Catalog > NOAA GFS forecast, virtual > Validation report

NOAA GFS forecast, virtual validation report

This dataset validation report plots a sample of values from the NOAA GFS forecast, virtual dataset over time and across space, comparing where possible to a previously validated reference dataset. It also reports the quantity of unavailable values and their associated timestamps. These analyses are one layer of a multi-layered dataset validation process we perform at dynamical.org and also provide users a preview of the dataset contents.

Report generation start time: 2026-09-18T00:35:12 UTC

Summary

This dataset has been reviewed and is ready for use. Source data is unavailable at four initializations on 2022-11-29 and 2022-11-30, and two groups of variables carry source characteristics worth knowing before you rely on them: the deep soil temperature and moisture variables, and the high-cloud boundary pressure fields. Each is described in review notes below.

What looks good

Geometry and coordinates are correct for all 274 variables — north-up, −180° to +180° with no seam, and land features at the right coordinates on the global 0.25° grid.
Completeness is exhaustive: every expected source file, and every variable at every position, was probed across all 7864 initializations. Only four initializations are short of source files.
Decode health is clean on a broad sample — 28,100 chunk references decoded with zero failures. Completeness here is exhaustive; decode health is sampled, so "validated" means every expected file and variable is present and a representative sample decodes cleanly.
Values agree with an independent decoder. Every variable spot-checked against its source GRIB through rasterio/GDAL matched to float32 precision or bit-exactly, and cloud ceiling matches the separately-built materialized GFS archive to within its rounding granularity.
No unit, scale or precision discontinuities across the five-year record, and each variable's documented missing-value and sentinel conventions hold exactly as its comment describes.

Review notes

Source data is missing at four initializations on 2022-11-29 → 2022-11-30 (12 and 18 UTC on the 29th, 00 and 06 UTC on the 30th): 335 of the 1672 expected files, at scattered forecast hours across the whole 0–384 hour range rather than whole forecasts. The published GRIB indexes and the GRIB files themselves do not match. The affected forecast hours read as missing; every other forecast hour at those four initializations is intact. Exact positions are in unavailable_timestamps.txt.
Deep soil fields change in steps tied to the 06 UTC cycle, from the 2026-01-30 06 UTC initialization onward. The source model's 06 UTC land-surface cycle resets the deeper layers — 10-40, 40-100 and 100-200 cm temperature, and 100-200 cm moisture — by up to about 5 K and 0.07 m³ m⁻³ at some locations, and the new state then persists for one to three days. It is worldwide but uneven: across one such cycle 1.4% of land cells move by more than 1 K, concentrated in northern mid-latitudes. Earlier initializations show the same 06 UTC resets at far smaller amplitude. Read a deep-soil series as cycle-dependent rather than as continuous physical evolution.
Disregard high-cloud boundary pressures below about 5000 Pa. Roughly 0.1% of the valid cells in average_pressure_high_cloud_top and average_pressure_high_cloud_bottom, all poleward of 55°, carry stratospheric pressures reaching 1 Pa — above the source model's own atmosphere, so not a cloud boundary. The values come through from the source unchanged. They distort global minima and extremes rather than typical statistics.

Datasets

Role	Name	ID	Version	URL
Validation	NOAA GFS forecast, virtual	`noaa-gfs-forecast-virtual`	`v0.1.0`	`s3://dynamical-noaa-gfs/noaa-gfs-forecast-virtual/v0.1.0.icechunk`
Reference	NOAA GEFS analysis	`noaa-gefs-analysis`	`0.1.2`	`s3://dynamical-noaa-gefs/noaa-gefs-analysis/v0.1.2.icechunk/`

Run parameters

Parameter	Value
Validation dataset type	forecast
Validation time range	init_time 2021-05-01T00:00 → 2026-09-17T18:00
Reference time range	time 2000-01-01T00:00 → 2026-09-17T18:00
Point 1	lat=40.0000, lon=-100.0000
Point 2	lat=20.0000, lon=-140.0000
Spatial comparison time	init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference at 2026-09-01T06:00)
Timeseries period	init=2026-09-01T00:00
Vertical level	override 500
Store type	virtual — availability manifest-probed; value series sampled

Availability

The plot below shows the availability of each variable over time — light red marks unavailable data, dark green marks present data.

availability heatmap

Every variable is complete at every scanned position.

Unavailable timestamps: unavailable_timestamps.txt

Decode health

28100 references decoded successfully, sampled across 20 of 7864 append-dim regions, 5 leads and 3 levels per group variable.

Per-variable details

`albedo_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Forecast albedo
short_name	fal
standard_name	surface_albedo
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step. Exactly 0 wherever the averaging window received no sunlight; exclude those zeros from a time mean albedo.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	12.64	57.7
P2	0	3.115	8.31

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	15.05	88.47

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	15.38	27.98
P2 Validation	0	4.171	18.62

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

albedo_surface — full-period value time series

albedo_surface — availability over append dim

`apparent_temperature_2m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Apparent temperature
short_name	aptmp
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	Equal to temperature_2m in mild conditions, wind chill when colder and heat index when hotter.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-27.55	12.57	36.88
P2	20.07	22.61	25.19

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-83.93	5.241	52.97

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	17.59	29.64	39.48
P2 Validation	23.46	24.97	26.12

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

apparent_temperature_2m — full-period value time series

apparent_temperature_2m — spatial comparison

apparent_temperature_2m — time series comparison

apparent_temperature_2m — availability over append dim

`average_high_cloud_cover`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	High cloud cover
short_name	hcc
standard_name	cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	29.62	100
P2	0	26.53	100

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	39.91	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	30.13	100
P2 Validation	0	42.02	100

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

average_high_cloud_cover — full-period value time series

average_high_cloud_cover — spatial comparison

average_high_cloud_cover — time series comparison

average_high_cloud_cover — availability over append dim

`average_low_cloud_cover`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Low cloud cover
short_name	lcc
standard_name	cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	13.37	100
P2	0	54.34	100

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	39.46	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0.3053	23.7
P2 Validation	0	51.41	100

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

average_low_cloud_cover — full-period value time series

average_low_cloud_cover — spatial comparison

average_low_cloud_cover — time series comparison

average_low_cloud_cover — availability over append dim

`average_medium_cloud_cover`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Medium cloud cover
short_name	mcc
standard_name	cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	17.23	100
P2	0	7.567	100

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	25.79	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	19.08	100
P2 Validation	0	24.77	100

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

average_medium_cloud_cover — full-period value time series

average_medium_cloud_cover — spatial comparison

average_medium_cloud_cover — time series comparison

average_medium_cloud_cover — availability over append dim

`average_precipitation_rate_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2 s-1`
long_name	Precipitation rate
short_name	prate
standard_name	precipitation_flux
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	8.863e-06	0.0008032
P2	0	1.332e-05	0.0002752

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	2.875e-05	0.00857

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	8e-06	0.000238
P2 Validation	0	0.0001866	0.00561

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

average_precipitation_rate_surface — full-period value time series

average_precipitation_rate_surface — spatial comparison

average_precipitation_rate_surface — time series comparison

average_precipitation_rate_surface — availability over append dim

`average_pressure_high_cloud_bottom`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step. NaN where the source reports no high cloud in the column, and at some cloud-field edges where average_high_cloud_cover is near zero.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	1.846e+04	3.247e+04	4.059e+04
P2	1.013e+04	2.767e+04	4.026e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	664.2	3.151e+04	5.025e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.565e+04	3.001e+04	3.965e+04
P2 Validation	1.068e+04	2.027e+04	3.898e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

average_pressure_high_cloud_bottom — full-period value time series

average_pressure_high_cloud_bottom — spatial comparison

average_pressure_high_cloud_bottom — time series comparison

average_pressure_high_cloud_bottom — availability over append dim

`average_pressure_high_cloud_top`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step. NaN where the source reports no high cloud in the column, and at some cloud-field edges where average_high_cloud_cover is near zero.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	1.493e+04	2.469e+04	3.815e+04
P2	9442	2.111e+04	3.858e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.999	2.195e+04	4.825e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.42e+04	2.288e+04	3.474e+04
P2 Validation	9442	1.544e+04	3.458e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

average_pressure_high_cloud_top — full-period value time series

average_pressure_high_cloud_top — spatial comparison

average_pressure_high_cloud_top — time series comparison

average_pressure_high_cloud_top — availability over append dim

`average_pressure_low_cloud_bottom`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step. NaN where the source reports no low cloud in the column, and at some cloud-field edges where average_low_cloud_cover is near zero.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	6.604e+04	8.377e+04	9.444e+04
P2	6.693e+04	9.582e+04	1.018e+05

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	6.511e+04	9.25e+04	1.033e+05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	6.732e+04	7.649e+04	9.073e+04
P2 Validation	7.12e+04	9.451e+04	1.014e+05

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

average_pressure_low_cloud_bottom — full-period value time series

average_pressure_low_cloud_bottom — spatial comparison

average_pressure_low_cloud_bottom — time series comparison

average_pressure_low_cloud_bottom — availability over append dim

`average_pressure_low_cloud_top`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step. NaN where the source reports no low cloud in the column, and at some cloud-field edges where average_low_cloud_cover is near zero.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	6.452e+04	7.315e+04	9.345e+04
P2	6.534e+04	8.576e+04	9.487e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	6.419e+04	8.061e+04	1.028e+05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	6.471e+04	7.261e+04	8.85e+04
P2 Validation	6.454e+04	7.982e+04	9.277e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

average_pressure_low_cloud_top — full-period value time series

average_pressure_low_cloud_top — spatial comparison

average_pressure_low_cloud_top — time series comparison

average_pressure_low_cloud_top — availability over append dim

`average_pressure_middle_cloud_bottom`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step. NaN where the source reports no middle cloud in the column, and at some cloud-field edges where average_medium_cloud_cover is near zero.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	4.089e+04	5.688e+04	6.553e+04
P2	4.179e+04	5.071e+04	6.564e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	4.039e+04	6.042e+04	7.56e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	4.153e+04	5.52e+04	6.355e+04
P2 Validation	4.176e+04	5.972e+04	6.559e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

average_pressure_middle_cloud_bottom — full-period value time series

average_pressure_middle_cloud_bottom — spatial comparison

average_pressure_middle_cloud_bottom — time series comparison

average_pressure_middle_cloud_bottom — availability over append dim

`average_pressure_middle_cloud_top`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step. NaN where the source reports no middle cloud in the column, and at some cloud-field edges where average_medium_cloud_cover is near zero.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	3.941e+04	4.678e+04	6.4e+04
P2	4e+04	4.259e+04	5.56e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	3.924e+04	4.921e+04	7.404e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	3.948e+04	4.894e+04	6.216e+04
P2 Validation	3.953e+04	4.616e+04	6.095e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

average_pressure_middle_cloud_top — full-period value time series

average_pressure_middle_cloud_top — spatial comparison

average_pressure_middle_cloud_top — time series comparison

average_pressure_middle_cloud_top — availability over append dim

`average_temperature_high_cloud_top`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step. NaN where the source reports no high cloud in the column, and at some cloud-field edges where average_high_cloud_cover is near zero.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-70.61	-51.7	-22.91
P2	-80.42	-53.83	-23.6

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-91.51	-59.98	5.691

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-66.56	-46.43	-22.85
P2 Validation	-80.12	-63.28	-21.84

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

average_temperature_high_cloud_top — full-period value time series

average_temperature_high_cloud_top — spatial comparison

average_temperature_high_cloud_top — time series comparison

average_temperature_high_cloud_top — availability over append dim

`average_temperature_low_cloud_top`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step. NaN where the source reports no low cloud in the column, and at some cloud-field edges where average_low_cloud_cover is near zero.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-18.06	-3.66	17.16
P2	-0.08939	11.49	20.75

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-47.38	-0.5461	25.49

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	8.007	12.1	18
P2 Validation	6.564	13.05	21.08

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

average_temperature_low_cloud_top — full-period value time series

average_temperature_low_cloud_top — spatial comparison

average_temperature_low_cloud_top — time series comparison

average_temperature_low_cloud_top — availability over append dim

`average_temperature_middle_cloud_top`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step. NaN where the source reports no middle cloud in the column, and at some cloud-field edges where average_medium_cloud_cover is near zero.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-38.28	-19.86	0.5451
P2	-25.3	-16.78	-5.06

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-51.69	-22.65	8.334

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-17.27	-7.185	4.705
P2 Validation	-15.63	-7.187	5.176

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

average_temperature_middle_cloud_top — full-period value time series

average_temperature_middle_cloud_top — spatial comparison

average_temperature_middle_cloud_top — time series comparison

average_temperature_middle_cloud_top — availability over append dim

`average_total_cloud_cover_boundary_layer`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Boundary layer cloud cover
short_name	tcc
standard_name	cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	6.88	100
P2	0	12.87	100

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	27.39	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0.2125	24.2
P2 Validation	0	25.02	100

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

average_total_cloud_cover_boundary_layer — full-period value time series

average_total_cloud_cover_boundary_layer — spatial comparison

average_total_cloud_cover_boundary_layer — time series comparison

average_total_cloud_cover_boundary_layer — availability over append dim

`best_4_layer_lifted_index_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`K`
long_name	Best (4-layer) lifted index
short_name	4lftx
standard_name	temperature_difference_between_ambient_air_and_air_lifted_adiabatically
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-8.453	3.803	18.84
P2	-2.815	4.923	12.69

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-19.27	5.134	23.73

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-4.711	-1.496	3.403
P2 Validation	-3.34	1.365	9.148

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

best_4_layer_lifted_index_surface — full-period value time series

best_4_layer_lifted_index_surface — spatial comparison

best_4_layer_lifted_index_surface — time series comparison

best_4_layer_lifted_index_surface — availability over append dim

`categorical_freezing_rain_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Categorical freezing rain
short_name	cfrzr
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
flag_values	`0, 1`
flag_meanings	no yes
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step. 0=no; 1=yes.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0	0
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference at 2026-09-01T06:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.001816	1
Reference	0	0.00174	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P1 Reference	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Reference	0	0	0

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

categorical_freezing_rain_surface — full-period value time series

categorical_freezing_rain_surface — spatial comparison

categorical_freezing_rain_surface — time series comparison

categorical_freezing_rain_surface — availability over append dim

`categorical_ice_pellets_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Categorical ice pellets
short_name	cicep
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
flag_values	`0, 1`
flag_meanings	no yes
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step. 0=no; 1=yes.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0	0
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference at 2026-09-01T06:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	2.89e-06	1
Reference	0	8.669e-06	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P1 Reference	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Reference	0	0	0

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

categorical_ice_pellets_surface — full-period value time series

categorical_ice_pellets_surface — spatial comparison

categorical_ice_pellets_surface — time series comparison

categorical_ice_pellets_surface — availability over append dim

`categorical_rain_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Categorical rain
short_name	crain
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
flag_values	`0, 1`
flag_meanings	no yes
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step. 0=no; 1=yes.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.0495	1
P2	0	0.4752	1

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference at 2026-09-01T06:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.2773	1
Reference	0	0.3429	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.1394	1
P1 Reference	0.4264	1
P2 Validation	0.649	1
P2 Reference	0.5969	1

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

categorical_rain_surface — full-period value time series

categorical_rain_surface — spatial comparison

categorical_rain_surface — time series comparison

categorical_rain_surface — availability over append dim

`categorical_snow_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Categorical snow
short_name	csnow
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
flag_values	`0, 1`
flag_meanings	no yes
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step. 0=no; 1=yes.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.009901	1
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference at 2026-09-01T06:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.08829	1
Reference	0	0.1329	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P1 Reference	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Reference	0	0	0

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

categorical_snow_surface — full-period value time series

categorical_snow_surface — spatial comparison

categorical_snow_surface — time series comparison

categorical_snow_surface — availability over append dim

`clear_sky_uv_b_downward_solar_flux_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Clear sky UV-B downward solar flux
short_name	cduvb
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step. The UV-B portion of the downward shortwave flux at the surface, covering 263-345 nm, computed with clouds removed.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	3.667	18.06
P2	0	5.167	13.16

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	3.045	18.29

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	4.273	15.59
P2 Validation	0	5.393	16.76

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

clear_sky_uv_b_downward_solar_flux_surface — full-period value time series

clear_sky_uv_b_downward_solar_flux_surface — spatial comparison

clear_sky_uv_b_downward_solar_flux_surface — time series comparison

clear_sky_uv_b_downward_solar_flux_surface — availability over append dim

`cloud_mixing_ratio_model_level_1`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg kg-1`
long_name	Cloud mixing ratio
short_name	clwmr
standard_name	cloud_liquid_water_mixing_ratio
step_type	instant
comment	GFS model level 1, the lowest native hybrid sigma-pressure layer, immediately above the ground.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	2.99e-07	6.04e-05
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	3.687e-06	0.001785

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0	0

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

cloud_mixing_ratio_model_level_1 — full-period value time series

cloud_mixing_ratio_model_level_1 — spatial comparison

cloud_mixing_ratio_model_level_1 — time series comparison

cloud_mixing_ratio_model_level_1 — availability over append dim

`cloud_water_atmosphere`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2`
long_name	Cloud water
short_name	cwat
standard_name	atmosphere_mass_content_of_cloud_condensed_water
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.04157	1.243
P2	0	0.05525	0.6899

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.08168	5.89

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0.02042	0.3531
P2 Validation	0	0.2238	3.047

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

cloud_water_atmosphere — full-period value time series

cloud_water_atmosphere — spatial comparison

cloud_water_atmosphere — time series comparison

cloud_water_atmosphere — availability over append dim

`cloud_work_function_atmosphere`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`J kg-1`
long_name	Cloud work function
short_name	cwork
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	5.882	711.5
P2	0	1.037	50.64

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	9.26	1100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	8.155	223.2
P2 Validation	0	20.66	277.8

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

cloud_work_function_atmosphere — full-period value time series

cloud_work_function_atmosphere — spatial comparison

cloud_work_function_atmosphere — time series comparison

cloud_work_function_atmosphere — availability over append dim

`composite_reflectivity`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`dBZ`
long_name	Maximum/Composite radar reflectivity
short_name	refc
standard_name	equivalent_reflectivity_factor
step_type	instant
comment	-20 dBZ means no echo was detected.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-20	-18.11	33.31
P2	-20	-1.149	28.07

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-20	-9.999	51.73

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-20	-18.47	29.78
P2 Validation	-20	1.55	43.31

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

composite_reflectivity — full-period value time series

composite_reflectivity — spatial comparison

composite_reflectivity — time series comparison

composite_reflectivity — availability over append dim

`convective_available_potential_energy_180_0mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`J kg-1`
long_name	Convective available potential energy
short_name	cape
standard_name	atmosphere_convective_available_potential_energy
step_type	instant
comment	Energy released by a parcel lifted from the most unstable of six 30 hPa layers in the lowest 180 hPa, rather than from one parcel averaged over that depth.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	193.5	2703
P2	0	31.44	573

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	129.6	3744

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	339.8	1251
P2 Validation	0	115.2	964

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

convective_available_potential_energy_180_0mb — full-period value time series

convective_available_potential_energy_180_0mb — spatial comparison

convective_available_potential_energy_180_0mb — time series comparison

convective_available_potential_energy_180_0mb — availability over append dim

`convective_available_potential_energy_255_0mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`J kg-1`
long_name	Convective available potential energy
short_name	cape
standard_name	atmosphere_convective_available_potential_energy
step_type	instant
comment	Energy released by a parcel lifted from the most unstable level in the lowest 300 hPa. The source labels the record 255 hPa but searches 300.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	221.4	2957
P2	0	49.39	812

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	171.3	4424

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	391	1402
P2 Validation	0	169.2	1190

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

convective_available_potential_energy_255_0mb — full-period value time series

convective_available_potential_energy_255_0mb — spatial comparison

convective_available_potential_energy_255_0mb — time series comparison

convective_available_potential_energy_255_0mb — availability over append dim

`convective_available_potential_energy_90_0mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`J kg-1`
long_name	Convective available potential energy
short_name	cape
standard_name	atmosphere_convective_available_potential_energy
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	155.9	2608
P2	0	19.22	321

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	88.93	2900

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	241.5	1187
P2 Validation	0	47.82	453

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

convective_available_potential_energy_90_0mb — full-period value time series

convective_available_potential_energy_90_0mb — spatial comparison

convective_available_potential_energy_90_0mb — time series comparison

convective_available_potential_energy_90_0mb — availability over append dim

`convective_available_potential_energy_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`J kg-1`
long_name	Convective available potential energy
short_name	cape
standard_name	atmosphere_convective_available_potential_energy
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	177.2	2957
P2	0	50.7	812

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	167.2	4424

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	267.1	1402
P2 Validation	0	170.4	1190

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

convective_available_potential_energy_surface — full-period value time series

convective_available_potential_energy_surface — spatial comparison

convective_available_potential_energy_surface — time series comparison

convective_available_potential_energy_surface — availability over append dim

`convective_cloud_cover`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Convective cloud cover
short_name	ccc
standard_name	cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	1.344	57.6
P2	0	13.09	56.16

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	7.4	80

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	2.681	75.13
P2 Validation	0	17.64	68.02

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

convective_cloud_cover — full-period value time series

convective_cloud_cover — spatial comparison

convective_cloud_cover — time series comparison

convective_cloud_cover — availability over append dim

`convective_inhibition_180_0mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`J kg-1`
long_name	Convective inhibition
short_name	cin
standard_name	atmosphere_convective_inhibition
step_type	instant
comment	Negative where there is inhibition and at or near zero where there is none.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-607.6	-35.08	0.4936
P2	-400	-12.28	0.4907

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-1487	-12.52	0.3055

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-546.8	-82.31	0.5206
P2 Validation	-187.1	-14.1	0.5206

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

convective_inhibition_180_0mb — full-period value time series

convective_inhibition_180_0mb — spatial comparison

convective_inhibition_180_0mb — time series comparison

convective_inhibition_180_0mb — availability over append dim

`convective_inhibition_255_0mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`J kg-1`
long_name	Convective inhibition
short_name	cin
standard_name	atmosphere_convective_inhibition
step_type	instant
comment	Negative where there is inhibition and at or near zero where there is none.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-576.2	-35.72	0.6802
P2	-489.7	-18.02	0.6802

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-1399	-12.32	-0.2045

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-514.9	-73.76	0.4802
P2 Validation	-161.5	-11.11	0.4662

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

convective_inhibition_255_0mb — full-period value time series

convective_inhibition_255_0mb — spatial comparison

convective_inhibition_255_0mb — time series comparison

convective_inhibition_255_0mb — availability over append dim

`convective_inhibition_90_0mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`J kg-1`
long_name	Convective inhibition
short_name	cin
standard_name	atmosphere_convective_inhibition
step_type	instant
comment	Negative where there is inhibition and at or near zero where there is none.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-578.1	-37.58	0.7433
P2	-262.1	-9.477	0.7433

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-1279	-11.78	0.3961

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-503.3	-112	0.9895
P2 Validation	-228.5	-18.61	0.9895

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

convective_inhibition_90_0mb — full-period value time series

convective_inhibition_90_0mb — spatial comparison

convective_inhibition_90_0mb — time series comparison

convective_inhibition_90_0mb — availability over append dim

`convective_inhibition_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`J kg-1`
long_name	Convective inhibition
short_name	cin
standard_name	atmosphere_convective_inhibition
step_type	instant
comment	Negative where there is inhibition and at or near zero where there is none.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-793.7	-44.81	0.4949
P2	-475.3	-15.8	0.4949

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-1547	-13.94	-0.127

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-785.5	-138.1	0.4889
P2 Validation	-160.9	-10.79	0.4875

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

convective_inhibition_surface — full-period value time series

convective_inhibition_surface — spatial comparison

convective_inhibition_surface — time series comparison

convective_inhibition_surface — availability over append dim

`convective_precipitation_run_total_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2`
long_name	Convective precipitation
short_name	cp
standard_name	convective_precipitation_amount
step_type	accum
comment	Accumulated from the forecast initialization time to this step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.0133	0.6875
P2	0	0.03527	0.5625

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.3167	24.25

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	5.834	13.75
P2 Validation	0	13.3	36.56

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

convective_precipitation_run_total_surface — full-period value time series

convective_precipitation_run_total_surface — spatial comparison

convective_precipitation_run_total_surface — time series comparison

convective_precipitation_run_total_surface — availability over append dim

`convective_precipitation_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2`
long_name	Convective precipitation
short_name	cp
standard_name	convective_precipitation_amount
step_type	accum
comment	Accumulated over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.0133	0.6875
P2	0	0.03527	0.5625

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.3167	24.25

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0.1217	5.125
P2 Validation	0	0.4186	5.875

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

convective_precipitation_surface — full-period value time series

convective_precipitation_surface — spatial comparison

convective_precipitation_surface — time series comparison

convective_precipitation_surface — availability over append dim

`derived_radar_reflectivity_1000m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`dBZ`
long_name	Derived radar reflectivity
short_name	refd
standard_name	equivalent_reflectivity_factor
step_type	instant
comment	-20 dBZ means no echo was detected.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-20	-19.03	26.89
P2	-20	-4.12	25.74

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-20	-12.42	51.4

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-20	-19.28	29.75
P2 Validation	-20	-2.363	42.67

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

derived_radar_reflectivity_1000m — full-period value time series

derived_radar_reflectivity_1000m — spatial comparison

derived_radar_reflectivity_1000m — time series comparison

derived_radar_reflectivity_1000m — availability over append dim

`derived_radar_reflectivity_4000m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`dBZ`
long_name	Derived radar reflectivity
short_name	refd
standard_name	equivalent_reflectivity_factor
step_type	instant
comment	-20 dBZ means no echo was detected.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-20	-18.72	28.65
P2	-20	-19.74	20.84

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-20	-17.71	49.15

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-20	-18.8	29.78
P2 Validation	-20	-12.29	39.01

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

derived_radar_reflectivity_4000m — full-period value time series

derived_radar_reflectivity_4000m — spatial comparison

derived_radar_reflectivity_4000m — time series comparison

derived_radar_reflectivity_4000m — availability over append dim

`derived_radar_reflectivity_model_level_1`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`dBZ`
long_name	Derived radar reflectivity
short_name	refd
standard_name	equivalent_reflectivity_factor
step_type	instant
comment	GFS model level 1, the lowest native hybrid sigma-pressure layer, immediately above the ground. -20 dBZ means no echo was detected.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-20	-19.06	25.37
P2	-20	-6.358	25.12

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-20	-12.2	51.48

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-20	-19.28	29.75
P2 Validation	-20	-2.318	42.53

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

derived_radar_reflectivity_model_level_1 — full-period value time series

derived_radar_reflectivity_model_level_1 — spatial comparison

derived_radar_reflectivity_model_level_1 — time series comparison

derived_radar_reflectivity_model_level_1 — availability over append dim

`derived_radar_reflectivity_model_level_2`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`dBZ`
long_name	Derived radar reflectivity
short_name	refd
standard_name	equivalent_reflectivity_factor
step_type	instant
comment	GFS model level 2, the second native hybrid sigma-pressure layer above the ground. -20 dBZ means no echo was detected.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-20	-19.09	25.39
P2	-20	-6.293	25.16

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-20	-12.19	51.49

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-20	-19.28	29.75
P2 Validation	-20	-2.287	42.53

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

derived_radar_reflectivity_model_level_2 — full-period value time series

derived_radar_reflectivity_model_level_2 — spatial comparison

derived_radar_reflectivity_model_level_2 — time series comparison

derived_radar_reflectivity_model_level_2 — availability over append dim

`dew_point_temperature_2m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	2 metre dewpoint temperature
short_name	2d
standard_name	dew_point_temperature
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-22.97	3.27	19.36
P2	12.5	17.98	23.35

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-79.23	2.739	30.17

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	5.017	13.24	19.65
P2 Validation	17.47	22.14	24.65

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

dew_point_temperature_2m — full-period value time series

dew_point_temperature_2m — spatial comparison

dew_point_temperature_2m — time series comparison

dew_point_temperature_2m — availability over append dim

`downward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Surface downward long-wave radiation flux
short_name	sdlwrf
standard_name	surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	161.6	308.1	427.2
P2	333.9	388.5	428.4

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference at 2026-09-01T06:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	61.14	312.1	459.2
Reference	60	309	456

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	353.6	396.8	448.7
P1 Reference	324	385.2	448
P2 Validation	373.5	413.9	445.5
P2 Reference	360	403.9	440

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

downward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface — full-period value time series

downward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface — spatial comparison

downward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface — time series comparison

downward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface — availability over append dim

`downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Surface downward short-wave radiation flux
short_name	sdswrf
standard_name	surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	214.2	992.6
P2	0	228.6	728.5

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference at 2026-09-01T06:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	151.3	919.1
Reference	0	155.6	908

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	mean	max
P1 Validation	240.3	860.7
P1 Reference	208.3	828
P2 Validation	209.4	897.3
P2 Reference	252.2	884

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — full-period value time series

downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — spatial comparison

downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — time series comparison

downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — availability over append dim

`eastward_gravity_wave_surface_stress`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Eastward gravity wave surface stress
short_name	lgws
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step. Positive values are a westward gravity wave drag force on the atmosphere: the opposite sign convention to CF's atmosphere_eastward_stress_due_to_gravity_wave_drag.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.00491	5.034e-05	0.004882
P2	-0.00491	5.034e-05	0.004882

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-15.95	0.00237	25.76

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.001701	1.328e-05	0.001732
P2 Validation	-0.001701	1.328e-05	0.001732

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

eastward_gravity_wave_surface_stress — full-period value time series

eastward_gravity_wave_surface_stress — spatial comparison

eastward_gravity_wave_surface_stress — time series comparison

eastward_gravity_wave_surface_stress — availability over append dim

`field_capacity_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Field Capacity
short_name	fldcp
standard_name	volume_fraction_of_condensed_water_in_soil_at_field_capacity
step_type	instant
comment	NaN over water.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.3316	0.3316	0.3316
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.1159	0.2872	0.4188

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.3316	0.3316	0.3316
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

field_capacity_surface — full-period value time series

field_capacity_surface — spatial comparison

field_capacity_surface — time series comparison

field_capacity_surface — availability over append dim

`friction_velocity_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	Friction velocity
short_name	zust
standard_name	magnitude_of_surface_friction_velocity_in_air
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.07104	0.3804	1.179
P2	0.053	0.2688	0.5631

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.007	0.3	2.232

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.064	0.3806	0.882
P2 Validation	0.01938	0.3591	1.403

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

friction_velocity_surface — full-period value time series

friction_velocity_surface — spatial comparison

friction_velocity_surface — time series comparison

friction_velocity_surface — availability over append dim

`geopotential_height_0c_isotherm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant
comment	Zero marks a freezing level at or below the surface rather than missing data; over water, where the surface is at zero height, it is a genuine value.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	3234	5835
P2	3495	4782	5735

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	2657	6318

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	4662	4987	5589
P2 Validation	4597	5240	5850

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

geopotential_height_0c_isotherm — full-period value time series

geopotential_height_0c_isotherm — spatial comparison

geopotential_height_0c_isotherm — time series comparison

geopotential_height_0c_isotherm — availability over append dim

`geopotential_height_0p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	4052	1.035e+04	1.679e+04
P2	7677	1.316e+04	1.752e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1661	1.238e+04	2e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	7066	1.226e+04	1.711e+04
P2 Validation	1.029e+04	1.472e+04	1.699e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

geopotential_height_0p5pvu — full-period value time series

geopotential_height_0p5pvu — spatial comparison

geopotential_height_0p5pvu — time series comparison

geopotential_height_0p5pvu — availability over append dim

`geopotential_height_1p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	5932	1.156e+04	1.681e+04
P2	9503	1.461e+04	1.775e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1716	1.309e+04	2.002e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.02e+04	1.42e+04	1.744e+04
P2 Validation	1.295e+04	1.565e+04	1.712e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

geopotential_height_1p5pvu — full-period value time series

geopotential_height_1p5pvu — spatial comparison

geopotential_height_1p5pvu — time series comparison

geopotential_height_1p5pvu — availability over append dim

`geopotential_height_1pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	5748	1.106e+04	1.68e+04
P2	8940	1.403e+04	1.764e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1634	1.279e+04	2.001e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	8817	1.342e+04	1.712e+04
P2 Validation	1.158e+04	1.535e+04	1.705e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

geopotential_height_1pvu — full-period value time series

geopotential_height_1pvu — spatial comparison

geopotential_height_1pvu — time series comparison

geopotential_height_1pvu — availability over append dim

`geopotential_height_2pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	6361	1.188e+04	1.682e+04
P2	1.058e+04	1.509e+04	1.782e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1665	1.329e+04	2.001e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.138e+04	1.462e+04	1.745e+04
P2 Validation	1.387e+04	1.589e+04	1.761e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

geopotential_height_2pvu — full-period value time series

geopotential_height_2pvu — spatial comparison

geopotential_height_2pvu — time series comparison

geopotential_height_2pvu — availability over append dim

`geopotential_height_cloud_ceiling`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant
comment	Values near 20,000m mark no cloud ceiling. Interpolation in the source mixes the no data value with real ceiling heights, so unusable values span a range rather than one value and are not converted to NaN. Mask values above 19,000m.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	738.8	1.622e+04	2e+04
P2	240.8	8043	2e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference at 2026-09-01T06:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	8.341	1.107e+04	2e+04
Reference	8.25	1.574e+04	2.003e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	3416	1.618e+04	2e+04
P1 Reference	740	1.688e+04	2.003e+04
P2 Validation	104.2	7275	2e+04
P2 Reference	200	9177	2.003e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

geopotential_height_cloud_ceiling — full-period value time series

geopotential_height_cloud_ceiling — spatial comparison

geopotential_height_cloud_ceiling — time series comparison

geopotential_height_cloud_ceiling — availability over append dim

`geopotential_height_highest_tropospheric_freezing_level`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant
comment	Zero marks a freezing level at or below the surface rather than missing data; over water, where the surface is at zero height, it is a genuine value.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	3323	5836
P2	3496	4783	5736

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	2697	6318

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	4663	4988	5590
P2 Validation	4598	5241	5851

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

geopotential_height_highest_tropospheric_freezing_level — full-period value time series

geopotential_height_highest_tropospheric_freezing_level — spatial comparison

geopotential_height_highest_tropospheric_freezing_level — time series comparison

geopotential_height_highest_tropospheric_freezing_level — availability over append dim

`geopotential_height_max_wind`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant
comment	The source searches only 500 to 100 hPa for this level, so stronger wind can lie outside that layer.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	5550	1.183e+04	1.616e+04
P2	5986	1.267e+04	1.644e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	4644	1.183e+04	1.662e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	6004	1.245e+04	1.599e+04
P2 Validation	5963	1.078e+04	1.645e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

geopotential_height_max_wind — full-period value time series

geopotential_height_max_wind — spatial comparison

geopotential_height_max_wind — time series comparison

geopotential_height_max_wind — availability over append dim

`geopotential_height_minus0p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	2805	1.391e+04	1.95e+04
P2	8479	1.528e+04	1.991e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1535	1.189e+04	2.015e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	2665	1.374e+04	2.001e+04
P2 Validation	2251	1.443e+04	1.92e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

geopotential_height_minus0p5pvu — full-period value time series

geopotential_height_minus0p5pvu — spatial comparison

geopotential_height_minus0p5pvu — time series comparison

geopotential_height_minus0p5pvu — availability over append dim

`geopotential_height_minus1p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	7743	1.578e+04	1.947e+04
P2	1.022e+04	1.59e+04	1.994e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1537	1.247e+04	2.015e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	7703	1.542e+04	2.004e+04
P2 Validation	7013	1.502e+04	1.922e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

geopotential_height_minus1p5pvu — full-period value time series

geopotential_height_minus1p5pvu — spatial comparison

geopotential_height_minus1p5pvu — time series comparison

geopotential_height_minus1p5pvu — availability over append dim

`geopotential_height_minus1pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	2769	1.493e+04	1.945e+04
P2	7340	1.556e+04	1.992e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1534	1.219e+04	2.015e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	7538	1.51e+04	2.003e+04
P2 Validation	2256	1.468e+04	1.924e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

geopotential_height_minus1pvu — full-period value time series

geopotential_height_minus1pvu — spatial comparison

geopotential_height_minus1pvu — time series comparison

geopotential_height_minus1pvu — availability over append dim

`geopotential_height_minus2pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	1.094e+04	1.59e+04	1.949e+04
P2	7567	1.611e+04	1.996e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1683	1.27e+04	2.015e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	7984	1.617e+04	2.005e+04
P2 Validation	1.088e+04	1.524e+04	1.928e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

geopotential_height_minus2pvu — full-period value time series

geopotential_height_minus2pvu — spatial comparison

geopotential_height_minus2pvu — time series comparison

geopotential_height_minus2pvu — availability over append dim

`geopotential_height_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	729.3	729.3	729.3
P2	0.05938	0.05937	0.05938

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-355.1	380.3	5918

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	729.3	729.3	729.3
P2 Validation	0.05938	0.05937	0.05938

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

geopotential_height_surface — full-period value time series

geopotential_height_surface — spatial comparison

geopotential_height_surface — time series comparison

geopotential_height_surface — availability over append dim

`geopotential_height_tropopause`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	6579	1.262e+04	1.676e+04
P2	9541	1.563e+04	1.802e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	4704	1.284e+04	1.827e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.361e+04	1.554e+04	1.675e+04
P2 Validation	1.475e+04	1.612e+04	1.689e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

geopotential_height_tropopause — full-period value time series

geopotential_height_tropopause — spatial comparison

geopotential_height_tropopause — time series comparison

geopotential_height_tropopause — availability over append dim

`graupel_model_level_1`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg kg-1`
long_name	Graupel (snow pellets)
short_name	grle
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	GFS model level 1, the lowest native hybrid sigma-pressure layer, immediately above the ground.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	4.752e-10	1.6e-08
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	4.007e-08	0.0001325

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0	0

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

graupel_model_level_1 — full-period value time series

graupel_model_level_1 — spatial comparison

graupel_model_level_1 — time series comparison

graupel_model_level_1 — availability over append dim

`ground_heat_flux_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Ground heat flux
short_name	gflux
standard_name	upward_heat_flux_at_ground_level_in_soil
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step. NaN over open water.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-166.3	-0.6376	71.58
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-275.6	1.57	270.1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-97.2	-5.676	46.97
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

ground_heat_flux_surface — full-period value time series

ground_heat_flux_surface — spatial comparison

ground_heat_flux_surface — time series comparison

ground_heat_flux_surface — availability over append dim

`haines_index_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Haines Index
short_name	hindex
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
flag_values	`2, 3, 4, 5, 6`
flag_meanings	very_low_potential very_low_potential low_potential moderate_potential high_potential
comment	Fire-weather index of lower-atmosphere stability and dryness for large plume-dominated fire growth. NaN over open water.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	2	4.629	6
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	2	3.535	6

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	2	5.742	6
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

haines_index_surface — full-period value time series

haines_index_surface — spatial comparison

haines_index_surface — time series comparison

haines_index_surface — availability over append dim

`height_above_mean_sea_level/temperature`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
sampled level	height_above_mean_sea_level=457
comment	NaN where the terrain is above this level.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h, height_above_mean_sea_level=457

Point	min	mean	max
P1	n/a	n/a	n/a
P2	15.48	18.29	22.85

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-42.58	10.1	40.92

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a
P2 Validation	18.98	21.44	24.32

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

height_above_mean_sea_level/temperature — full-period value time series

height_above_mean_sea_level/temperature — spatial comparison

height_above_mean_sea_level/temperature — time series comparison

height_above_mean_sea_level/temperature — availability over append dim

`height_above_mean_sea_level/wind_u`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
sampled level	height_above_mean_sea_level=457
comment	NaN where the terrain is above this level.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h, height_above_mean_sea_level=457

Point	min	mean	max
P1	n/a	n/a	n/a
P2	-16.57	-7.688	5.487

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-55.04	0.9379	44.46

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a
P2 Validation	-28.47	-6.604	7.349

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

height_above_mean_sea_level/wind_u — full-period value time series

height_above_mean_sea_level/wind_u — spatial comparison

height_above_mean_sea_level/wind_u — time series comparison

height_above_mean_sea_level/wind_u — availability over append dim

`height_above_mean_sea_level/wind_v`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
sampled level	height_above_mean_sea_level=457
comment	NaN where the terrain is above this level.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h, height_above_mean_sea_level=457

Point	min	mean	max
P1	n/a	n/a	n/a
P2	-12	-2.799	4.173

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-54.85	0.6111	51.65

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a
P2 Validation	-37.76	-2.197	29.26

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

height_above_mean_sea_level/wind_v — full-period value time series

height_above_mean_sea_level/wind_v — spatial comparison

height_above_mean_sea_level/wind_v — time series comparison

height_above_mean_sea_level/wind_v — availability over append dim

`high_cloud_cover`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	High cloud cover
short_name	hcc
standard_name	cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	26.73	100
P2	0	27.49	100

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	34.21	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	27.12	100
P2 Validation	0	40.19	100

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

high_cloud_cover — full-period value time series

high_cloud_cover — time series comparison

high_cloud_cover — availability over append dim

`icao_standard_atmosphere_reference_height_max_wind`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	ICAO Standard Atmosphere reference height
short_name	icaht
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	Pressure altitude: the ICAO Standard Atmosphere height for this level's pressure, not its actual height, which geopotential_height_max_wind carries. The source searches only 500 to 100 hPa for this level, so stronger wind can lie outside that layer.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	5643	1.157e+04	1.588e+04
P2	5655	1.215e+04	1.587e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	5575	1.18e+04	1.592e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	5629	1.182e+04	1.543e+04
P2 Validation	5682	1.026e+04	1.587e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

icao_standard_atmosphere_reference_height_max_wind — full-period value time series

icao_standard_atmosphere_reference_height_max_wind — spatial comparison

icao_standard_atmosphere_reference_height_max_wind — time series comparison

icao_standard_atmosphere_reference_height_max_wind — availability over append dim

`icao_standard_atmosphere_reference_height_tropopause`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	ICAO Standard Atmosphere reference height
short_name	icaht
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	Pressure altitude: the ICAO Standard Atmosphere height for this level's pressure, not its actual height, which geopotential_height_tropopause carries.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	6846	1.237e+04	1.648e+04
P2	9232	1.52e+04	1.776e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	5577	1.286e+04	1.93e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.297e+04	1.493e+04	1.616e+04
P2 Validation	1.408e+04	1.555e+04	1.636e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

icao_standard_atmosphere_reference_height_tropopause — full-period value time series

icao_standard_atmosphere_reference_height_tropopause — spatial comparison

icao_standard_atmosphere_reference_height_tropopause — time series comparison

icao_standard_atmosphere_reference_height_tropopause — availability over append dim

`ice_cover_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Ice cover (1=ice, 0=no ice)
short_name	icec
standard_name	floating_ice_area_fraction
step_type	instant
comment	The fraction of the cell covered by floating ice, taking any value between 0 and 1.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0	0
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.08691	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0	0

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

ice_cover_surface — full-period value time series

ice_cover_surface — time series comparison

ice_cover_surface — availability over append dim

`ice_growth_rate_10m_amsl`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	Ice growth rate
short_name	iceg
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	Rate of marine icing accretion on a vessel superstructure.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0	0
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	1.162e-08	4.518e-05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0	0

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

ice_growth_rate_10m_amsl — full-period value time series

ice_growth_rate_10m_amsl — spatial comparison

ice_growth_rate_10m_amsl — time series comparison

ice_growth_rate_10m_amsl — availability over append dim

`ice_temperature_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Sea ice surface temperature
short_name	sist
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	Temperature of the ice surface, covering lake ice as well as sea ice despite the source parameter name. NaN where there is no ice.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	n/a	n/a	n/a
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-47.46	-10.35	-1.562e-05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

ice_temperature_surface — full-period value time series

ice_temperature_surface — spatial comparison

ice_temperature_surface — time series comparison

ice_temperature_surface — availability over append dim

`ice_thickness_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Ice thickness
short_name	icetk
standard_name	floating_ice_thickness
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0	0
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.09598	5

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0	0

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

ice_thickness_surface — full-period value time series

ice_thickness_surface — spatial comparison

ice_thickness_surface — time series comparison

ice_thickness_surface — availability over append dim

`ice_water_mixing_ratio_model_level_1`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg kg-1`
long_name	Ice water mixing ratio
short_name	icmr
standard_name	cloud_ice_mixing_ratio
step_type	instant
comment	GFS model level 1, the lowest native hybrid sigma-pressure layer, immediately above the ground.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	3.182e-07	5.536e-05
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	1.476e-06	0.0001458

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0	0

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

ice_water_mixing_ratio_model_level_1 — full-period value time series

ice_water_mixing_ratio_model_level_1 — spatial comparison

ice_water_mixing_ratio_model_level_1 — time series comparison

ice_water_mixing_ratio_model_level_1 — availability over append dim

`instantaneous_categorical_freezing_rain_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Categorical freezing rain
short_name	cfrzr
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
flag_values	`0, 1`
flag_meanings	no yes
comment	0=no; 1=yes.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0	0
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.001576	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0	0

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

instantaneous_categorical_freezing_rain_surface — full-period value time series

instantaneous_categorical_freezing_rain_surface — spatial comparison

instantaneous_categorical_freezing_rain_surface — time series comparison

instantaneous_categorical_freezing_rain_surface — availability over append dim

`instantaneous_categorical_ice_pellets_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Categorical ice pellets
short_name	cicep
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
flag_values	`0, 1`
flag_meanings	no yes
comment	0=no; 1=yes.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0	0
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	1.926e-06	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0	0

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

instantaneous_categorical_ice_pellets_surface — full-period value time series

instantaneous_categorical_ice_pellets_surface — spatial comparison

instantaneous_categorical_ice_pellets_surface — time series comparison

instantaneous_categorical_ice_pellets_surface — availability over append dim

`instantaneous_categorical_rain_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Categorical rain
short_name	crain
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
flag_values	`0, 1`
flag_meanings	no yes
comment	0=no; 1=yes.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.0198	1
P2	0	0.401	1

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.1599	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0.01435	1
P2 Validation	0	0.4641	1

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

instantaneous_categorical_rain_surface — full-period value time series

instantaneous_categorical_rain_surface — spatial comparison

instantaneous_categorical_rain_surface — time series comparison

instantaneous_categorical_rain_surface — availability over append dim

`instantaneous_categorical_snow_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Categorical snow
short_name	csnow
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
flag_values	`0, 1`
flag_meanings	no yes
comment	0=no; 1=yes.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.009901	1
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.07444	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0	0

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

instantaneous_categorical_snow_surface — full-period value time series

instantaneous_categorical_snow_surface — spatial comparison

instantaneous_categorical_snow_surface — time series comparison

instantaneous_categorical_snow_surface — availability over append dim

`instantaneous_precipitation_convective_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2 s-1`
long_name	Convective precipitation rate
short_name	cpr
standard_name	convective_precipitation_flux
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	3.821e-06	0.0002904
P2	0	1.154e-05	0.0002344

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	1.469e-05	0.002496

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	6.506e-06	0.0006011
P2 Validation	0	2.885e-05	0.0003398

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

instantaneous_precipitation_convective_surface — full-period value time series

instantaneous_precipitation_convective_surface — spatial comparison

instantaneous_precipitation_convective_surface — time series comparison

instantaneous_precipitation_convective_surface — availability over append dim

`instantaneous_total_cloud_cover_atmosphere`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Total cloud cover
short_name	tcc
standard_name	cloud_area_fraction
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	39.41	100
P2	0	67.38	100

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	64.06	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	38.5	100
P2 Validation	0	74.11	100

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

instantaneous_total_cloud_cover_atmosphere — full-period value time series

instantaneous_total_cloud_cover_atmosphere — spatial comparison

instantaneous_total_cloud_cover_atmosphere — time series comparison

instantaneous_total_cloud_cover_atmosphere — availability over append dim

`land_sea_mask_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Land-sea mask
short_name	lsm
standard_name	land_binary_mask
step_type	instant
flag_values	`0, 1`
flag_meanings	sea land

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	1	1	1
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.3381	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1	1	1
P2 Validation	0	0	0

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

land_sea_mask_surface — full-period value time series

land_sea_mask_surface — spatial comparison

land_sea_mask_surface — time series comparison

land_sea_mask_surface — availability over append dim

`latent_heat_flux_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Latent heat flux
short_name	lhf
standard_name	surface_upward_latent_heat_flux
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-6.608	47.07	339.4
P2	16.14	153.8	344.3

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-150	68.28	837

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.9226	45.08	170.3
P2 Validation	5.559	104.5	244

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

latent_heat_flux_surface — full-period value time series

latent_heat_flux_surface — spatial comparison

latent_heat_flux_surface — time series comparison

latent_heat_flux_surface — availability over append dim

`liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_0_10cm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Liquid volumetric soil moisture (non-frozen)
short_name	soill
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	Unfrozen fraction only; volumetric_soil_moisture_0_10cm carries frozen plus liquid water. NaN over water. Over permanent land ice the value is a placeholder rather than soil moisture: near 1 on fully ice-covered cells and above about 0.5 where ice partly covers the cell.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.083	0.1497	0.339
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.02	0.4575	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.095	0.1307	0.19
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_0_10cm — full-period value time series

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_0_10cm — spatial comparison

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_0_10cm — time series comparison

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_0_10cm — availability over append dim

`liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_100_200cm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Liquid volumetric soil moisture (non-frozen)
short_name	soill
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	Unfrozen fraction only; volumetric_soil_moisture_100_200cm carries frozen plus liquid water. NaN over water. Over permanent land ice the value is a placeholder rather than soil moisture: near 1 on fully ice-covered cells and above about 0.5 where ice partly covers the cell.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.176	0.2447	0.2666
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.033	0.4948	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.23	0.23	0.23
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_100_200cm — full-period value time series

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_100_200cm — spatial comparison

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_100_200cm — time series comparison

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_100_200cm — availability over append dim

`liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_10_40cm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Liquid volumetric soil moisture (non-frozen)
short_name	soill
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	Unfrozen fraction only; volumetric_soil_moisture_10_40cm carries frozen plus liquid water. NaN over water. Over permanent land ice the value is a placeholder rather than soil moisture: near 1 on fully ice-covered cells and above about 0.5 where ice partly covers the cell.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.089	0.1547	0.268
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.02	0.474	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.103	0.1158	0.124
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_10_40cm — full-period value time series

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_10_40cm — spatial comparison

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_10_40cm — time series comparison

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_10_40cm — availability over append dim

`liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_40_100cm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Liquid volumetric soil moisture (non-frozen)
short_name	soill
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	Unfrozen fraction only; volumetric_soil_moisture_40_100cm carries frozen plus liquid water. NaN over water. Over permanent land ice the value is a placeholder rather than soil moisture: near 1 on fully ice-covered cells and above about 0.5 where ice partly covers the cell.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.087	0.1284	0.242
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.02	0.4712	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.087	0.08839	0.089
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_40_100cm — full-period value time series

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_40_100cm — spatial comparison

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_40_100cm — time series comparison

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_40_100cm — availability over append dim

`low_cloud_cover`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Low cloud cover
short_name	lcc
standard_name	cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	12.6	100
P2	0	53.23	100

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	41.52	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0.2718	27.8
P2 Validation	0	50.8	100

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

low_cloud_cover — full-period value time series

low_cloud_cover — time series comparison

low_cloud_cover — availability over append dim

`maximum_temperature_2m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Maximum temperature
short_name	tmax
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	max
comment	Maximum value over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-19.68	14.8	38.4
P2	20.34	22.67	25.36

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference at 2026-09-01T06:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-64.79	9.011	43.71
Reference	-56	9.174	43

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	21.59	33.05	41.01
P1 Reference	14.62	27.84	40.25
P2 Validation	23.8	25.16	26.16
P2 Reference	23.25	25.17	26.5

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

maximum_temperature_2m — full-period value time series

maximum_temperature_2m — spatial comparison

maximum_temperature_2m — time series comparison

maximum_temperature_2m — availability over append dim

`medium_cloud_cover`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Medium cloud cover
short_name	mcc
standard_name	cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	21.87	100
P2	0	10.29	100

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	29.98	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	20.16	100
P2 Validation	0	25.37	100

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

medium_cloud_cover — full-period value time series

medium_cloud_cover — time series comparison

medium_cloud_cover — availability over append dim

`minimum_temperature_2m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Minimum temperature
short_name	tmin
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	min
comment	Minimum value over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-19.94	13.68	36.91
P2	20.08	22.55	25.25

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference at 2026-09-01T06:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-66.78	7.004	35.92
Reference	-63	7.208	35.25

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	17.29	27.7	39.25
P1 Reference	13.81	23.12	36.75
P2 Validation	23.03	24.76	25.85
P2 Reference	23	24.82	26

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

minimum_temperature_2m — full-period value time series

minimum_temperature_2m — spatial comparison

minimum_temperature_2m — time series comparison

minimum_temperature_2m — availability over append dim

`momentum_flux_u_component_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Momentum flux, u-component
short_name	uflx
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step. Positive values are an upward flux of eastward momentum, from the surface into the atmosphere: the opposite sign convention to CF's surface_downward_eastward_stress.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-1.359	-0.01572	0.5676
P2	-0.04889	0.08482	0.3649

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-3.056	-0.008401	3.218

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.2667	-0.008396	0.2367
P2 Validation	-0.02413	0.1137	1.335

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

momentum_flux_u_component_surface — full-period value time series

momentum_flux_u_component_surface — spatial comparison

momentum_flux_u_component_surface — time series comparison

momentum_flux_u_component_surface — availability over append dim

`momentum_flux_v_component_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Momentum flux, v-component
short_name	vflx
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step. Positive values are an upward flux of northward momentum, from the surface into the atmosphere: the opposite sign convention to CF's surface_downward_northward_stress.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.8096	-0.006931	1.446
P2	-0.04459	0.03457	0.1868

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-2.365	-0.01094	2.775

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.6669	-0.1225	0.2118
P2 Validation	-1.188	0.04698	1.531

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

momentum_flux_v_component_surface — full-period value time series

momentum_flux_v_component_surface — spatial comparison

momentum_flux_v_component_surface — time series comparison

momentum_flux_v_component_surface — availability over append dim

`northward_gravity_wave_surface_stress`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Northward gravity wave surface stress
short_name	mgws
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step. Positive values are a southward gravity wave drag force on the atmosphere: the opposite sign convention to CF's atmosphere_northward_stress_due_to_gravity_wave_drag.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.004841	1.42e-05	0.004387
P2	-0.004841	1.42e-05	0.004387

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-24.27	0.003597	12.36

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.001498	2.365e-05	0.001732
P2 Validation	-0.001498	2.365e-05	0.001732

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

northward_gravity_wave_surface_stress — full-period value time series

northward_gravity_wave_surface_stress — spatial comparison

northward_gravity_wave_surface_stress — time series comparison

northward_gravity_wave_surface_stress — availability over append dim

`percent_frozen_precipitation_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Percent frozen precipitation
short_name	cpofp
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	Negative values mark no precipitation. Interpolation in the source mixes the no data value with real percentages, so unusable values span a range rather than one value and are not converted to NaN. Mask values < -0.1.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-50	-47.42	100
P2	-50	-29.97	-6.104e-06

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference at 2026-09-01T06:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-50	-32.34	100
Reference	-50	-29.9	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-50	-49.22	-6.104e-06
P1 Reference	-50	-45.93	-6.109e-06
P2 Validation	-50	-27.09	-6.104e-06
P2 Reference	-50	-31.23	-6.109e-06

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

percent_frozen_precipitation_surface — full-period value time series

percent_frozen_precipitation_surface — spatial comparison

percent_frozen_precipitation_surface — time series comparison

percent_frozen_precipitation_surface — availability over append dim

`planetary_boundary_layer_height_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Boundary layer height
short_name	blh
standard_name	atmosphere_boundary_layer_thickness
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	10.12	570.3	2636
P2	192.2	876.3	1524

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	7.508	634.4	5245

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	10.83	850	4054
P2 Validation	10.94	690	1979

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

planetary_boundary_layer_height_surface — full-period value time series

planetary_boundary_layer_height_surface — spatial comparison

planetary_boundary_layer_height_surface — time series comparison

planetary_boundary_layer_height_surface — availability over append dim

`plant_canopy_surface_water_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2`
long_name	Plant canopy surface water
short_name	cnwat
standard_name	canopy_water_amount
step_type	instant
comment	NaN over water.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.05895	0.5
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.05804	0.5

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0.03894	0.5
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

plant_canopy_surface_water_surface — full-period value time series

plant_canopy_surface_water_surface — spatial comparison

plant_canopy_surface_water_surface — time series comparison

plant_canopy_surface_water_surface — availability over append dim

`potential_evaporation_rate_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Potential evaporation rate
short_name	pevr
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	Potential evaporation demand computed by the land model, not the actual evaporative flux, so it is not bounded by available net radiation. NaN over open water.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-7.858	220.8	1243
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-34.49	132.3	3211

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.5535	383.8	1154
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

potential_evaporation_rate_surface — full-period value time series

potential_evaporation_rate_surface — spatial comparison

potential_evaporation_rate_surface — time series comparison

potential_evaporation_rate_surface — availability over append dim

`potential_temperature_0p995_sigma`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`K`
long_name	Potential temperature
short_name	pt
standard_name	air_potential_temperature
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	260.5	293.8	316.4
P2	291.3	294.2	297.4

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	230.5	284.6	338.7

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	297.5	310.5	320.2
P2 Validation	295.3	297.3	300.3

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

potential_temperature_0p995_sigma — full-period value time series

potential_temperature_0p995_sigma — spatial comparison

potential_temperature_0p995_sigma — time series comparison

potential_temperature_0p995_sigma — availability over append dim

`precipitable_water_atmosphere`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2`
long_name	Precipitable water
short_name	pwat
standard_name	atmosphere_mass_content_of_water_vapor
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	1.94	17.04	42.33
P2	15.61	27.76	54.75

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference at 2026-09-01T06:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.09009	21.11	80.48
Reference	0.1001	21.07	81

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	23.6	33.34	50.33
P1 Reference	19.38	34.36	45.5
P2 Validation	23.04	44.19	74.36
P2 Reference	23.5	42.39	74.5

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

precipitable_water_atmosphere — full-period value time series

precipitable_water_atmosphere — spatial comparison

precipitable_water_atmosphere — time series comparison

precipitable_water_atmosphere — availability over append dim

`precipitation_convective_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2 s-1`
long_name	Convective precipitation rate
short_name	cpr
standard_name	convective_precipitation_flux
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	3.694e-06	0.000199
P2	0	1.102e-05	0.0001594

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	1.472e-05	0.001123

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	8.008e-06	0.000238
P2 Validation	0	3.107e-05	0.0003259

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

precipitation_convective_surface — full-period value time series

precipitation_convective_surface — spatial comparison

precipitation_convective_surface — time series comparison

precipitation_convective_surface — availability over append dim

`precipitation_rate_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2 s-1`
long_name	Precipitation rate
short_name	prate
standard_name	precipitation_flux
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	7.05e-06	0.0005404
P2	0	1.331e-05	0.0003104

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	2.848e-05	0.01886

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	6.473e-06	0.0006008
P2 Validation	0	0.0001807	0.004732

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

precipitation_rate_surface — full-period value time series

precipitation_rate_surface — spatial comparison

precipitation_rate_surface — time series comparison

precipitation_rate_surface — availability over append dim

`pressure_0p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	air_pressure
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	9861	2.708e+04	6.05e+04
P2	8754	1.842e+04	3.942e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	5714	2.216e+04	8.224e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	9402	2.129e+04	4.302e+04
P2 Validation	9521	1.43e+04	2.754e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_0p5pvu — full-period value time series

pressure_0p5pvu — time series comparison

pressure_0p5pvu — availability over append dim

`pressure_1p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	air_pressure
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	9828	2.247e+04	4.711e+04
P2	8308	1.431e+04	3.051e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	5711	1.921e+04	8.185e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	9193	1.544e+04	2.818e+04
P2 Validation	9309	1.207e+04	1.862e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_1p5pvu — full-period value time series

pressure_1p5pvu — time series comparison

pressure_1p5pvu — availability over append dim

`pressure_1pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	air_pressure
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	9844	2.422e+04	4.836e+04
P2	8534	1.583e+04	3.312e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	5714	2.039e+04	8.21e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	9388	1.761e+04	3.443e+04
P2 Validation	9412	1.273e+04	2.277e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_1pvu — full-period value time series

pressure_1pvu — availability over append dim

`pressure_2pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	air_pressure
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	9809	2.14e+04	4.333e+04
P2	8202	1.316e+04	2.558e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	5711	1.852e+04	8.121e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	9149	1.436e+04	2.363e+04
P2 Validation	8929	1.157e+04	1.592e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_2pvu — full-period value time series

pressure_2pvu — availability over append dim

`pressure_80m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	80 metre pressure
short_name	80sp
standard_name	air_pressure
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	8.881e+04	9.22e+04	9.368e+04
P2	1.001e+05	1.008e+05	1.015e+05

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference at 2026-09-01T06:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	4.934e+04	9.571e+04	1.042e+05
Reference	5.043e+04	9.57e+04	1.027e+05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	9.124e+04	9.187e+04	9.248e+04
P1 Reference	9.126e+04	9.217e+04	9.299e+04
P2 Validation	9.743e+04	1e+05	1.007e+05
P2 Reference	9.728e+04	1.001e+05	1.007e+05

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_80m — full-period value time series

pressure_80m — availability over append dim

`pressure_convective_cloud_bottom`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	air_pressure_at_convective_cloud_base
step_type	instant
comment	NaN means the source does not provide a convective cloud base pressure at this cell; this can occur even when convective_cloud_cover is nonzero.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	5.97e+04	6.837e+04	8.253e+04
P2	8.702e+04	9.301e+04	9.906e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	4.308e+04	9.208e+04	1.018e+05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	5.479e+04	6.17e+04	6.885e+04
P2 Validation	6.652e+04	9.435e+04	9.899e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_convective_cloud_bottom — full-period value time series

pressure_convective_cloud_bottom — spatial comparison

pressure_convective_cloud_bottom — time series comparison

pressure_convective_cloud_bottom — availability over append dim

`pressure_convective_cloud_top`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	air_pressure_at_convective_cloud_top
step_type	instant
comment	NaN means the source does not provide a convective cloud top pressure at this cell; this can occur even when convective_cloud_cover is nonzero.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	2.129e+04	3.126e+04	3.852e+04
P2	4.561e+04	8.369e+04	9.168e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	8784	6.896e+04	9.75e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.586e+04	2.385e+04	2.831e+04
P2 Validation	2.253e+04	7.405e+04	9.286e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_convective_cloud_top — full-period value time series

pressure_convective_cloud_top — spatial comparison

pressure_convective_cloud_top — time series comparison

pressure_convective_cloud_top — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/absolute_vorticity`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`s-1`
long_name	Absolute vorticity
short_name	absv
standard_name	atmosphere_upward_absolute_vorticity
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h, pressure_level=500

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.0001032	8.445e-05	0.0003382
P2	-0.0001365	4.667e-05	0.0002018

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-0.001031	8.985e-07	0.002797

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.0001805	7.048e-05	0.0003958
P2 Validation	-8.13e-05	8.116e-05	0.0009334

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_level/absolute_vorticity — full-period value time series

pressure_level/absolute_vorticity — spatial comparison

pressure_level/absolute_vorticity — time series comparison

pressure_level/absolute_vorticity — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/cloud_cover`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Fraction of cloud cover
short_name	cc
standard_name	cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500
comment	Published only from 1000 to 50 hPa. The 18 levels above 50 hPa are NaN at every step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h, pressure_level=500

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	7.562	100
P2	0	1.961	80.3

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	14.01	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	4.348	98.7
P2 Validation	0	11.46	100

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_level/cloud_cover — full-period value time series

pressure_level/cloud_cover — spatial comparison

pressure_level/cloud_cover — time series comparison

pressure_level/cloud_cover — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/cloud_mixing_ratio`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg kg-1`
long_name	Cloud mixing ratio
short_name	clwmr
standard_name	cloud_liquid_water_mixing_ratio
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500
comment	Published only from 1000 to 50 hPa. The 18 levels above 50 hPa are NaN at every step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h, pressure_level=500

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	5.446e-06	0.001071
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	2.042e-06	0.001126

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	5.173e-06	0.0003111
P2 Validation	0	2.922e-05	0.0008923

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_level/cloud_mixing_ratio — full-period value time series

pressure_level/cloud_mixing_ratio — spatial comparison

pressure_level/cloud_mixing_ratio — time series comparison

pressure_level/cloud_mixing_ratio — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/geopotential_height`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h, pressure_level=500

Point	min	mean	max
P1	5301	5726	5968
P2	5726	5860	5937

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	4572	5567	5965

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	5850	5914	5964
P2 Validation	5698	5863	5916

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_level/geopotential_height — full-period value time series

pressure_level/geopotential_height — spatial comparison

pressure_level/geopotential_height — time series comparison

pressure_level/geopotential_height — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/graupel`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg kg-1`
long_name	Graupel (snow pellets)
short_name	grle
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500
comment	Published only from 1000 to 50 hPa. The 18 levels above 50 hPa are NaN at every step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h, pressure_level=500

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	1.417e-06	0.0002741
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	6.973e-07	0.005192

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	2.986e-08	5.28e-06
P2 Validation	0	1.742e-05	0.001618

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_level/graupel — full-period value time series

pressure_level/graupel — spatial comparison

pressure_level/graupel — time series comparison

pressure_level/graupel — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/ice_water_mixing_ratio`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg kg-1`
long_name	Ice water mixing ratio
short_name	icmr
standard_name	cloud_ice_mixing_ratio
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500
comment	Published only from 1000 to 50 hPa. The 18 levels above 50 hPa are NaN at every step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h, pressure_level=500

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	6.822e-06	0.0003821
P2	0	6.54e-07	4.638e-05

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	6.387e-06	0.0007403

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	2.184e-06	0.0001296
P2 Validation	0	1.286e-05	0.0002962

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_level/ice_water_mixing_ratio — full-period value time series

pressure_level/ice_water_mixing_ratio — spatial comparison

pressure_level/ice_water_mixing_ratio — time series comparison

pressure_level/ice_water_mixing_ratio — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/ozone_mixing_ratio`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg kg-1`
long_name	Ozone mixing ratio
short_name	o3mr
standard_name	mass_fraction_of_ozone_in_air
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500
comment	Not published at the 16 levels 125, 175, 225, 275, 325, 375, 425, 475, 525, 575, 625, 675, 725, 775, 825 and 875 hPa, which are NaN at every step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h, pressure_level=500

Point	min	mean	max
P1	6.195e-08	9.251e-08	1.899e-07
P2	5.122e-08	7.973e-08	1.412e-07

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	2.941e-08	8.04e-08	1.917e-07

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	5.852e-08	8.048e-08	1.003e-07
P2 Validation	4.471e-08	6.094e-08	9.393e-08

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_level/ozone_mixing_ratio — full-period value time series

pressure_level/ozone_mixing_ratio — spatial comparison

pressure_level/ozone_mixing_ratio — time series comparison

pressure_level/ozone_mixing_ratio — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/rain_mixing_ratio`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg kg-1`
long_name	Rain mixing ratio
short_name	rwmr
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500
comment	Published only from 1000 to 50 hPa. The 18 levels above 50 hPa are NaN at every step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h, pressure_level=500

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	8.713e-08	1.689e-05
P2	0	3.258e-09	9.11e-09

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	1.598e-08	0.001435

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	3.614e-09	1.92e-07
P2 Validation	0	2.166e-07	9.216e-06

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_level/rain_mixing_ratio — full-period value time series

pressure_level/rain_mixing_ratio — spatial comparison

pressure_level/rain_mixing_ratio — time series comparison

pressure_level/rain_mixing_ratio — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/relative_humidity`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h, pressure_level=500

Point	min	mean	max
P1	1.4	44.14	100
P2	0.4	21.82	98

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	49.16	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	6.5	49.13	97.9
P2 Validation	2	37.56	100

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_level/relative_humidity — full-period value time series

pressure_level/relative_humidity — spatial comparison

pressure_level/relative_humidity — time series comparison

pressure_level/relative_humidity — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/snow_mixing_ratio`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg kg-1`
long_name	Snow mixing ratio
short_name	snmr
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500
comment	Published only from 1000 to 50 hPa. The 18 levels above 50 hPa are NaN at every step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h, pressure_level=500

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	5.185e-06	0.0006659
P2	0	8.238e-08	9.72e-06

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	3.84e-06	0.001508

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	1.417e-06	9.868e-05
P2 Validation	0	3.287e-05	0.001163

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_level/snow_mixing_ratio — full-period value time series

pressure_level/snow_mixing_ratio — spatial comparison

pressure_level/snow_mixing_ratio — time series comparison

pressure_level/snow_mixing_ratio — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/specific_humidity`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Specific humidity
short_name	q
standard_name	specific_humidity
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500
comment	Not published at the 16 levels 125, 175, 225, 275, 325, 375, 425, 475, 525, 575, 625, 675, 725, 775, 825 and 875 hPa, which are NaN at every step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h, pressure_level=500

Point	min	mean	max
P1	3.098e-05	0.001037	0.005146
P2	2.24e-05	0.000881	0.003857

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	3.507e-09	0.00107	0.0077

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.0003202	0.002438	0.005209
P2 Validation	0.0001363	0.002184	0.007044

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_level/specific_humidity — full-period value time series

pressure_level/specific_humidity — spatial comparison

pressure_level/specific_humidity — time series comparison

pressure_level/specific_humidity — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/temperature`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h, pressure_level=500

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-33.43	-14.62	-0.9987
P2	-15.31	-6.677	-0.7

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-50.15	-17.92	4.3

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-7.645	-5.494	-2.663
P2 Validation	-6.561	-3.182	0.6508

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_level/temperature — full-period value time series

pressure_level/temperature — spatial comparison

pressure_level/temperature — time series comparison

pressure_level/temperature — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/vertical_velocity`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa s-1`
long_name	Vertical velocity
short_name	w
standard_name	lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h, pressure_level=500

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-2.918	0.01272	1.682
P2	-0.4087	0.03795	0.4928

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-16	0.004968	7.392

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-1.488	0.007003	1.03
P2 Validation	-5.531	-0.08159	1.822

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_level/vertical_velocity — full-period value time series

pressure_level/vertical_velocity — spatial comparison

pressure_level/vertical_velocity — time series comparison

pressure_level/vertical_velocity — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/vertical_velocity_geometric`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	Vertical velocity (geometric)
short_name	dzdt
standard_name	upward_air_velocity
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h, pressure_level=500

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.2372	-0.002657	0.4167
P2	-0.06982	-0.005726	0.0514

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-0.9147	-0.0006682	1.896

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.1467	-0.001761	0.2121
P2 Validation	-0.1828	0.01399	0.7606

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_level/vertical_velocity_geometric — full-period value time series

pressure_level/vertical_velocity_geometric — spatial comparison

pressure_level/vertical_velocity_geometric — time series comparison

pressure_level/vertical_velocity_geometric — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/wind_u`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h, pressure_level=500

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-9.149	11.62	36.97
P2	-15.34	2.248	27.41

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-48.96	5.827	64.1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-3.851	7.608	15.91
P2 Validation	-21.11	-0.7064	16.26

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_level/wind_u — full-period value time series

pressure_level/wind_u — spatial comparison

pressure_level/wind_u — time series comparison

pressure_level/wind_u — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/wind_v`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h, pressure_level=500

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-33.1	-3.871	29.94
P2	-12.61	-0.197	15.4

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-40.33	-0.1783	43.48

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-4.023	5.368	14.54
P2 Validation	-24.24	0.5111	29.93

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_level/wind_v — full-period value time series

pressure_level/wind_v — spatial comparison

pressure_level/wind_v — time series comparison

pressure_level/wind_v — availability over append dim

`pressure_max_wind`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	air_pressure
step_type	instant
comment	The source searches only 500 to 100 hPa for this level, so stronger wind can lie outside that layer.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	1.048e+04	2.153e+04	4.953e+04
P2	1.05e+04	1.991e+04	4.945e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1.041e+04	2.159e+04	4.999e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.126e+04	2.123e+04	4.963e+04
P2 Validation	1.05e+04	2.86e+04	4.927e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_max_wind — full-period value time series

pressure_max_wind — time series comparison

pressure_max_wind — availability over append dim

`pressure_minus0p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	air_pressure
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	5866	1.832e+04	7.265e+04
P2	5783	1.336e+04	3.627e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	5711	2.324e+04	8.125e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	5796	1.909e+04	7.419e+04
P2 Validation	6566	1.59e+04	7.785e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_minus0p5pvu — full-period value time series

pressure_minus0p5pvu — spatial comparison

pressure_minus0p5pvu — time series comparison

pressure_minus0p5pvu — availability over append dim

`pressure_minus1p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	air_pressure
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	5901	1.228e+04	3.682e+04
P2	5751	1.177e+04	2.789e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	5711	2.034e+04	8.186e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	5772	1.395e+04	3.963e+04
P2 Validation	6527	1.432e+04	4.437e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_minus1p5pvu — full-period value time series

pressure_minus1p5pvu — spatial comparison

pressure_minus1p5pvu — time series comparison

pressure_minus1p5pvu — availability over append dim

`pressure_minus1pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	air_pressure
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	5919	1.54e+04	7.259e+04
P2	5767	1.29e+04	5.264e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	5713	2.165e+04	8.097e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	5785	1.478e+04	4.051e+04
P2 Validation	6522	1.565e+04	7.78e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_minus1pvu — full-period value time series

pressure_minus1pvu — time series comparison

pressure_minus1pvu — availability over append dim

`pressure_minus2pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	air_pressure
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	5882	1.184e+04	2.653e+04
P2	5732	1.143e+04	4.361e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	5711	1.94e+04	7.859e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	5761	1.178e+04	3.85e+04
P2 Validation	6465	1.343e+04	2.685e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_minus2pvu — full-period value time series

pressure_minus2pvu — time series comparison

pressure_minus2pvu — availability over append dim

`pressure_of_lifted_parcel_level_255_0mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure of level from which parcel was lifted
short_name	plpl
standard_name	original_air_pressure_of_lifted_parcel
step_type	instant
comment	Clipped at the highest pressure this field encodes, near 100000 Pa, where a large fraction of cells sit. Their true pressure is at or above that ceiling, not absent.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	6.182e+04	7.58e+04	9.339e+04
P2	7.23e+04	9.762e+04	1e+05

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	2.011e+04	8.088e+04	1e+05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	6.233e+04	8.423e+04	9.316e+04
P2 Validation	6.957e+04	9.874e+04	1e+05

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_of_lifted_parcel_level_255_0mb — full-period value time series

pressure_of_lifted_parcel_level_255_0mb — spatial comparison

pressure_of_lifted_parcel_level_255_0mb — time series comparison

pressure_of_lifted_parcel_level_255_0mb — availability over append dim

`pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure reduced to MSL
short_name	prmsl
standard_name	air_pressure_at_mean_sea_level
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	9.764e+04	1.015e+05	1.041e+05
P2	1.01e+05	1.017e+05	1.024e+05

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference at 2026-09-01T06:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	9.473e+04	1.011e+05	1.079e+05
Reference	9.485e+04	1.01e+05	1.069e+05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	9.998e+04	1.008e+05	1.014e+05
P1 Reference	1.002e+05	1.012e+05	1.023e+05
P2 Validation	9.832e+04	1.01e+05	1.016e+05
P2 Reference	9.946e+04	1.01e+05	1.016e+05

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level — full-period value time series

pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level — spatial comparison

pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level — time series comparison

pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level — availability over append dim

`pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level_eta_model`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	MSLP (Eta model reduction)
short_name	mslet
standard_name	air_pressure_at_mean_sea_level
step_type	instant
comment	Mean sea level pressure computed with the Eta model reduction, an alternative to pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level that differs mainly over high terrain.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	9.759e+04	1.015e+05	1.041e+05
P2	1.01e+05	1.017e+05	1.024e+05

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	9.473e+04	1.01e+05	1.07e+05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	9.968e+04	1.006e+05	1.013e+05
P2 Validation	9.832e+04	1.01e+05	1.016e+05

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level_eta_model — full-period value time series

pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level_eta_model — spatial comparison

pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level_eta_model — time series comparison

pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level_eta_model — availability over append dim

`pressure_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Surface pressure
short_name	sp
standard_name	surface_air_pressure
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	8.964e+04	9.308e+04	9.465e+04
P2	1.01e+05	1.017e+05	1.024e+05

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference at 2026-09-01T06:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	4.982e+04	9.664e+04	1.052e+05
Reference	5.072e+04	9.663e+04	1.037e+05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	9.203e+04	9.27e+04	9.331e+04
P1 Reference	9.21e+04	9.301e+04	9.389e+04
P2 Validation	9.832e+04	1.01e+05	1.016e+05
P2 Reference	9.818e+04	1.01e+05	1.016e+05

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_surface — full-period value time series

pressure_surface — time series comparison

pressure_surface — availability over append dim

`pressure_tropopause`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	tropopause_air_pressure
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	9545	1.914e+04	4.196e+04
P2	7789	1.202e+04	2.97e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	6121	1.824e+04	4.998e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.003e+04	1.222e+04	1.658e+04
P2 Validation	9718	1.106e+04	1.392e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

pressure_tropopause — full-period value time series

pressure_tropopause — spatial comparison

pressure_tropopause — time series comparison

pressure_tropopause — availability over append dim

`rain_mixing_ratio_model_level_1`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg kg-1`
long_name	Rain mixing ratio
short_name	rwmr
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	GFS model level 1, the lowest native hybrid sigma-pressure layer, immediately above the ground.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	4.065e-07	6.376e-05
P2	0	5.253e-07	2.232e-05

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	2.674e-06	0.00267

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	2.723e-05	0.0008344

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

rain_mixing_ratio_model_level_1 — full-period value time series

rain_mixing_ratio_model_level_1 — spatial comparison

rain_mixing_ratio_model_level_1 — time series comparison

rain_mixing_ratio_model_level_1 — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_0c_isotherm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	3.1	49.94	99.9
P2	1	20.73	100

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1	63.4	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	5.4	66.92	100
P2 Validation	2	43.23	100

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

relative_humidity_0c_isotherm — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_0c_isotherm — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_0c_isotherm — time series comparison

relative_humidity_0c_isotherm — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_0p33_1_sigma`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	8.9	47.26	95
P2	21.9	40.88	96.9

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	2.6	59.11	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	28.7	50.22	82.3
P2 Validation	24.1	59.07	99.5

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

relative_humidity_0p33_1_sigma — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_0p33_1_sigma — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_0p33_1_sigma — time series comparison

relative_humidity_0p33_1_sigma — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_0p44_0p72_sigma`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	5.5	45.18	98.3
P2	1.6	21.54	96.1

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.4	50.76	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	19.7	57.87	93.2
P2 Validation	4	45.38	99.3

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

relative_humidity_0p44_0p72_sigma — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_0p44_0p72_sigma — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_0p44_0p72_sigma — time series comparison

relative_humidity_0p44_0p72_sigma — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_0p44_1_sigma`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	12.1	47.08	94.9
P2	27	48	95.1

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	2.7	62.46	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	27.5	43.24	75.6
P2 Validation	33.3	63.78	99.3

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

relative_humidity_0p44_1_sigma — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_0p44_1_sigma — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_0p44_1_sigma — time series comparison

relative_humidity_0p44_1_sigma — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_0p72_0p94_sigma`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	9.1	48.81	96.4
P2	32	58.82	98.7

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1.1	66.7	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	25.7	40.84	69
P2 Validation	41.2	71.62	100

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

relative_humidity_0p72_0p94_sigma — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_0p72_0p94_sigma — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_0p72_0p94_sigma — time series comparison

relative_humidity_0p72_0p94_sigma — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_0p995_sigma`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	10.3	50.82	98.3
P2	49.6	71.13	89.4

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	3.1	73.44	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	13.7	37.9	92
P2 Validation	58.5	81.68	95.8

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

relative_humidity_0p995_sigma — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_0p995_sigma — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_0p995_sigma — time series comparison

relative_humidity_0p995_sigma — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_120_90mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant
comment	The 120-90 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	9.4	50.14	100
P2	42.6	87.35	99.4

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1	74.92	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	20.4	36.36	74.2
P2 Validation	60.9	87.14	100

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

relative_humidity_120_90mb — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_120_90mb — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_120_90mb — time series comparison

relative_humidity_120_90mb — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_150_120mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant
comment	The 150-120 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	6.6	51.12	100
P2	18.7	83.01	99.8

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1	72.44	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	23.9	38.71	70.6
P2 Validation	48.3	83.46	99.9

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

relative_humidity_150_120mb — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_150_120mb — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_150_120mb — time series comparison

relative_humidity_150_120mb — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_180_150mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant
comment	The 180-150 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	4.9	50.18	100
P2	10	67.23	98.9

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1	68.81	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	24.4	42.07	70.8
P2 Validation	22	73.18	99.9

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

relative_humidity_180_150mb — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_180_150mb — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_180_150mb — time series comparison

relative_humidity_180_150mb — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_2m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	2 metre relative humidity
short_name	2r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	12.5	53.14	98.4
P2	56.9	75.16	90.2

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference at 2026-09-01T06:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	4	76.44	100
Reference	4.094	76.54	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	13.5	39.38	94.7
P1 Reference	17.5	55.69	99
P2 Validation	64.7	84.41	95.4
P2 Reference	66.5	84.48	95

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

relative_humidity_2m — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_2m — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_2m — time series comparison

relative_humidity_2m — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_30_0mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	8.8	49.9	97.6
P2	51.3	73.71	92.4

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	2.2	73.53	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	14.2	37.08	88
P2 Validation	60.9	83.72	97.5

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

relative_humidity_30_0mb — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_30_0mb — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_30_0mb — time series comparison

relative_humidity_30_0mb — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_60_30mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant
comment	The 60-30 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	8.6	49.11	100
P2	57.3	80.82	98.9

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1	74.91	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	15.7	35.7	92.7
P2 Validation	68.2	86.81	100

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

relative_humidity_60_30mb — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_60_30mb — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_60_30mb — time series comparison

relative_humidity_60_30mb — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_90_60mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant
comment	The 90-60 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	9.8	49.32	100
P2	60.9	86.17	98.6

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1	75.94	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	17.8	35.17	77.7
P2 Validation	65.5	87.2	100

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

relative_humidity_90_60mb — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_90_60mb — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_90_60mb — time series comparison

relative_humidity_90_60mb — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_atmosphere`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	7.1	26.45	55.5
P2	19	32.82	65.1

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.6	30.08	77.5

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	20.8	32.01	54.1
P2 Validation	24.2	44.96	73.9

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

relative_humidity_atmosphere — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_atmosphere — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_atmosphere — time series comparison

relative_humidity_atmosphere — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_highest_tropospheric_freezing_level`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	3.1	48.57	99.9
P2	1	20.73	100

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1	61.82	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	5.4	66.91	100
P2 Validation	2	43.22	100

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

relative_humidity_highest_tropospheric_freezing_level — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_highest_tropospheric_freezing_level — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_highest_tropospheric_freezing_level — time series comparison

relative_humidity_highest_tropospheric_freezing_level — availability over append dim

`sensible_heat_flux_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Sensible heat flux
short_name	shf
standard_name	surface_upward_sensible_heat_flux
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-95.45	44.21	502.4
P2	-3.703	10.1	51.36

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-161.9	8.227	570

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-80.26	61.65	375.8
P2 Validation	-18.76	1.448	18.17

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

sensible_heat_flux_surface — full-period value time series

sensible_heat_flux_surface — spatial comparison

sensible_heat_flux_surface — time series comparison

sensible_heat_flux_surface — availability over append dim

`snow_mixing_ratio_model_level_1`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg kg-1`
long_name	Snow mixing ratio
short_name	snmr
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	GFS model level 1, the lowest native hybrid sigma-pressure layer, immediately above the ground.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	6.352e-08	1.259e-05
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	7.835e-07	0.0005525

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0	0

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

snow_mixing_ratio_model_level_1 — full-period value time series

snow_mixing_ratio_model_level_1 — spatial comparison

snow_mixing_ratio_model_level_1 — time series comparison

snow_mixing_ratio_model_level_1 — availability over append dim

`snow_thickness_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Snow depth
short_name	sde
standard_name	surface_snow_thickness
step_type	instant
comment	NaN over open water.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.003028	0.09824
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.3228	2.321

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

snow_thickness_surface — full-period value time series

snow_thickness_surface — spatial comparison

snow_thickness_surface — time series comparison

snow_thickness_surface — availability over append dim

`snow_water_equivalent_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Snow depth water equivalent
short_name	sd
standard_name	lwe_thickness_of_surface_snow_amount
step_type	instant
comment	NaN over open water.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.0003415	0.009328
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.04041	0.4151

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

snow_water_equivalent_surface — full-period value time series

snow_water_equivalent_surface — spatial comparison

snow_water_equivalent_surface — time series comparison

snow_water_equivalent_surface — availability over append dim

`soil_temperature_0_10cm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Soil temperature
short_name	sot
standard_name	soil_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	NaN over open water.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-7.891	14.86	34.67
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-57.01	-0.3182	42.59

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	24.65	30.07	34.35
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

soil_temperature_0_10cm — full-period value time series

soil_temperature_0_10cm — spatial comparison

soil_temperature_0_10cm — time series comparison

soil_temperature_0_10cm — availability over append dim

`soil_temperature_100_200cm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Soil temperature
short_name	sot
standard_name	soil_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	NaN over open water.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	3.809	12.53	17.45
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-53.85	-1.823	41.14

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	15.51	15.86	16.45
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

soil_temperature_100_200cm — full-period value time series

soil_temperature_100_200cm — spatial comparison

soil_temperature_100_200cm — time series comparison

soil_temperature_100_200cm — availability over append dim

`soil_temperature_10_40cm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Soil temperature
short_name	sot
standard_name	soil_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	NaN over open water.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-1.816	13.84	24.97
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-56.63	-0.3865	44.47

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	24.87	25.44	26.36
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

soil_temperature_10_40cm — full-period value time series

soil_temperature_10_40cm — spatial comparison

soil_temperature_10_40cm — time series comparison

soil_temperature_10_40cm — availability over append dim

`soil_temperature_40_100cm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Soil temperature
short_name	sot
standard_name	soil_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	NaN over open water.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.5626	13.36	22.4
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-55.16	-0.8456	43.53

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	21.18	21.66	22.35
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

soil_temperature_40_100cm — full-period value time series

soil_temperature_40_100cm — spatial comparison

soil_temperature_40_100cm — time series comparison

soil_temperature_40_100cm — availability over append dim

`soil_type_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Soil type
short_name	slt
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	Soil texture class from the 16 category STATSGO classification used by the GFS Noah land surface model, and 0 over water. Interpolation to this grid leaves values between the integer class codes, so a value is not exactly a class number.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	4	4	4
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	3.166	16

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	4	4	4
P2 Validation	0	0	0

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

soil_type_surface — full-period value time series

soil_type_surface — time series comparison

soil_type_surface — availability over append dim

`specific_humidity_120_90mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Specific humidity
short_name	q
standard_name	specific_humidity
step_type	instant
comment	The 120-90 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.0003378	0.0053	0.01401
P2	0.006484	0.01011	0.01468

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1.355e-05	0.006249	0.01852

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.005155	0.008829	0.01258
P2 Validation	0.00948	0.01303	0.01705

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

specific_humidity_120_90mb — full-period value time series

specific_humidity_120_90mb — spatial comparison

specific_humidity_120_90mb — time series comparison

specific_humidity_120_90mb — availability over append dim

`specific_humidity_150_120mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Specific humidity
short_name	q
standard_name	specific_humidity
step_type	instant
comment	The 150-120 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.0003	0.004959	0.0131
P2	0.003337	0.009056	0.01391

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1.491e-05	0.005669	0.01767

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.005461	0.008473	0.01246
P2 Validation	0.007103	0.01196	0.01616

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

specific_humidity_150_120mb — full-period value time series

specific_humidity_150_120mb — spatial comparison

specific_humidity_150_120mb — time series comparison

specific_humidity_150_120mb — availability over append dim

`specific_humidity_180_150mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Specific humidity
short_name	q
standard_name	specific_humidity
step_type	instant
comment	The 180-150 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.0001884	0.004432	0.01275
P2	0.001206	0.007316	0.01284

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1.221e-05	0.005069	0.01694

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.005418	0.008105	0.0118
P2 Validation	0.003249	0.0104	0.01549

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

specific_humidity_180_150mb — full-period value time series

specific_humidity_180_150mb — spatial comparison

specific_humidity_180_150mb — time series comparison

specific_humidity_180_150mb — availability over append dim

`specific_humidity_2m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Specific humidity
short_name	q
standard_name	specific_humidity
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.0006429	0.006308	0.01521
P2	0.008895	0.01276	0.01777

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	4.095e-06	0.007982	0.02692

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.00592	0.01047	0.01544
P2 Validation	0.01233	0.01664	0.01974

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

specific_humidity_2m — full-period value time series

specific_humidity_2m — spatial comparison

specific_humidity_2m — time series comparison

specific_humidity_2m — availability over append dim

`specific_humidity_30_0mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Specific humidity
short_name	q
standard_name	specific_humidity
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.0007789	0.006015	0.01476
P2	0.0075	0.01173	0.01688

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	3.145e-05	0.007493	0.02401

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.005227	0.01006	0.01482
P2 Validation	0.01092	0.01567	0.01937

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

specific_humidity_30_0mb — full-period value time series

specific_humidity_30_0mb — spatial comparison

specific_humidity_30_0mb — time series comparison

specific_humidity_30_0mb — availability over append dim

`specific_humidity_60_30mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Specific humidity
short_name	q
standard_name	specific_humidity
step_type	instant
comment	The 60-30 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.0007584	0.005792	0.01419
P2	0.007399	0.01145	0.01628

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	3.527e-05	0.007227	0.02251

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.005048	0.009643	0.01412
P2 Validation	0.01083	0.01483	0.01875

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

specific_humidity_60_30mb — full-period value time series

specific_humidity_60_30mb — spatial comparison

specific_humidity_60_30mb — time series comparison

specific_humidity_60_30mb — availability over append dim

`specific_humidity_80m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Specific humidity
short_name	q
standard_name	specific_humidity
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.0007816	0.006063	0.01505
P2	0.007482	0.01173	0.01701

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	2.364e-05	0.007519	0.02426

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.005321	0.01015	0.01485
P2 Validation	0.0109	0.01575	0.01947

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

specific_humidity_80m — full-period value time series

specific_humidity_80m — spatial comparison

specific_humidity_80m — time series comparison

specific_humidity_80m — availability over append dim

`specific_humidity_90_60mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Specific humidity
short_name	q
standard_name	specific_humidity
step_type	instant
comment	The 90-60 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.0006302	0.005554	0.0141
P2	0.007381	0.01094	0.01555

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	2.14e-05	0.006821	0.01934

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.005082	0.009195	0.01345
P2 Validation	0.0104	0.01389	0.01793

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

specific_humidity_90_60mb — full-period value time series

specific_humidity_90_60mb — spatial comparison

specific_humidity_90_60mb — time series comparison

specific_humidity_90_60mb — availability over append dim

`storm_relative_helicity_3000_0m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m2 s-2`
long_name	Storm relative helicity
short_name	hlcy
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	Uses a right-moving storm motion in both hemispheres, so southern hemisphere values are positive-mean rather than mirrored.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-53.32	115.4	441.7
P2	-42.94	43.06	242

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-629.7	48.96	856.3

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-64.07	78.89	451.7
P2 Validation	-20.28	67.09	552.4

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

storm_relative_helicity_3000_0m — full-period value time series

storm_relative_helicity_3000_0m — spatial comparison

storm_relative_helicity_3000_0m — time series comparison

storm_relative_helicity_3000_0m — availability over append dim

`sunshine_duration_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`s`
long_name	Sunshine Duration
short_name	SUNSD
standard_name	duration_of_sunshine
step_type	instant
comment	Sunshine accumulated over the preceding 1-6 hours, not an instantaneous value: the total restarts every 6 hours and so reaches at most 21600 s. The source index labels it instantaneous, which is why it carries no window step type.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	1864	3600
P2	0	1800	3600

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	1.003e+04	2.16e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	7618	2.16e+04
P2 Validation	0	6194	2.16e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

sunshine_duration_surface — full-period value time series

sunshine_duration_surface — spatial comparison

sunshine_duration_surface — time series comparison

sunshine_duration_surface — availability over append dim

`surface_lifted_index_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`K`
long_name	Surface lifted index
short_name	lftx
standard_name	temperature_difference_between_ambient_air_and_air_lifted_adiabatically_from_the_surface
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-8.981	7.82	41.34
P2	-3.064	4.431	12.42

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-15.64	9.053	52.36

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-4.859	-0.2696	6.42
P2 Validation	-3.902	0.8739	8.589

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

surface_lifted_index_surface — full-period value time series

surface_lifted_index_surface — spatial comparison

surface_lifted_index_surface — time series comparison

surface_lifted_index_surface — availability over append dim

`surface_roughness_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Forecast surface roughness
short_name	fsr
standard_name	surface_roughness_length
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.2054	0.2054	0.2054
P2	1e-07	0.0001169	0.0004801

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1e-07	0.1263	2.653

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.2054	0.2054	0.2054
P2 Validation	1e-07	0.0002845	0.0028

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

surface_roughness_surface — full-period value time series

surface_roughness_surface — spatial comparison

surface_roughness_surface — time series comparison

surface_roughness_surface — availability over append dim

`temperature_0p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-67.59	-48.53	-14.65
P2	-76.22	-59.49	-24.53

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-87.67	-56.01	12.83

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-69.55	-50.29	-13.4
P2 Validation	-79.67	-67.49	-35.94

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

temperature_0p5pvu — full-period value time series

temperature_0p5pvu — time series comparison

temperature_0p5pvu — availability over append dim

`temperature_0p995_sigma`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-17.13	14.29	35.88
P2	19.31	22.07	24.92

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-60.49	8.113	42.41

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	17.38	30.23	39.23
P2 Validation	22.8	24.58	26.27

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

temperature_0p995_sigma — full-period value time series

temperature_0p995_sigma — spatial comparison

temperature_0p995_sigma — time series comparison

temperature_0p995_sigma — availability over append dim

`temperature_100m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-16.49	14.3	35.35
P2	18.78	21.53	24.55

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-53.85	8.043	41.87

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	16.97	30.18	38.71
P2 Validation	22.28	24.09	26.05

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

temperature_100m — full-period value time series

temperature_100m — time series comparison

temperature_100m — availability over append dim

`temperature_120_90mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	The 120-90 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-16.91	10.42	27.95
P2	11.77	14.81	20.2

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-51.58	4.226	36.48

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	18.02	25.44	29.73
P2 Validation	15.09	18.7	21.15

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

temperature_120_90mb — full-period value time series

temperature_120_90mb — spatial comparison

temperature_120_90mb — time series comparison

temperature_120_90mb — availability over append dim

`temperature_150_120mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	The 150-120 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-14.09	8.666	25.46
P2	9.418	13.58	21.21

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-54.14	2.896	34.05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	18.6	22.91	26.31
P2 Validation	12.89	17.53	20.13

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

temperature_150_120mb — full-period value time series

temperature_150_120mb — spatial comparison

temperature_150_120mb — time series comparison

temperature_150_120mb — availability over append dim

`temperature_180_150mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	The 180-150 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-15.43	6.9	22.98
P2	7.219	13.37	21.83

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-56.96	1.579	31.37

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	16.87	20.08	22.8
P2 Validation	11.29	16.86	19.28

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

temperature_180_150mb — full-period value time series

temperature_180_150mb — spatial comparison

temperature_180_150mb — time series comparison

temperature_180_150mb — availability over append dim

`temperature_1p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-69.17	-55.78	-33.79
P2	-80.52	-67.5	-35.58

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-87.78	-60.99	11.72

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-72.85	-61.93	-34.45
P2 Validation	-79.88	-73.54	-57.34

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

temperature_1p5pvu — full-period value time series

temperature_1p5pvu — time series comparison

temperature_1p5pvu — availability over append dim

`temperature_1pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-68.93	-53.09	-32.3
P2	-79.31	-64.61	-31.79

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-87.71	-59.15	12.09

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-70.51	-57.75	-24.02
P2 Validation	-79.81	-71.85	-46.85

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

temperature_1pvu — full-period value time series

temperature_1pvu — time series comparison

temperature_1pvu — availability over append dim

`temperature_2m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	2 metre temperature
short_name	2t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-19.69	14.16	38.44
P2	20.1	22.61	25.26

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference at 2026-09-01T06:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-66.78	8.181	43.72
Reference	-65	8.242	43.5

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	17.62	30.25	40.95
P1 Reference	14.06	25.26	40.25
P2 Validation	23.43	24.98	26.15
P2 Reference	23.12	24.97	26.38

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

temperature_2m — full-period value time series

temperature_2m — availability over append dim

`temperature_2pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-69.68	-57.11	-36.23
P2	-82.89	-69.55	-49.01

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-87.87	-62.01	8.229

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-73.01	-64.01	-44.32
P2 Validation	-79.85	-74.52	-61.67

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

temperature_2pvu — full-period value time series

temperature_2pvu — time series comparison

temperature_2pvu — availability over append dim

`temperature_30_0mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-16.29	14.18	34.85
P2	18.57	21.31	24.5

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-53.06	7.972	41.5

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	16.9	30	38.23
P2 Validation	22.02	23.87	25.96

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

temperature_30_0mb — full-period value time series

temperature_30_0mb — time series comparison

temperature_30_0mb — availability over append dim

`temperature_60_30mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	The 60-30 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-16.71	13.3	32.67
P2	16.24	18.99	23.19

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-49.66	6.986	38.65

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	16.89	28.94	35.5
P2 Validation	19.69	21.9	24.75

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

temperature_60_30mb — full-period value time series

temperature_60_30mb — spatial comparison

temperature_60_30mb — time series comparison

temperature_60_30mb — availability over append dim

`temperature_80m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	80 metre temperature
short_name	80t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-16.71	14.31	35.55
P2	18.97	21.73	24.65

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference at 2026-09-01T06:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-54.84	8.087	42.08
Reference	-55.25	8.068	41.5

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	17.19	30.21	38.98
P1 Reference	12.88	25.08	37.75
P2 Validation	22.48	24.27	26.15
P2 Reference	22.25	24.41	26.88

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

temperature_80m — full-period value time series

temperature_80m — time series comparison

temperature_80m — availability over append dim

`temperature_90_60mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	The 90-60 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-18.73	11.95	30.21
P2	13.9	16.76	21.74

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-50.05	5.623	37.87

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	17.87	27.46	32.67
P2 Validation	17.6	20.25	23.05

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

temperature_90_60mb — full-period value time series

temperature_90_60mb — spatial comparison

temperature_90_60mb — time series comparison

temperature_90_60mb — availability over append dim

`temperature_max_wind`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	The source searches only 500 to 100 hPa for this level, so stronger wind can lie outside that layer.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-68.06	-52.95	-13.17
P2	-78.43	-54.84	-2.8

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-89.87	-56	1.112

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-70.2	-50.76	-4.456
P2 Validation	-78.96	-37.58	-1.276

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

temperature_max_wind — full-period value time series

temperature_max_wind — spatial comparison

temperature_max_wind — time series comparison

temperature_max_wind — availability over append dim

`temperature_minus0p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-74.92	-54.97	-0.4706
P2	-78.62	-66.84	-24.02

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-88.18	-59.65	20.52

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-72.33	-52.25	17
P2 Validation	-78.74	-62.78	9.925

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

temperature_minus0p5pvu — full-period value time series

temperature_minus0p5pvu — spatial comparison

temperature_minus0p5pvu — time series comparison

temperature_minus0p5pvu — availability over append dim

`temperature_minus1p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-75.1	-61.21	-35.41
P2	-79.07	-69.73	-40.33

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-88.45	-65.09	15.65

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-70.62	-60.28	-17.18
P2 Validation	-78.42	-66.55	-8.842

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

temperature_minus1p5pvu — full-period value time series

temperature_minus1p5pvu — spatial comparison

temperature_minus1p5pvu — time series comparison

temperature_minus1p5pvu — availability over append dim

`temperature_minus1pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-74.95	-58.27	0.5102
P2	-78.13	-67.75	-16.14

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-88.36	-63.08	15.14

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-72.54	-58.78	-16.23
P2 Validation	-79.25	-64.73	9.839

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

temperature_minus1pvu — full-period value time series

temperature_minus1pvu — spatial comparison

temperature_minus1pvu — time series comparison

temperature_minus1pvu — availability over append dim

`temperature_minus2pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-73.54	-61.53	-42.21
P2	-79.7	-70.25	-20.9

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-88.55	-66.31	16.15

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-70.65	-63.6	-20.88
P2 Validation	-78.25	-67.74	-36.46

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

temperature_minus2pvu — full-period value time series

temperature_minus2pvu — spatial comparison

temperature_minus2pvu — time series comparison

temperature_minus2pvu — availability over append dim

`temperature_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Skin temperature
short_name	skt
standard_name	surface_temperature
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-22.05	14.78	45.87
P2	21.58	23.41	26.18

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-72.88	8.707	63.02

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	17.12	31.31	47.91
P2 Validation	24.82	25.14	27.28

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

temperature_surface — full-period value time series

temperature_surface — spatial comparison

temperature_surface — time series comparison

temperature_surface — availability over append dim

`temperature_tropopause`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	tropopause_air_temperature
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-74.33	-60.42	-41.14
P2	-82.83	-72.66	-42.84

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-89.55	-66.55	-8.202

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-73.69	-68.07	-61.71
P2 Validation	-79.82	-76.24	-69.91

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

temperature_tropopause — full-period value time series

temperature_tropopause — spatial comparison

temperature_tropopause — time series comparison

temperature_tropopause — availability over append dim

`total_cloud_cover_atmosphere`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Total cloud cover
short_name	tcc
standard_name	cloud_area_fraction
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	41.55	100
P2	0	68.05	100

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference at 2026-09-01T06:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	66.81	100
Reference	0	60.1	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	mean	max
P1 Validation	41.94	100
P1 Reference	46.15	100
P2 Validation	76.18	100
P2 Reference	53.83	100

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

total_cloud_cover_atmosphere — full-period value time series

total_cloud_cover_atmosphere — spatial comparison

total_cloud_cover_atmosphere — time series comparison

total_cloud_cover_atmosphere — availability over append dim

`total_ozone_atmosphere`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Total ozone
short_name	tozne
standard_name	equivalent_thickness_at_stp_of_atmosphere_ozone_content
step_type	instant
comment	The thickness the column's ozone would occupy as pure ozone at standard temperature and pressure; 1e-5 m is one Dobson unit.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.002425	0.003176	0.004407
P2	0.002392	0.002755	0.003201

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.001769	0.002826	0.004216

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.002611	0.002725	0.002846
P2 Validation	0.002631	0.002714	0.002791

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

total_ozone_atmosphere — full-period value time series

total_ozone_atmosphere — spatial comparison

total_ozone_atmosphere — time series comparison

total_ozone_atmosphere — availability over append dim

`total_precipitation_run_total_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2`
long_name	Total precipitation
short_name	tp
standard_name	precipitation_amount
step_type	accum
comment	Accumulated from the forecast initialization time to this step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.03156	2.875
P2	0	0.04301	1

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.6199	185.1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	5.834	13.75
P2 Validation	0	80.09	155.9

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

total_precipitation_run_total_surface — full-period value time series

total_precipitation_run_total_surface — spatial comparison

total_precipitation_run_total_surface — time series comparison

total_precipitation_run_total_surface — availability over append dim

`total_precipitation_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2`
long_name	Total precipitation
short_name	tp
standard_name	precipitation_amount
step_type	accum
comment	Accumulated over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.03156	2.875
P2	0	0.04301	1

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.6199	185.1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0.1217	5.125
P2 Validation	0	2.349	67

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

total_precipitation_surface — full-period value time series

total_precipitation_surface — spatial comparison

total_precipitation_surface — time series comparison

total_precipitation_surface — availability over append dim

`u_component_storm_motion_6000_0m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U-component storm motion
short_name	ustm
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	The Bunkers right-moving supercell motion.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-10.46	2.761	28.09
P2	-17.34	-3.015	8.299

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-44.84	1.617	43.64

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-7.652	2.591	15.73
P2 Validation	-26.53	-0.826	13.08

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

u_component_storm_motion_6000_0m — full-period value time series

u_component_storm_motion_6000_0m — spatial comparison

u_component_storm_motion_6000_0m — time series comparison

u_component_storm_motion_6000_0m — availability over append dim

`upward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Surface upward long-wave radiation flux
short_name	sulwrf
standard_name	surface_upwelling_longwave_flux_in_air
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	224.4	391.4	577.3
P2	427.3	437.9	454.3

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	96.25	365.9	614.3

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	409.5	484.1	584.8
P2 Validation	446.4	448.5	458.8

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

upward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface — full-period value time series

upward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface — spatial comparison

upward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface — time series comparison

upward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface — availability over append dim

`upward_long_wave_radiation_flux_top_of_atmosphere`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Upward long-wave radiation flux
short_name	ulwrf
standard_name	toa_outgoing_longwave_flux
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	121.3	249.6	328.7
P2	138.6	267.8	310.3

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	85.28	230.5	347.6

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	166.5	276.6	326.3
P2 Validation	141.2	259	304.2

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

upward_long_wave_radiation_flux_top_of_atmosphere — full-period value time series

upward_long_wave_radiation_flux_top_of_atmosphere — spatial comparison

upward_long_wave_radiation_flux_top_of_atmosphere — time series comparison

upward_long_wave_radiation_flux_top_of_atmosphere — availability over append dim

`upward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Surface upward short-wave radiation flux
short_name	suswrf
standard_name	surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	38.96	277.1
P2	0	14.09	43.71

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	18.47	457.1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	41.28	132.5
P2 Validation	0	13.22	53.84

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

upward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — full-period value time series

upward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — spatial comparison

upward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — time series comparison

upward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — availability over append dim

`upward_short_wave_radiation_flux_top_of_atmosphere`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Upward short-wave radiation flux
short_name	uswrf
standard_name	toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	76.14	861.4
P2	0	126.6	576.9

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	82.83	872.6

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	78.54	404
P2 Validation	0	133.5	812.9

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

upward_short_wave_radiation_flux_top_of_atmosphere — full-period value time series

upward_short_wave_radiation_flux_top_of_atmosphere — spatial comparison

upward_short_wave_radiation_flux_top_of_atmosphere — time series comparison

upward_short_wave_radiation_flux_top_of_atmosphere — availability over append dim

`uv_b_downward_solar_flux_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	UV-B downward solar flux
short_name	duvb
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Averaged over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step. The UV-B portion of the downward shortwave flux at the surface, covering 263-345 nm.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	3.42	17.82
P2	0	4.045	12.47

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	2.532	17.22

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	4.066	15.59
P2 Validation	0	3.918	16.63

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

uv_b_downward_solar_flux_surface — full-period value time series

uv_b_downward_solar_flux_surface — spatial comparison

uv_b_downward_solar_flux_surface — time series comparison

uv_b_downward_solar_flux_surface — availability over append dim

`v_component_storm_motion_6000_0m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V-component storm motion
short_name	vstm
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	The Bunkers right-moving supercell motion.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-27.22	-5.418	15.76
P2	-12.89	-7.059	5.132

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-42.46	-2.515	41.57

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-9.072	1.133	16.56
P2 Validation	-33.46	-4.375	23.37

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

v_component_storm_motion_6000_0m — full-period value time series

v_component_storm_motion_6000_0m — spatial comparison

v_component_storm_motion_6000_0m — time series comparison

v_component_storm_motion_6000_0m — availability over append dim

`vegetation_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Vegetation fraction
short_name	veg
standard_name	vegetation_area_fraction
step_type	instant
comment	NaN over water.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	13.1	31.87	48.9
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	26.05	99

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	38.4	41.41	42.8
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

vegetation_surface — full-period value time series

vegetation_surface — time series comparison

vegetation_surface — availability over append dim

`ventilation_rate_planetary_boundary_layer`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m2 s-1`
long_name	Ventilation Rate
short_name	VRATE
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	5039	4.3e+04
P2	0	7863	2.12e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	6295	1.44e+05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	7629	4.7e+04
P2 Validation	0	1.014e+04	8.1e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

ventilation_rate_planetary_boundary_layer — full-period value time series

ventilation_rate_planetary_boundary_layer — spatial comparison

ventilation_rate_planetary_boundary_layer — time series comparison

ventilation_rate_planetary_boundary_layer — availability over append dim

`vertical_speed_shear_0p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`s-1`
long_name	Vertical speed shear
short_name	vwsh
standard_name	wind_speed_shear
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.04469	0.0004796	0.02358
P2	-0.04814	-0.001996	0.02868

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-0.07818	-0.0004374	0.09582

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.01565	-6.496e-05	0.02172
P2 Validation	-0.02639	-0.0009214	0.0106

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

vertical_speed_shear_0p5pvu — full-period value time series

vertical_speed_shear_0p5pvu — spatial comparison

vertical_speed_shear_0p5pvu — time series comparison

vertical_speed_shear_0p5pvu — availability over append dim

`vertical_speed_shear_1p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`s-1`
long_name	Vertical speed shear
short_name	vwsh
standard_name	wind_speed_shear
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.0447	-0.00171	0.02347
P2	-0.04814	-0.003695	0.01286

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-0.09104	-0.001228	0.07096

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.02324	-0.00217	0.01384
P2 Validation	-0.02635	-0.0009352	0.01027

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

vertical_speed_shear_1p5pvu — full-period value time series

vertical_speed_shear_1p5pvu — spatial comparison

vertical_speed_shear_1p5pvu — time series comparison

vertical_speed_shear_1p5pvu — availability over append dim

`vertical_speed_shear_1pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`s-1`
long_name	Vertical speed shear
short_name	vwsh
standard_name	wind_speed_shear
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.0447	-0.0007763	0.02347
P2	-0.04814	-0.003202	0.01431

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-0.07822	-0.0008922	0.09578

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.01877	-0.0008868	0.02173
P2 Validation	-0.02639	-0.00125	0.01012

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

vertical_speed_shear_1pvu — full-period value time series

vertical_speed_shear_1pvu — spatial comparison

vertical_speed_shear_1pvu — time series comparison

vertical_speed_shear_1pvu — availability over append dim

`vertical_speed_shear_2pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`s-1`
long_name	Vertical speed shear
short_name	vwsh
standard_name	wind_speed_shear
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.04427	-0.002374	0.0188
P2	-0.04814	-0.003869	0.01264

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-0.09104	-0.001524	0.09596

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.02363	-0.003014	0.01386
P2 Validation	-0.02966	-0.0006361	0.01265

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

vertical_speed_shear_2pvu — full-period value time series

vertical_speed_shear_2pvu — spatial comparison

vertical_speed_shear_2pvu — time series comparison

vertical_speed_shear_2pvu — availability over append dim

`vertical_speed_shear_minus0p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`s-1`
long_name	Vertical speed shear
short_name	vwsh
standard_name	wind_speed_shear
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.01858	0.0007018	0.03114
P2	-0.02769	-0.002712	0.022

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-0.07371	-0.0001258	0.06129

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.02513	-0.001821	0.01131
P2 Validation	-0.02376	-0.0008719	0.01582

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

vertical_speed_shear_minus0p5pvu — full-period value time series

vertical_speed_shear_minus0p5pvu — spatial comparison

vertical_speed_shear_minus0p5pvu — time series comparison

vertical_speed_shear_minus0p5pvu — availability over append dim

`vertical_speed_shear_minus1p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`s-1`
long_name	Vertical speed shear
short_name	vwsh
standard_name	wind_speed_shear
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.01801	-0.002331	0.0198
P2	-0.03169	-0.003179	0.029

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-0.0772	-0.001139	0.0818

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.03242	-0.004944	0.01179
P2 Validation	-0.02376	-0.0007825	0.02366

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

vertical_speed_shear_minus1p5pvu — full-period value time series

vertical_speed_shear_minus1p5pvu — spatial comparison

vertical_speed_shear_minus1p5pvu — time series comparison

vertical_speed_shear_minus1p5pvu — availability over append dim

`vertical_speed_shear_minus1pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`s-1`
long_name	Vertical speed shear
short_name	vwsh
standard_name	wind_speed_shear
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.01801	-0.001125	0.0198
P2	-0.02769	-0.003196	0.029

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-0.07368	-0.0006614	0.07732

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.032	-0.004125	0.0119
P2 Validation	-0.02176	-0.001001	0.01566

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

vertical_speed_shear_minus1pvu — full-period value time series

vertical_speed_shear_minus1pvu — spatial comparison

vertical_speed_shear_minus1pvu — time series comparison

vertical_speed_shear_minus1pvu — availability over append dim

`vertical_speed_shear_minus2pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`s-1`
long_name	Vertical speed shear
short_name	vwsh
standard_name	wind_speed_shear
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.01679	-0.002536	0.0198
P2	-0.03169	-0.003238	0.03

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-0.08273	-0.001444	0.08127

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.03242	-0.006043	0.008857
P2 Validation	-0.02332	-0.001099	0.02366

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

vertical_speed_shear_minus2pvu — full-period value time series

vertical_speed_shear_minus2pvu — spatial comparison

vertical_speed_shear_minus2pvu — time series comparison

vertical_speed_shear_minus2pvu — availability over append dim

`vertical_speed_shear_tropopause`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`s-1`
long_name	Vertical speed shear
short_name	vwsh
standard_name	wind_speed_shear
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.0434	-0.001771	0.02126
P2	-0.04181	-0.002648	0.02401

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-0.07682	-0.00106	0.07318

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.01366	-0.002459	0.01517
P2 Validation	-0.01967	0.0003883	0.01221

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

vertical_speed_shear_tropopause — full-period value time series

vertical_speed_shear_tropopause — spatial comparison

vertical_speed_shear_tropopause — time series comparison

vertical_speed_shear_tropopause — availability over append dim

`vertical_velocity_0p995_sigma`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa s-1`
long_name	Vertical velocity
short_name	w
standard_name	lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.2122	0.007487	0.3122
P2	-0.03427	0.001492	0.0444

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-5.157	0.0288	9.89

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.2132	0.0291	0.2081
P2 Validation	-0.2493	-0.006372	0.04531

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

vertical_velocity_0p995_sigma — full-period value time series

vertical_velocity_0p995_sigma — spatial comparison

vertical_velocity_0p995_sigma — time series comparison

vertical_velocity_0p995_sigma — availability over append dim

`visibility_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Visibility
short_name	vis
standard_name	visibility_in_air
step_type	instant
comment	Clipped at the maximum visibility this field encodes, about 24 km, where a large fraction of cells sit. The true visibility there is at least that far, not absent.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	176.3	2.356e+04	2.414e+04
P2	1.018e+04	2.386e+04	2.414e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	21.18	2.048e+04	2.414e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	5362	2.389e+04	2.414e+04
P2 Validation	1873	2.185e+04	2.414e+04

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

visibility_surface — full-period value time series

visibility_surface — time series comparison

visibility_surface — availability over append dim

`volumetric_soil_moisture_0_10cm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Volumetric soil moisture
short_name	vsw
standard_name	volume_fraction_of_condensed_water_in_soil
step_type	instant
comment	NaN over water. Over permanent land ice the value is a placeholder rather than soil moisture: near 1 on fully ice-covered cells and above about 0.5 where ice partly covers the cell.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.083	0.1522	0.339
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.02	0.4583	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.095	0.1307	0.19
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

volumetric_soil_moisture_0_10cm — full-period value time series

volumetric_soil_moisture_0_10cm — spatial comparison

volumetric_soil_moisture_0_10cm — time series comparison

volumetric_soil_moisture_0_10cm — availability over append dim

`volumetric_soil_moisture_100_200cm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Volumetric soil moisture
short_name	vsw
standard_name	volume_fraction_of_condensed_water_in_soil
step_type	instant
comment	NaN over water. Over permanent land ice the value is a placeholder rather than soil moisture: near 1 on fully ice-covered cells and above about 0.5 where ice partly covers the cell.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.176	0.2449	0.2666
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.033	0.5199	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.23	0.23	0.23
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

volumetric_soil_moisture_100_200cm — full-period value time series

volumetric_soil_moisture_100_200cm — spatial comparison

volumetric_soil_moisture_100_200cm — time series comparison

volumetric_soil_moisture_100_200cm — availability over append dim

`volumetric_soil_moisture_10_40cm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Volumetric soil moisture
short_name	vsw
standard_name	volume_fraction_of_condensed_water_in_soil
step_type	instant
comment	NaN over water. Over permanent land ice the value is a placeholder rather than soil moisture: near 1 on fully ice-covered cells and above about 0.5 where ice partly covers the cell.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.089	0.1562	0.333
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.02	0.4746	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.103	0.1158	0.124
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

volumetric_soil_moisture_10_40cm — full-period value time series

volumetric_soil_moisture_10_40cm — spatial comparison

volumetric_soil_moisture_10_40cm — time series comparison

volumetric_soil_moisture_10_40cm — availability over append dim

`volumetric_soil_moisture_40_100cm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Volumetric soil moisture
short_name	vsw
standard_name	volume_fraction_of_condensed_water_in_soil
step_type	instant
comment	NaN over water. Over permanent land ice the value is a placeholder rather than soil moisture: near 1 on fully ice-covered cells and above about 0.5 where ice partly covers the cell.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.087	0.1287	0.242
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.02	0.4755	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.087	0.08839	0.089
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

volumetric_soil_moisture_40_100cm — full-period value time series

volumetric_soil_moisture_40_100cm — spatial comparison

volumetric_soil_moisture_40_100cm — time series comparison

volumetric_soil_moisture_40_100cm — availability over append dim

`water_runoff_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2`
long_name	Water runoff
short_name	watr
standard_name	runoff_amount
step_type	accum
comment	Accumulated over the preceding 1-6 hours of forecast lead time, since the last lead time divisible by 6 before this step. NaN over water.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.003416	0.3856
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.1277	88.88

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0.003633	0.1488
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

water_runoff_surface — full-period value time series

water_runoff_surface — spatial comparison

water_runoff_surface — time series comparison

water_runoff_surface — availability over append dim

`wilting_point_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Wilting point
short_name	wilt
standard_name	volume_fraction_of_condensed_water_in_soil_at_wilting_point
step_type	instant
comment	NaN over water.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.0836	0.0836	0.0836
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.0118	0.0562	0.3967

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.0836	0.0836	0.0836
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wilting_point_surface — full-period value time series

wilting_point_surface — spatial comparison

wilting_point_surface — time series comparison

wilting_point_surface — availability over append dim

`wind_gust_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	Wind speed (gust)
short_name	gust
standard_name	wind_speed_of_gust
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.702	7.283	23.61
P2	1.716	8.045	15.31

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference at 2026-09-01T06:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.01509	8.205	49.02
Reference	0.02612	8.015	57.5

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.7047	7.432	17.91
P1 Reference	1.094	7.414	16.5
P2 Validation	0.9009	11.19	36.73
P2 Reference	0.9219	9.852	31.5

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_gust_surface — full-period value time series

wind_gust_surface — time series comparison

wind_gust_surface — availability over append dim

`wind_u_0p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-24.39	18.85	58
P2	-13.82	13.02	57.55

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-42.03	7.36	92.57

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-3.228	18.7	36.42
P2 Validation	-13.99	0.4072	26.37

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_u_0p5pvu — full-period value time series

wind_u_0p5pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_u_0p995_sigma`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-8.75	0.1613	17.52
P2	-16.07	-7.411	5.39

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-49.39	0.07177	41.69

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-10.32	0.01676	6.207
P2 Validation	-26.79	-5.72	4.559

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_u_0p995_sigma — full-period value time series

wind_u_0p995_sigma — time series comparison

wind_u_0p995_sigma — availability over append dim

`wind_u_100m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	100 metre U wind component
short_name	100u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-9.317	0.3022	19.41
P2	-16.15	-7.494	5.421

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference at 2026-09-01T06:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-51.73	0.03631	43.54
Reference	-45	0.05162	37

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-11.33	0.05588	6.733
P1 Reference	-10.88	-1.789	9.75
P2 Validation	-27.91	-5.957	4.987
P2 Reference	-12.75	-5.335	16

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_u_100m — full-period value time series

wind_u_100m — availability over append dim

`wind_u_10m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	10 metre U wind component
short_name	10u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-7.001	0.06096	13.29
P2	-13.7	-6.633	4.932

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference at 2026-09-01T06:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-43.55	0.08089	37.17
Reference	-47	0.06504	34.5

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-7.357	-0.008787	5.033
P1 Reference	-7.25	-1.301	6.5
P2 Validation	-23.44	-4.891	3.875
P2 Reference	-9.875	-4.383	13.88

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_u_10m — full-period value time series

wind_u_10m — availability over append dim

`wind_u_120_90mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	The 120-90 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-10.16	3.234	27.22
P2	-16.85	-7.339	5.664

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-53	0.9535	46.6

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-8.562	2.899	14.94
P2 Validation	-29.87	-6.445	7.366

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_u_120_90mb — full-period value time series

wind_u_120_90mb — time series comparison

wind_u_120_90mb — availability over append dim

`wind_u_150_120mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	The 150-120 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-9.093	4.328	24.25
P2	-17	-6.772	6.261

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-52.54	1.317	46.86

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-4.766	3.454	15.08
P2 Validation	-34.2	-6.102	7.493

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_u_150_120mb — full-period value time series

wind_u_150_120mb — time series comparison

wind_u_150_120mb — availability over append dim

`wind_u_180_150mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	The 180-150 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-8.297	5.331	22.46
P2	-17.09	-5.821	7.253

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-53.62	1.729	46.38

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-4.356	3.863	13.44
P2 Validation	-34.77	-5.408	7.799

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_u_180_150mb — full-period value time series

wind_u_180_150mb — time series comparison

wind_u_180_150mb — availability over append dim

`wind_u_1p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-22.92	20.45	64.07
P2	-13.99	12.98	60.24

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-41.53	6.184	92.37

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-5.36	18.44	36.37
P2 Validation	-13.77	-1.102	25.41

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_u_1p5pvu — full-period value time series

wind_u_1p5pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_u_1pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-24.15	20.06	63.61
P2	-13.46	13.33	62.66

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-41.83	6.582	92.37

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-5.818	18.71	36.65
P2 Validation	-13.24	-0.2061	26.92

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_u_1pvu — full-period value time series

wind_u_1pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_u_20m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-7.388	0.1098	14.38
P2	-14.44	-6.868	5.068

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-43.36	0.07825	37.05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-8.062	0.01807	5.326
P2 Validation	-23.58	-5.13	4.085

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_u_20m — full-period value time series

wind_u_20m — availability over append dim

`wind_u_2pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-21.92	20.62	65.11
P2	-14.09	12.12	58.99

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-41.33	5.88	91.07

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-5.339	18.09	35.76
P2 Validation	-14	-1.985	25.09

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_u_2pvu — full-period value time series

wind_u_2pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_u_30_0mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-9.878	0.3851	19.54
P2	-15.98	-7.427	5.375

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-51.66	0.05333	43.24

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-11.62	0.1689	7.319
P2 Validation	-27.61	-5.934	5.226

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_u_30_0mb — full-period value time series

wind_u_30_0mb — availability over append dim

`wind_u_30m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-8.01	0.1422	15.86
P2	-15.14	-7.097	5.211

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-45.83	0.07119	38.94

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-8.98	0.01523	5.689
P2 Validation	-24.9	-5.373	4.278

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_u_30m — full-period value time series

wind_u_30m — availability over append dim

`wind_u_40m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-8.287	0.1655	16.6
P2	-15.48	-7.221	5.272

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-47.38	0.05991	40.21

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-9.567	0.01673	5.904
P2 Validation	-25.72	-5.526	4.42

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_u_40m — full-period value time series

wind_u_40m — availability over append dim

`wind_u_50m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-8.495	0.195	17.25
P2	-15.67	-7.299	5.321

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-48.42	0.05329	41.11

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-9.955	0.0168	6.043
P2 Validation	-26.28	-5.632	4.532

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_u_50m — full-period value time series

wind_u_50m — availability over append dim

`wind_u_60_30mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	The 60-30 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-11.16	1.147	24.02
P2	-16.58	-7.674	5.484

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-55.06	0.2893	44.64

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-17.11	1.083	13.15
P2 Validation	-28.54	-6.532	7.141

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_u_60_30mb — full-period value time series

wind_u_60_30mb — availability over append dim

`wind_u_80m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	80 metre U wind component
short_name	80u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-8.962	0.2611	18.74
P2	-16.02	-7.445	5.402

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference at 2026-09-01T06:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-50.77	0.03999	42.88
Reference	-44.5	0.05618	36.5

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-10.9	0.03107	6.405
P1 Reference	-10.5	-1.746	9.625
P2 Validation	-27.47	-5.86	4.837
P2 Reference	-12.62	-5.243	15.88

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_u_80m — full-period value time series

wind_u_80m — availability over append dim

`wind_u_90_60mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	The 90-60 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-9.87	2.104	25.86
P2	-16.62	-7.628	5.488

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-53.76	0.6256	45.04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-14.63	2.198	14.8
P2 Validation	-26.58	-6.622	7.438

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_u_90_60mb — full-period value time series

wind_u_90_60mb — availability over append dim

`wind_u_max_wind`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	The source searches only 500 to 100 hPa for this level, so stronger wind can lie outside that layer.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-24.25	26.46	65.6
P2	-21.07	18.6	65.95

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-50	13.85	95.7

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-6.107	23.61	38.81
P2 Validation	-21.72	1.261	29.89

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_u_max_wind — full-period value time series

wind_u_max_wind — time series comparison

wind_u_max_wind — availability over append dim

`wind_u_minus0p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-1.762	15.45	45.76
P2	-18.05	11.34	45.66

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-45.5	9.791	93.4

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-6.464	14.17	30.53
P2 Validation	-14.36	-0.6146	28.79

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_u_minus0p5pvu — full-period value time series

wind_u_minus0p5pvu — time series comparison

wind_u_minus0p5pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_u_minus1p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-4.299	14.99	44.33
P2	-18.04	11.76	46.83

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-42.74	9.976	93.16

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.8934	13.36	28.3
P2 Validation	-14.37	-0.1449	25.83

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_u_minus1p5pvu — full-period value time series

wind_u_minus1p5pvu — time series comparison

wind_u_minus1p5pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_u_minus1pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.2582	15.2	45.41
P2	-18.08	11.56	46.49

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-43.79	9.763	92.71

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-6.456	12.88	28.93
P2 Validation	-14.3	-0.4352	27.65

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_u_minus1pvu — full-period value time series

wind_u_minus1pvu — time series comparison

wind_u_minus1pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_u_minus2pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-4.806	14.52	31.96
P2	-18.12	11.92	55.35

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-43.13	10.15	92.07

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.8365	12.57	27.42
P2 Validation	-14.37	2.924	25.15

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_u_minus2pvu — full-period value time series

wind_u_minus2pvu — time series comparison

wind_u_minus2pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_u_planetary_boundary_layer`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	The mean wind through the depth of the planetary boundary layer, not the wind at its top.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-10.13	0.4591	24.19
P2	-16.54	-7.566	5.48

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-51.46	0.08472	43.54

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-13.78	0.4371	9.234
P2 Validation	-25.95	-6.576	5.76

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_u_planetary_boundary_layer — full-period value time series

wind_u_planetary_boundary_layer — spatial comparison

wind_u_planetary_boundary_layer — time series comparison

wind_u_planetary_boundary_layer — availability over append dim

`wind_u_tropopause`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-19.82	20.16	62.81
P2	-18.21	10.05	64.78

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-41.77	9.951	85.83

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.6303	18.37	34.59
P2 Validation	-15.62	-2.878	24.52

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_u_tropopause — full-period value time series

wind_u_tropopause — time series comparison

wind_u_tropopause — availability over append dim

`wind_v_0p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-47.89	-3.621	46.47
P2	-41.09	1.538	38.86

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-80.14	-0.5276	76.96

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-20.08	5.143	22.4
P2 Validation	-9.305	0.5832	11.5

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_v_0p5pvu — full-period value time series

wind_v_0p5pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_v_0p995_sigma`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-17.37	0.6985	13.16
P2	-11.02	-2.956	4.053

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-47.17	0.5904	43.74

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-7.757	3.778	11.95
P2 Validation	-32.46	-2.967	21.96

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_v_0p995_sigma — full-period value time series

wind_v_0p995_sigma — time series comparison

wind_v_0p995_sigma — availability over append dim

`wind_v_100m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	100 metre V wind component
short_name	100v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-19.62	0.7872	14.59
P2	-11.41	-2.963	4.07

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference at 2026-09-01T06:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-49.89	0.5797	46.23
Reference	-37	0.576	43.5

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-10.33	4.375	13.19
P1 Reference	-10.25	2.994	13.5
P2 Validation	-34.17	-2.929	23.77
P2 Reference	-28	-1.729	25.75

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_v_100m — full-period value time series

wind_v_100m — availability over append dim

`wind_v_10m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	10 metre V wind component
short_name	10v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-13.26	0.5258	10.02
P2	-9.587	-2.684	3.607

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference at 2026-09-01T06:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-40.55	0.5057	37.17
Reference	-36.5	0.5306	41.5

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-4.817	2.784	9.447
P1 Reference	-7	1.828	10
P2 Validation	-27.52	-2.726	17.6
P2 Reference	-21.25	-1.667	23.5

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_v_10m — full-period value time series

wind_v_10m — availability over append dim

`wind_v_120_90mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	The 120-90 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-30.37	0.1945	17.08
P2	-10.62	-2.121	4.005

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-53.63	0.3245	51.77

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-7.317	7.413	19.41
P2 Validation	-38.21	-0.9826	32.12

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_v_120_90mb — full-period value time series

wind_v_120_90mb — time series comparison

wind_v_120_90mb — availability over append dim

`wind_v_150_120mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	The 150-120 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-32.17	-0.2023	17.48
P2	-8.597	-1.718	3.443

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-51.89	0.2517	50.51

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-6.48	7.399	16.51
P2 Validation	-37.45	-0.5162	31.46

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_v_150_120mb — full-period value time series

wind_v_150_120mb — time series comparison

wind_v_150_120mb — availability over append dim

`wind_v_180_150mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	The 180-150 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-29.69	-0.5885	18.39
P2	-6.976	-1.314	4.168

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-50.21	0.1307	48.69

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-5.347	7.463	15.64
P2 Validation	-35.71	-0.09243	34.01

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_v_180_150mb — full-period value time series

wind_v_180_150mb — time series comparison

wind_v_180_150mb — availability over append dim

`wind_v_1p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-46.64	-3.214	42.89
P2	-24.02	1.215	27.95

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-81.22	-0.4477	74.98

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-16.32	4.503	23.65
P2 Validation	-8.831	0.01421	10.52

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_v_1p5pvu — full-period value time series

wind_v_1p5pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_v_1pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-46.26	-3.472	43.02
P2	-33.44	1.46	35.06

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-81.03	-0.4747	75.37

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-17.31	4.539	23.23
P2 Validation	-10.36	0.1871	11

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_v_1pvu — full-period value time series

wind_v_1pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_v_20m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-14.42	0.5594	10.77
P2	-10	-2.756	3.745

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-41.15	0.5264	37.82

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-5.569	3.063	10.17
P2 Validation	-28.39	-2.764	18.91

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_v_20m — full-period value time series

wind_v_20m — availability over append dim

`wind_v_2pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-47.35	-3.013	42.93
P2	-25.27	0.9496	24.29

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-81.3	-0.4278	74.6

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-14.34	4.226	23.49
P2 Validation	-8.353	-0.0322	10.16

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_v_2pvu — full-period value time series

wind_v_2pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_v_30_0mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-19.75	0.8396	14.96
P2	-11.33	-2.927	4.038

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-50.03	0.5376	46.42

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-10.86	4.691	14.28
P2 Validation	-34	-2.85	23.76

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_v_30_0mb — full-period value time series

wind_v_30_0mb — availability over append dim

`wind_v_30m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-15.85	0.6069	11.51
P2	-10.43	-2.839	3.882

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-43.62	0.5533	40.26

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-6.447	3.345	10.86
P2 Validation	-30.06	-2.849	20.17

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_v_30m — full-period value time series

wind_v_30m — availability over append dim

`wind_v_40m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-16.64	0.6507	12.25
P2	-10.69	-2.883	3.945

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-45.24	0.5656	41.79

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-7.145	3.564	11.35
P2 Validation	-31.13	-2.891	21.02

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_v_40m — full-period value time series

wind_v_40m — availability over append dim

`wind_v_50m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-17.37	0.679	12.77
P2	-10.88	-2.911	3.978

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-46.4	0.5731	42.83

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-7.737	3.73	11.66
P2 Validation	-31.87	-2.913	21.64

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_v_50m — full-period value time series

wind_v_50m — availability over append dim

`wind_v_60_30mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	The 60-30 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-24.52	0.9528	19.77
P2	-12.06	-2.862	4.162

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-54.66	0.4129	51.44

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-11.63	6.622	18.87
P2 Validation	-37.41	-2.373	28.67

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_v_60_30mb — full-period value time series

wind_v_60_30mb — availability over append dim

`wind_v_80m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	80 metre V wind component
short_name	80v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-18.88	0.7538	14.01
P2	-11.25	-2.953	4.057

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference at 2026-09-01T06:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-48.88	0.5808	45.21
Reference	-36.5	0.5782	43

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-9.427	4.146	12.53
P1 Reference	-9.75	2.826	13.25
P2 Validation	-33.47	-2.936	23.09
P2 Reference	-27.5	-1.75	25.5

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_v_80m — full-period value time series

wind_v_80m — availability over append dim

`wind_v_90_60mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	The 90-60 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-27.05	0.5955	20.56
P2	-12	-2.536	4.191

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-54.69	0.3614	52.21

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-7.163	7.273	19.65
P2 Validation	-38.43	-1.636	31.52

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_v_90_60mb — full-period value time series

wind_v_90_60mb — availability over append dim

`wind_v_max_wind`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	The source searches only 500 to 100 hPa for this level, so stronger wind can lie outside that layer.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-60.55	-2.793	56.16
P2	-50.3	0.2337	38.88

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-82.3	-0.7413	78.2

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-21.38	6.531	23.83
P2 Validation	-31.57	2.258	29.64

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_v_max_wind — full-period value time series

wind_v_max_wind — time series comparison

wind_v_max_wind — availability over append dim

`wind_v_minus0p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-34.3	0.1307	22.97
P2	-28.93	1.358	22.47

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-76.33	-0.2519	76.07

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-15.58	3.075	13.2
P2 Validation	-20.66	1.09	19.8

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_v_minus0p5pvu — full-period value time series

wind_v_minus0p5pvu — time series comparison

wind_v_minus0p5pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_v_minus1p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-34.44	0.3443	21.93
P2	-27.86	1.676	22.23

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-78.1	-0.1443	76.6

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-13.36	3.72	15.13
P2 Validation	-21.75	0.4534	14.94

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_v_minus1p5pvu — full-period value time series

wind_v_minus1p5pvu — time series comparison

wind_v_minus1p5pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_v_minus1pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-34.4	0.4674	22.02
P2	-28.7	1.788	22.37

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-76.77	-0.1823	75.53

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-15.03	3.368	17.54
P2 Validation	-21.79	0.7134	15.92

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_v_minus1pvu — full-period value time series

wind_v_minus1pvu — time series comparison

wind_v_minus1pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_v_minus2pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-47.23	-0.6112	21.93
P2	-35.68	1.433	22.08

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-79.41	-0.1374	76.69

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-11.13	4.095	16.46
P2 Validation	-7.024	1.451	13.95

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_v_minus2pvu — full-period value time series

wind_v_minus2pvu — time series comparison

wind_v_minus2pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_v_planetary_boundary_layer`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	The mean wind through the depth of the planetary boundary layer, not the wind at its top.

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-26.43	0.6397	18.21
P2	-11.32	-2.786	4.171

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-50.7	0.7623	49.3

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-10.53	4.773	16.22
P2 Validation	-36.3	-2.444	30.11

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_v_planetary_boundary_layer — full-period value time series

wind_v_planetary_boundary_layer — spatial comparison

wind_v_planetary_boundary_layer — time series comparison

wind_v_planetary_boundary_layer — availability over append dim

`wind_v_tropopause`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2021-05-01T00:00 - 2026-09-17T18:00, sampled lead=1h

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-54.01	-2.858	50.13
P2	-22.6	1.615	33.65

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=6h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-70.7	-0.147	69.3

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-13.61	4.47	20.98
P2 Validation	-9.568	0.4456	9.211

Availability — 7864 of 7864 positions complete

wind_v_tropopause — full-period value time series

wind_v_tropopause — time series comparison

wind_v_tropopause — availability over append dim