	4583	1.746e+04

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a
P2 Validation	5272	5272	5272

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

echo_top — full-period value time series

`freezing_rain_run_total_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2`
long_name	Freezing Rain
short_name	frzr
standard_name	n/a
step_type	accum
comment	Accumulated from the forecast initialization time to this step.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0	0
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	4.661e-06	0.5838

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0	0

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

freezing_rain_run_total_surface — full-period value time series

freezing_rain_run_total_surface — spatial comparison

freezing_rain_run_total_surface — time series comparison

freezing_rain_run_total_surface — availability over append dim

`freezing_rain_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2`
long_name	Freezing Rain
short_name	frzr
standard_name	n/a
step_type	accum
comment	Accumulated over the preceding hour.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0	0
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0	0

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0	0

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

freezing_rain_surface — full-period value time series

freezing_rain_surface — spatial comparison

freezing_rain_surface — time series comparison

freezing_rain_surface — availability over append dim

`geopotential_height_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	245.8	245.8	245.8
P2	303.4	303.4	303.4

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-1.741e-17	476.8	3829

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	245.8	245.8	245.8
P2 Validation	303.4	303.4	303.4

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

geopotential_height_surface — full-period value time series

geopotential_height_surface — spatial comparison

geopotential_height_surface — time series comparison

geopotential_height_surface — availability over append dim

`high_cloud_cover`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	High cloud cover
short_name	hcc
standard_name	cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	20.71	100
P2	0	15.48	100

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	19.62	100

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	25.52	100

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

high_cloud_cover — full-period value time series

high_cloud_cover — time series comparison

high_cloud_cover — availability over append dim

`instantaneous_downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Surface downward short-wave radiation flux
short_name	sdswrf
standard_name	surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	183.8	833
P2	0	226.3	828

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	26.58	243.4

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	171.5	763
P2 Validation	0	176	814

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

instantaneous_downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — full-period value time series

instantaneous_downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — spatial comparison

instantaneous_downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — time series comparison

instantaneous_downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — availability over append dim

`instantaneous_total_cloud_cover_atmosphere`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Total cloud cover
short_name	tcc
standard_name	cloud_area_fraction
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	35.1	100
P2	0	24.87	100

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	29.62	100

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	1	38.46	100

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

instantaneous_total_cloud_cover_atmosphere — full-period value time series

instantaneous_total_cloud_cover_atmosphere — spatial comparison

instantaneous_total_cloud_cover_atmosphere — time series comparison

instantaneous_total_cloud_cover_atmosphere — availability over append dim

`low_cloud_cover`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Low cloud cover
short_name	lcc
standard_name	cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	19.46	100
P2	0	12.18	100

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	11.59	100

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	10.49	70

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

low_cloud_cover — full-period value time series

low_cloud_cover — time series comparison

low_cloud_cover — availability over append dim

`maximum_downward_vertical_velocity_100_1000mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	Maximum downward vertical velocity
short_name	maxdvv
standard_name	n/a
step_type	max
comment	In the 100-1000 hPa isobaric layer. Maximum value over the preceding hour.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-3.727	-0.3272	-0.03504
P2	-2.979	-0.2699	-0.05419

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-9.362	-0.1916	0.01288

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.3497	-0.08825	0.007538
P2 Validation	-0.4747	-0.1716	0.0004768

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

maximum_downward_vertical_velocity_100_1000mb — full-period value time series

maximum_downward_vertical_velocity_100_1000mb — spatial comparison

maximum_downward_vertical_velocity_100_1000mb — time series comparison

maximum_downward_vertical_velocity_100_1000mb — availability over append dim

`maximum_lightning_atmosphere`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Lightning
short_name	ltng
standard_name	n/a
step_type	max
comment	Maximum value over the preceding hour.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.002167	0.07
P2	0	0.00025	0.03

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.002085	32.42

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0	0

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

maximum_lightning_atmosphere — full-period value time series

maximum_lightning_atmosphere — spatial comparison

maximum_lightning_atmosphere — time series comparison

maximum_lightning_atmosphere — availability over append dim

`maximum_relative_humidity_2m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Time-maximum 2 metre relative humidity
short_name	max_2r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	max
comment	Maximum value over the preceding hour.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	39.9	83.13	100.1
P2	34.4	79.32	100

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	13.64	77.66	99.89

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	29.06	62.57	83.86
P2 Validation	69.35	85.95	99.47

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

maximum_relative_humidity_2m — full-period value time series

maximum_relative_humidity_2m — spatial comparison

maximum_relative_humidity_2m — time series comparison

maximum_relative_humidity_2m — availability over append dim

`maximum_updraft_helicity_3000_0m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m2 s-2`
long_name	Updraft Helicity
short_name	uphl
standard_name	n/a
step_type	max
comment	Maximum value over the preceding hour.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.01458	0.75
P2	0	0.003125	0.25

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.01553	77.62

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0	0

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

maximum_updraft_helicity_3000_0m — full-period value time series

maximum_updraft_helicity_3000_0m — spatial comparison

maximum_updraft_helicity_3000_0m — time series comparison

maximum_updraft_helicity_3000_0m — availability over append dim

`maximum_updraft_helicity_5000_2000m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m2 s-2`
long_name	Updraft Helicity
short_name	uphl
standard_name	n/a
step_type	max
comment	Maximum value over the preceding hour.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.02083	1.25
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.02916	121

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0	0

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

maximum_updraft_helicity_5000_2000m — full-period value time series

maximum_updraft_helicity_5000_2000m — spatial comparison

maximum_updraft_helicity_5000_2000m — time series comparison

maximum_updraft_helicity_5000_2000m — availability over append dim

`maximum_upward_vertical_velocity_100_1000mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	Maximum upward vertical velocity
short_name	maxuvv
standard_name	upward_air_velocity
step_type	max
comment	In the 100-1000 hPa isobaric layer. Maximum value over the preceding hour.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.0624	0.4083	5.617
P2	0.08025	0.3406	2.113

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-0.02405	0.2115	36.98

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.02759	0.09991	0.3079
P2 Validation	0.01597	0.1874	0.5187

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

maximum_upward_vertical_velocity_100_1000mb — full-period value time series

maximum_upward_vertical_velocity_100_1000mb — spatial comparison

maximum_upward_vertical_velocity_100_1000mb — time series comparison

maximum_upward_vertical_velocity_100_1000mb — availability over append dim

`maximum_wind_speed_10m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	Time-maximum 10 metre wind speed
short_name	max_10si
standard_name	wind_speed
step_type	max
comment	Maximum value over the preceding hour.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.7718	2.805	6.866
P2	0.7489	2.298	5.584

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.1498	4.26	27.84

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.08	2.199	4.23
P2 Validation	1.497	3.181	5.08

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

maximum_wind_speed_10m — full-period value time series

maximum_wind_speed_10m — spatial comparison

maximum_wind_speed_10m — time series comparison

maximum_wind_speed_10m — availability over append dim

`medium_cloud_cover`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Medium cloud cover
short_name	mcc
standard_name	cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	19.35	100
P2	0	10.69	100

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	13.71	100

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	1	33.25	100

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

medium_cloud_cover — full-period value time series

medium_cloud_cover — time series comparison

medium_cloud_cover — availability over append dim

`minimum_relative_humidity_2m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Time-minimum 2 metre relative humidity
short_name	min_2r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	min
comment	Minimum value over the preceding hour.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	37.78	79.59	99.52
P2	30.66	74.24	99.81

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	12.79	75.54	100

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	28.03	58.59	82.23
P2 Validation	67.49	83.18	97.43

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

minimum_relative_humidity_2m — full-period value time series

minimum_relative_humidity_2m — spatial comparison

minimum_relative_humidity_2m — time series comparison

minimum_relative_humidity_2m — availability over append dim

`minimum_updraft_helicity_3000_0m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m2 s-2`
long_name	Minimum updraft helicity
short_name	mnuphl
standard_name	n/a
step_type	min
comment	Minimum value over the preceding hour.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-1.032	-0.01288	0.06189
P2	-0.09068	-0.0003796	0.06189

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-41.92	-0.04951	-0.04251

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.06102	-0.002564	0.06026
P2 Validation	-0.08579	-0.00673	0.06026

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

minimum_updraft_helicity_3000_0m — full-period value time series

minimum_updraft_helicity_3000_0m — spatial comparison

minimum_updraft_helicity_3000_0m — time series comparison

minimum_updraft_helicity_3000_0m — availability over append dim

`minimum_updraft_helicity_5000_2000m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m2 s-2`
long_name	Minimum updraft helicity
short_name	mnuphl
standard_name	n/a
step_type	min
comment	Minimum value over the preceding hour.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-1.867	-0.0276	0.06079
P2	-0.1521	-0.005721	0.06079

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-104.8	0.02906	0.0537

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.06139	-0.006987	0.06192
P2 Validation	-0.06139	-0.006987	0.06192

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

minimum_updraft_helicity_5000_2000m — full-period value time series

minimum_updraft_helicity_5000_2000m — spatial comparison

minimum_updraft_helicity_5000_2000m — time series comparison

minimum_updraft_helicity_5000_2000m — availability over append dim

`percent_frozen_precipitation_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Percent frozen precipitation
short_name	cpofp
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where precipitation is absent or too light to diagnose a frozen fraction.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0	0
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference at 2026-10-08T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	1.659	76.9
Reference	-50	-42.53	100

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a
P1 Reference	-50	-50	-50
P2 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Reference	-50	-46.24	-13.81

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

percent_frozen_precipitation_surface — full-period value time series

percent_frozen_precipitation_surface — spatial comparison

percent_frozen_precipitation_surface — time series comparison

percent_frozen_precipitation_surface — availability over append dim

`precipitable_water_atmosphere`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2`
long_name	Precipitable water
short_name	pwat
standard_name	atmosphere_mass_content_of_water_vapor
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	10.6	34.07	58.1
P2	10.5	31.58	51.8

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference at 2026-10-08T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	2.9	23.38	75.2
Reference	3.906	24.8	77

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	8.5	14.12	24.6
P1 Reference	9.625	14.8	21.88
P2 Validation	10.8	26.27	46.9
P2 Reference	12.38	26.53	50.5

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

precipitable_water_atmosphere — full-period value time series

precipitable_water_atmosphere — spatial comparison

precipitable_water_atmosphere — time series comparison

precipitable_water_atmosphere — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/absolute_vorticity` [pressure_level=800]

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`s-1`
long_name	Absolute vorticity
short_name	absv
standard_name	atmosphere_upward_absolute_vorticity
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=800

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0, pressure_level=800

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.000193	8.015e-05	0.00043
P2	-0.00016	7.403e-05	0.00035

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-0.00289	8.507e-05	0.0048

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	2.3e-05	7.511e-05	0.000196
P2 Validation	-8.6e-05	6.87e-05	0.000932

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

`pressure_level/dew_point_temperature` [pressure_level=800]

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Dew point temperature
short_name	dpt
standard_name	dew_point_temperature
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=800

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0, pressure_level=800

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-30.37	3.499	13.57
P2	-57.1	0.4745	13.19

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-34.23	-0.6275	16.85

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-36.56	-14.41	4.152
P2 Validation	-13.68	-0.1673	12.06

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

`pressure_level/geopotential_height` [pressure_level=800]

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=800

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0, pressure_level=800

Point	min	mean	max
P1	1981	2059	2142
P2	2001	2066	2149

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1779	2014	2092

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	2047	2070	2101
P2 Validation	2045	2058	2070

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

`pressure_level/relative_humidity` [pressure_level=800]

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=800

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0, pressure_level=800

Point	min	mean	max
P1	3	55.82	100
P2	0	52.92	94

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	2	49.38	100

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	2	17.08	49
P2 Validation	14	53.56	100

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

`pressure_level/specific_humidity` [pressure_level=800]

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Specific humidity
short_name	q
standard_name	specific_humidity
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=800

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0, pressure_level=800

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.00038	0.007283	0.01216
P2	3e-05	0.006699	0.01186

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.00026	0.005338	0.01503

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.00021	0.002118	0.00641
P2 Validation	0.00166	0.006044	0.01101

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

`pressure_level/temperature` [pressure_level=800]

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=800

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0, pressure_level=800

Point	min	mean	max
P1	9.05	14.59	19.85
P2	9.35	14.34	17.65

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-8.25	11.82	21.55

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	10.55	12.94	15.95
P2 Validation	11.55	12.75	14.15

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

`pressure_level/wind_u` [pressure_level=800]

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	x_wind
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=800
comment	Velocity along the model grid's x dimension, not eastward velocity.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0, pressure_level=800

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-7.54	4.069	15.02
P2	-10.32	-0.704	10.41

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-31.45	2.402	27.43

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-3.256	2.67	6.607
P2 Validation	-4.936	-2.693	0.5803

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

`pressure_level/wind_v` [pressure_level=800]

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	y_wind
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=800
comment	Velocity along the model grid's y dimension, not northward velocity.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0, pressure_level=800

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-11.1	2.017	17.71
P2	-9.049	-1.374	8.474

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-21.6	-0.7807	36.5

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-6.794	-0.4393	6.241
P2 Validation	-3.898	-2.279	0.6411

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

`pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure reduced to MSL
short_name	prmsl
standard_name	air_pressure_at_mean_sea_level
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	1.006e+05	1.017e+05	1.027e+05
P2	1.011e+05	1.017e+05	1.027e+05

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference at 2026-10-08T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	9.888e+04	1.014e+05	1.025e+05
Reference	9.965e+04	1.014e+05	1.025e+05

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.014e+05	1.02e+05	1.026e+05
P1 Reference	1.012e+05	1.019e+05	1.026e+05
P2 Validation	1.015e+05	1.018e+05	1.021e+05
P2 Reference	1.015e+05	1.018e+05	1.02e+05

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level — full-period value time series

pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level — spatial comparison

pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level — time series comparison

pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level — availability over append dim

`pressure_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Surface pressure
short_name	sp
standard_name	surface_air_pressure
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	9.776e+04	9.881e+04	9.97e+04
P2	9.761e+04	9.82e+04	9.915e+04

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference at 2026-10-08T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	6.47e+04	9.613e+04	1.025e+05
Reference	6.848e+04	9.678e+04	1.025e+05

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	9.862e+04	9.912e+04	9.968e+04
P1 Reference	9.798e+04	9.857e+04	9.92e+04
P2 Validation	9.808e+04	9.831e+04	9.853e+04
P2 Reference	9.811e+04	9.834e+04	9.85e+04

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

pressure_surface — full-period value time series

pressure_surface — time series comparison

pressure_surface — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_2m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	2 metre relative humidity
short_name	2r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	37.8	80.87	100
P2	31.5	76.16	100

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference at 2026-10-08T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	12.8	76.73	100
Reference	19.75	73.69	100

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	28.2	60.61	83.7
P1 Reference	31.62	55.22	72
P2 Validation	67.9	84.65	98.9
P2 Reference	32.75	71.35	97

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

relative_humidity_2m — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_2m — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_2m — time series comparison

relative_humidity_2m — availability over append dim

`storm_relative_helicity_1000_0m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m2 s-2`
long_name	Storm relative helicity
short_name	hlcy
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-47.2	48.87	448.1
P2	-55.1	7.247	84.9

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-132	25.36	319

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-29	19.13	86
P2 Validation	-50	-9.662	28

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

storm_relative_helicity_1000_0m — full-period value time series

storm_relative_helicity_1000_0m — spatial comparison

storm_relative_helicity_1000_0m — time series comparison

storm_relative_helicity_1000_0m — availability over append dim

`storm_relative_helicity_3000_0m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m2 s-2`
long_name	Storm relative helicity
short_name	hlcy
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-34	103.6	538
P2	-63	26.85	129

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-166	62.28	617

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-13	70.08	180
P2 Validation	-48	25.11	81

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

storm_relative_helicity_3000_0m — full-period value time series

storm_relative_helicity_3000_0m — spatial comparison

storm_relative_helicity_3000_0m — time series comparison

storm_relative_helicity_3000_0m — availability over append dim

`temperature_2m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	2 metre temperature
short_name	2t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	9.93	21.03	33.86
P2	14.18	22.98	34

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference at 2026-10-08T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-2.66	16.15	30.98
Reference	0.6641	17.06	31.25

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	11.76	18	26.8
P1 Reference	12.31	18.15	27
P2 Validation	12.18	19.17	26.23
P2 Reference	15.19	20.82	26

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

temperature_2m — full-period value time series

temperature_2m — availability over append dim

`total_cloud_cover_atmosphere`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Total cloud cover
short_name	tcc
standard_name	cloud_area_fraction
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding hour.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	37.83	100
P2	0	31.1	100

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference at 2026-10-08T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	32.93	100
Reference	0	38.03	100

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0
P1 Reference	0	0
P2 Validation	39.3	100
P2 Reference	41.71	100

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

total_cloud_cover_atmosphere — full-period value time series

total_cloud_cover_atmosphere — spatial comparison

total_cloud_cover_atmosphere — time series comparison

total_cloud_cover_atmosphere — availability over append dim

`total_cloud_cover_boundary_layer`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Boundary layer cloud cover
short_name	tcc
standard_name	cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	15.72	100
P2	0	12.67	100

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	9.363	100

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	1.82	100

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

total_cloud_cover_boundary_layer — full-period value time series

total_cloud_cover_boundary_layer — spatial comparison

total_cloud_cover_boundary_layer — time series comparison

total_cloud_cover_boundary_layer — availability over append dim

`total_precipitation_run_total_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2`
long_name	Total precipitation
short_name	tp
standard_name	precipitation_amount
step_type	accum
comment	Accumulated from the forecast initialization time to this step.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.1208	2.938
P2	0	0.08385	1.875

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	2.611	506.7

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0.0625	0.101	0.125

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

total_precipitation_run_total_surface — full-period value time series

total_precipitation_run_total_surface — spatial comparison

total_precipitation_run_total_surface — time series comparison

total_precipitation_run_total_surface — availability over append dim

`total_precipitation_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2`
long_name	Total precipitation
short_name	tp
standard_name	precipitation_amount
step_type	accum
comment	Accumulated over the preceding hour.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.1208	2.938
P2	0	0.08385	1.875

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.101	122.4

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0.001042	0.0625

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

total_precipitation_surface — full-period value time series

total_precipitation_surface — spatial comparison

total_precipitation_surface — time series comparison

total_precipitation_surface — availability over append dim

`total_snowfall_run_total_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Total snowfall
short_name	asnow
standard_name	thickness_of_snowfall_amount
step_type	accum
comment	Accumulated from the forecast initialization time to this step.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0	0
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	1.72e-05	0.03377

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0	0

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

total_snowfall_run_total_surface — full-period value time series

total_snowfall_run_total_surface — spatial comparison

total_snowfall_run_total_surface — time series comparison

total_snowfall_run_total_surface — availability over append dim

`vertical_u_component_shear_0_6000m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	Vertical u-component shear
short_name	vucsh
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	Velocity along the model grid's x dimension, not eastward velocity.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-5.9	11.05	20.8
P2	-7.9	4.241	25.4

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-20	9.775	45

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-1.8	7.075	16.8
P2 Validation	0.8	11.48	20

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

vertical_u_component_shear_0_6000m — full-period value time series

vertical_u_component_shear_0_6000m — spatial comparison

vertical_u_component_shear_0_6000m — time series comparison

vertical_u_component_shear_0_6000m — availability over append dim

`vertical_v_component_shear_0_6000m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	Vertical v-component shear
short_name	vvcsh
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	Velocity along the model grid's y dimension, not northward velocity.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-17.1	-2.81	20.9
P2	-25	-3.028	13

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-30.8	-1.184	33.9

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-12.9	-8.277	-1.6
P2 Validation	-11.9	-3.933	2.8

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

vertical_v_component_shear_0_6000m — full-period value time series

vertical_v_component_shear_0_6000m — spatial comparison

vertical_v_component_shear_0_6000m — time series comparison

vertical_v_component_shear_0_6000m — availability over append dim

`visibility_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Visibility
short_name	vis
standard_name	visibility_in_air
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	265.5	2.115e+04	5.413e+04
P2	123.7	2.274e+04	5.862e+04

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	21.79	2.405e+04	8.659e+04

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	2.08e+04	3.716e+04	6.616e+04
P2 Validation	545.9	1.76e+04	2.559e+04

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

visibility_surface — full-period value time series

visibility_surface — time series comparison

visibility_surface — availability over append dim

`wind_gust_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	Wind speed (gust)
short_name	gust
standard_name	wind_speed_of_gust
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.5	4.539	14.3
P2	0.4	3.682	9.5

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference at 2026-10-08T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	5.452	35.6
Reference	0.0008392	5.639	35

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.9	3.241	6.9
P1 Reference	1.062	4.456	11.62
P2 Validation	1.4	4.995	11.7
P2 Reference	1.109	4.596	10.12

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

wind_gust_surface — full-period value time series

wind_gust_surface — time series comparison

wind_gust_surface — availability over append dim

`wind_u_10m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	10 metre U wind component
short_name	10u
standard_name	x_wind
step_type	instant
comment	Velocity along the model grid's x dimension, not eastward velocity.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-4.099	-0.823	2.821
P2	-4.589	-0.8286	3.253

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference at 2026-10-08T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-24.42	-0.01167	15.43
Reference	-30.75	0.04063	19.25

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-2.455	-0.07682	2.595
P1 Reference	-1.5	0.152	3.188
P2 Validation	-4.614	-2.395	1.061
P2 Reference	-4.562	-2.118	-0.3008

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

wind_u_10m — full-period value time series

wind_u_10m — availability over append dim

`wind_u_160m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	x_wind
step_type	instant
comment	Velocity along the model grid's x dimension, not eastward velocity.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-11.12	-1.602	8.894
P2	-8.747	-1.879	5.108

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-32.21	0.2886	22.54

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-5.511	0.5693	7.731
P2 Validation	-10.59	-6.058	1.749

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

wind_u_160m — full-period value time series

wind_u_160m — availability over append dim

`wind_u_320m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	x_wind
step_type	instant
comment	Velocity along the model grid's x dimension, not eastward velocity.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-12.46	-1.171	13.92
P2	-11.8	-1.985	6.046

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-33.33	0.5038	23.9

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-3.879	1.005	8.98
P2 Validation	-13.75	-6.866	1.899

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

wind_u_320m — full-period value time series

wind_u_320m — availability over append dim

`wind_u_80m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	80 metre U wind component
short_name	80u
standard_name	x_wind
step_type	instant
comment	Velocity along the model grid's x dimension, not eastward velocity.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-8.973	-1.501	5.68
P2	-7.611	-1.629	4.475

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference at 2026-10-08T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-30.96	0.1936	20.55
Reference	-28.5	0.2576	22

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-5.685	0.229	5.896
P1 Reference	-2.75	0.5398	7.438
P2 Validation	-8.058	-4.838	1.539
P2 Reference	-6.875	-3.874	-0.6094

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

wind_u_80m — full-period value time series

wind_u_80m — availability over append dim

`wind_v_10m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	10 metre V wind component
short_name	10v
standard_name	y_wind
step_type	instant
comment	Velocity along the model grid's y dimension, not northward velocity.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-5.514	0.3109	5.808
P2	-3.109	-0.5481	3.07

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference at 2026-10-08T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-18.42	-0.584	25.57
Reference	-24	-0.6313	22.75

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-1.246	1.089	3.569
P1 Reference	-2.094	1.687	3.969
P2 Validation	-2.744	-1.247	0.09678
P2 Reference	-0.8594	-0.1604	1.172

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

wind_v_10m — full-period value time series

wind_v_10m — availability over append dim

`wind_v_160m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	y_wind
step_type	instant
comment	Velocity along the model grid's y dimension, not northward velocity.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-11.09	2.118	13.51
P2	-7.904	-0.7061	7.259

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-21.88	-1.037	33.86

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-4.373	3.05	8.667
P2 Validation	-4.891	-2.09	2.371

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

wind_v_160m — full-period value time series

wind_v_160m — availability over append dim

`wind_v_320m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	y_wind
step_type	instant
comment	Velocity along the model grid's y dimension, not northward velocity.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-13.11	2.949	18.04
P2	-8.93	-0.415	8.753

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-22.09	-1.165	35.08

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-3.748	3.02	9.224
P2 Validation	-4.619	-1.852	2.308

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

wind_v_320m — full-period value time series

wind_v_320m — availability over append dim

`wind_v_80m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	80 metre V wind component
short_name	80v
standard_name	y_wind
step_type	instant
comment	Velocity along the model grid's y dimension, not northward velocity.

Point time series — 2026-09-10T00:00 - 2026-10-09T18:00, sampled lead=1h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-9.377	1.409	10.7
P2	-6.118	-0.7952	5.207

Spatial — init=2026-10-07T12:00, lead=24h (reference at 2026-10-08T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-21.49	-0.8531	32.44
Reference	-27.75	-0.7804	25.75

Temporal — init=2026-10-05T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-3.814	2.538	6.573
P1 Reference	-4.188	2.835	7.188
P2 Validation	-4.048	-2.001	1.168
P2 Reference	-1.906	-0.4672	1.562

Availability — 120 of 120 positions complete

wind_v_80m — full-period value time series

wind_v_80m — availability over append dim

NOAA RRFS ENS forecast, virtual validation report

Summary

What looks good

Review notes

Datasets

Run parameters

Availability

Decode health

Per-variable details

categorical_freezing_rain_surface

categorical_ice_pellets_surface

categorical_rain_surface

categorical_snow_surface

cloud_ceiling_height

composite_reflectivity

convective_available_potential_energy_surface

convective_inhibition_surface

dew_point_temperature_2m

downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface

echo_top

freezing_rain_run_total_surface

freezing_rain_surface

geopotential_height_surface

high_cloud_cover

instantaneous_downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface

instantaneous_total_cloud_cover_atmosphere

low_cloud_cover

maximum_downward_vertical_velocity_100_1000mb

maximum_lightning_atmosphere

maximum_relative_humidity_2m

maximum_updraft_helicity_3000_0m

maximum_updraft_helicity_5000_2000m

maximum_upward_vertical_velocity_100_1000mb

maximum_wind_speed_10m

medium_cloud_cover

minimum_relative_humidity_2m

minimum_updraft_helicity_3000_0m

minimum_updraft_helicity_5000_2000m

percent_frozen_precipitation_surface

precipitable_water_atmosphere

pressure_level/absolute_vorticity [pressure_level=800]

pressure_level/dew_point_temperature [pressure_level=800]

pressure_level/geopotential_height [pressure_level=800]

pressure_level/relative_humidity [pressure_level=800]

pressure_level/specific_humidity [pressure_level=800]

pressure_level/temperature [pressure_level=800]

pressure_level/wind_u [pressure_level=800]

pressure_level/wind_v [pressure_level=800]

pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level

pressure_surface

relative_humidity_2m

storm_relative_helicity_1000_0m

storm_relative_helicity_3000_0m

temperature_2m

total_cloud_cover_atmosphere

total_cloud_cover_boundary_layer

total_precipitation_run_total_surface

total_precipitation_surface

total_snowfall_run_total_surface

vertical_u_component_shear_0_6000m

vertical_v_component_shear_0_6000m

visibility_surface

wind_gust_surface

wind_u_10m

wind_u_160m

wind_u_320m

wind_u_80m

wind_v_10m

wind_v_160m

wind_v_320m

wind_v_80m

`categorical_freezing_rain_surface`

`categorical_ice_pellets_surface`

`categorical_rain_surface`

`categorical_snow_surface`

`cloud_ceiling_height`

`composite_reflectivity`

`convective_available_potential_energy_surface`

`convective_inhibition_surface`

`dew_point_temperature_2m`

`downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface`

`echo_top`

`freezing_rain_run_total_surface`

`freezing_rain_surface`

`geopotential_height_surface`

`high_cloud_cover`

`instantaneous_downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface`

`instantaneous_total_cloud_cover_atmosphere`

`low_cloud_cover`

`maximum_downward_vertical_velocity_100_1000mb`

`maximum_lightning_atmosphere`

`maximum_relative_humidity_2m`

`maximum_updraft_helicity_3000_0m`

`maximum_updraft_helicity_5000_2000m`

`maximum_upward_vertical_velocity_100_1000mb`

`maximum_wind_speed_10m`

`medium_cloud_cover`

`minimum_relative_humidity_2m`

`minimum_updraft_helicity_3000_0m`

`minimum_updraft_helicity_5000_2000m`

`percent_frozen_precipitation_surface`

`precipitable_water_atmosphere`

`pressure_level/absolute_vorticity` [pressure_level=800]

`pressure_level/dew_point_temperature` [pressure_level=800]

`pressure_level/geopotential_height` [pressure_level=800]

`pressure_level/relative_humidity` [pressure_level=800]

`pressure_level/specific_humidity` [pressure_level=800]

`pressure_level/temperature` [pressure_level=800]

`pressure_level/wind_u` [pressure_level=800]

`pressure_level/wind_v` [pressure_level=800]

`pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level`

`pressure_surface`

`relative_humidity_2m`

`storm_relative_helicity_1000_0m`

`storm_relative_helicity_3000_0m`

`temperature_2m`

`total_cloud_cover_atmosphere`

`total_cloud_cover_boundary_layer`

`total_precipitation_run_total_surface`

`total_precipitation_surface`

`total_snowfall_run_total_surface`

`vertical_u_component_shear_0_6000m`

`vertical_v_component_shear_0_6000m`

`visibility_surface`

`wind_gust_surface`

`wind_u_10m`

`wind_u_160m`

`wind_u_320m`

`wind_u_80m`

`wind_v_10m`

`wind_v_160m`

`wind_v_320m`

`wind_v_80m`