Catalog > NOAA GEFS forecast, 16 day, 0.5 degree, virtual > Validation report

NOAA GEFS forecast, 16 day, 0.5 degree, virtual validation report

This dataset validation report plots a sample of values from the NOAA GEFS forecast, 16 day, 0.5 degree, virtual dataset over time and across space, comparing where possible to a previously validated reference dataset. It also reports the quantity of unavailable values and their associated timestamps. These analyses are one layer of a multi-layered dataset validation process we perform at dynamical.org and also provide users a preview of the dataset contents.

Report generation start time: 2026-09-19T22:33:54 UTC

Summary

This dataset has been reviewed and is ready for use. Source files are missing at 76 initialisation times, and a few variables need care in how they are read; both are detailed in the review notes below.

What looks good

All 268 variables pass the data quality checklist — geometry, units, physical ranges, histogram overlap with the reference, diurnal phase and full-period stability.
Completeness is exhaustive and near-total: 8,643 of 8,719 init times carry every one of their expected source files.
Decode health is clean: 804,660 sampled references decoded with no error and no all-NaN variable.
The coordinate axes are confirmed by physics, not just by metadata. Absolute vorticity tracks the Coriolis parameter with correlation 0.997 and changes sign at the equator; each potential-vorticity surface is populated mainly in the hemisphere where its sign occurs; a Quasi-Biennial Oscillation with the correct ~28-month period and downward phase propagation appears in the equatorial isentropic winds; the semidiurnal atmospheric tide appears independently in surface pressure, all three mean-sea-level products, 500 mb height and the Montgomery streamfunction.
Chunk references are correctly aligned. One frontal passage appears coherently across six independently stored model_level variables, and the 457 m height-above-sea-level surface masks terrain above 457 m exactly.
No unit, scale or sign errors. Total ozone spans 198–400 DU and shows the developing Antarctic hole, and relative and specific humidity agree to three significant figures when recomputed through saturation vapour pressure.
Every documented convention matches the data, with no partial normalization anywhere: the 20,000 m no-cloud-ceiling marker, the 24,100 m visibility clip, the negative no-precipitation marker in percent frozen precipitation, the 1.0 permanent-land-ice placeholder in soil moisture, and the negative sign convention of convective inhibition.

Review notes

Unavailable data

Source files are missing at 76 initialisation times. The variables a missing file carries are NaN at that member and lead time; see unavailable_timestamps.txt for the per-position counts.
- 71 of them fall between 2020-10-01 and 2021-03-31, 26 missing 100 or more files and 2020-11-14T00 missing 1,299.
- 2023-05-22T18 — 2,107 files, the whole pgrb2b product for that run.
- 2022-09-21T06 — 69 files, at lead times 120 to 132 hours for most ensemble members and 147, 150 and 153 hours for the control member.
- 2026-04-29T12 and 2026-07-20T00 — 2 and 32 files.
- 2021-06-11T12 — 2 files.
five_wave_geopotential_height_500mb is NaN for eight further fields, where the source published the file without that record: run 2023-04-26T12 UTC at lead 240 h for members 11, 12, 16, 18, 20 and 22 and at lead 288 h for member 0; run 2025-07-01T18 UTC at lead 24 h for member 28. Every other variable is present there.

Values that are present but need care

From 2026-01-31 the deepest soil layers change behaviour at some mid-latitude land points. The 100–200 cm temperature and moisture fields step abruptly and then alternate between interleaved sub-series on a four-day cycle. This is present in the source GEFS files and the archive reproduces it.

Sampling and coverage of these checks

Neither the availability table nor the decode scan covers pressure_level/icing_probability and pressure_level/icing_severity. Both probe each group variable at its middle level, 350 mb, and icing is published only at 800, 700, 600, 500, 400 and 300 mb, so the scan skips the two variables rather than counting them. They were checked separately at 500 mb: 259,920 of 259,920 cells decode finite for both, probability spanning 0–1 and severity taking only integers within its declared flags.
The pressure_level plots in this report sample 500 mb, which is inside the range where ozone_mixing_ratio is not published (450–1000 mb), so its panels are blank by design; the variable decodes correctly at the levels the source publishes.

Datasets

Role	Name	ID	Version	URL
Validation	NOAA GEFS forecast, 16 day, 0.5 degree, virtual	`noaa-gefs-forecast-16-day-0-5-degree-virtual`	`v0.1.0`	`s3://dynamical-noaa-gefs/noaa-gefs-forecast-16-day-0-5-degree-virtual/v0.1.0.icechunk`
Reference	NOAA GEFS analysis	`noaa-gefs-analysis`	`0.1.2`	`s3://dynamical-noaa-gefs/noaa-gefs-analysis/v0.1.2.icechunk/`

Run parameters

Parameter	Value
Validation dataset type	forecast
Validation time range	init_time 2020-10-01T00:00 → 2026-09-19T12:00
Reference time range	time 2000-01-01T00:00 → 2026-09-19T18:00
Point 1	lat=40.0000, lon=-100.0000
Point 2	lat=0.0000, lon=-140.0000
Ensemble member	2
Spatial comparison time	init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference at 2026-09-15T12:00)
Timeseries period	init=2026-09-01T00:00
Vertical level	override 500
Store type	virtual — availability manifest-probed; value series sampled

Availability

The plot below shows the availability of each variable over time — light red marks unavailable data, dark green marks present data.

availability heatmap

Variable	Complete positions	Incomplete %	First incomplete	Last incomplete

Availability was not assessed for pressure_level/icing_probability and pressure_level/icing_severity: the probe reads each group variable at its middle level, 350 mb, and icing is published only at 800, 700, 600, 500, 400 and 300 mb. See "Sampling and coverage of these checks" above.

Unavailable timestamps: unavailable_timestamps.txt

Decode health

804660 references decoded successfully, sampled across 20 of 8719 append-dim regions, 5 leads and 3 levels per group variable.

Per-variable details

`albedo_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Forecast albedo
short_name	fal
standard_name	surface_albedo
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours). Exactly 0 wherever the averaging window received no sunlight; exclude those zeros from a time mean albedo.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	14.88	59.65
P2	0	3.496	9.81

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	18.27	87.84

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	15.61	28.61
P2 Validation	0	4.411	8.36

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

albedo_surface — full-period value time series

albedo_surface — availability over append dim

`apparent_temperature_2m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Apparent temperature
short_name	aptmp
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	Equal to temperature_2m in mild conditions, wind chill when colder and heat index when hotter.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-27.11	12.25	38.42
P2	21.92	26.12	33.35

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-82.31	4.408	45.49

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	14.34	28.57	39.94
P2 Validation	30.4	32.21	33.95

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

apparent_temperature_2m — full-period value time series

apparent_temperature_2m — spatial comparison

apparent_temperature_2m — time series comparison

apparent_temperature_2m — availability over append dim

`average_high_cloud_cover`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	High cloud cover
short_name	hcc
standard_name	cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours).

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	29.27	100
P2	0	18.35	100

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	35.78	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	26.78	100
P2 Validation	0	63.01	100

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

average_high_cloud_cover — full-period value time series

average_high_cloud_cover — spatial comparison

average_high_cloud_cover — time series comparison

average_high_cloud_cover — availability over append dim

`average_low_cloud_cover`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Low cloud cover
short_name	lcc
standard_name	cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours).

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	15.38	100
P2	0	10.66	100

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	39.91	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	4.923	98
P2 Validation	0	21.87	100

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

average_low_cloud_cover — full-period value time series

average_low_cloud_cover — spatial comparison

average_low_cloud_cover — time series comparison

average_low_cloud_cover — availability over append dim

`average_medium_cloud_cover`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Medium cloud cover
short_name	mcc
standard_name	cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours).

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	18.86	100
P2	0	1.626	95

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	25.21	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	7.75	86
P2 Validation	0	5.154	76

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

average_medium_cloud_cover — full-period value time series

average_medium_cloud_cover — spatial comparison

average_medium_cloud_cover — time series comparison

average_medium_cloud_cover — availability over append dim

`average_precipitation_rate_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2 s-1`
long_name	Precipitation rate
short_name	prate
standard_name	precipitation_flux
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours).

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	1.255e-05	0.001193
P2	0	8.335e-06	0.0002

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	3.089e-05	0.005397

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	2.91e-05	0.001545
P2 Validation	0	6.655e-05	0.00113

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

average_precipitation_rate_surface — full-period value time series

average_precipitation_rate_surface — spatial comparison

average_precipitation_rate_surface — time series comparison

average_precipitation_rate_surface — availability over append dim

`average_pressure_high_cloud_bottom`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours). NaN where the source reports no high cloud in the column, and at some cloud-field edges where average_high_cloud_cover is near zero.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	1.827e+04	3.287e+04	3.959e+04
P2	8259	1.686e+04	4.135e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	7780	3.372e+04	4.97e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.633e+04	2.598e+04	3.899e+04
P2 Validation	1.01e+04	2.22e+04	3.756e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

average_pressure_high_cloud_bottom — full-period value time series

average_pressure_high_cloud_bottom — spatial comparison

average_pressure_high_cloud_bottom — time series comparison

average_pressure_high_cloud_bottom — availability over append dim

`average_pressure_high_cloud_top`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours). NaN where the source reports no high cloud in the column, and at some cloud-field edges where average_high_cloud_cover is near zero.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	1.381e+04	2.453e+04	3.646e+04
P2	6805	1.405e+04	3.795e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	6805	2.365e+04	4.682e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.296e+04	1.864e+04	2.469e+04
P2 Validation	8876	1.423e+04	2.872e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

average_pressure_high_cloud_top — full-period value time series

average_pressure_high_cloud_top — spatial comparison

average_pressure_high_cloud_top — time series comparison

average_pressure_high_cloud_top — availability over append dim

`average_pressure_low_cloud_bottom`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours). NaN where the source reports no low cloud in the column, and at some cloud-field edges where average_low_cloud_cover is near zero.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	6.714e+04	8.235e+04	9.346e+04
P2	6.96e+04	9.199e+04	9.858e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	6.574e+04	9.15e+04	1.031e+05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	7.744e+04	8.715e+04	9.322e+04
P2 Validation	7.83e+04	9.194e+04	9.817e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

average_pressure_low_cloud_bottom — full-period value time series

average_pressure_low_cloud_bottom — spatial comparison

average_pressure_low_cloud_bottom — time series comparison

average_pressure_low_cloud_bottom — availability over append dim

`average_pressure_low_cloud_top`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours). NaN where the source reports no low cloud in the column, and at some cloud-field edges where average_low_cloud_cover is near zero.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	6.374e+04	7.336e+04	9.157e+04
P2	6.608e+04	8.933e+04	9.661e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	6.33e+04	8.076e+04	1.023e+05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	6.552e+04	7.67e+04	8.901e+04
P2 Validation	6.6e+04	8.84e+04	9.332e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

average_pressure_low_cloud_top — full-period value time series

average_pressure_low_cloud_top — spatial comparison

average_pressure_low_cloud_top — time series comparison

average_pressure_low_cloud_top — availability over append dim

`average_pressure_middle_cloud_bottom`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours). NaN where the source reports no middle cloud in the column, and at some cloud-field edges where average_medium_cloud_cover is near zero.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	4.196e+04	5.474e+04	6.615e+04
P2	5.341e+04	6.127e+04	6.63e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	4.097e+04	6.193e+04	7.575e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	4.443e+04	5.738e+04	6.335e+04
P2 Validation	4.851e+04	5.817e+04	6.545e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

average_pressure_middle_cloud_bottom — full-period value time series

average_pressure_middle_cloud_bottom — spatial comparison

average_pressure_middle_cloud_bottom — time series comparison

average_pressure_middle_cloud_bottom — availability over append dim

`average_pressure_middle_cloud_top`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours). NaN where the source reports no middle cloud in the column, and at some cloud-field edges where average_medium_cloud_cover is near zero.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	3.887e+04	4.457e+04	6.341e+04
P2	4.51e+04	5.558e+04	6.288e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	3.83e+04	4.974e+04	7.305e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	3.932e+04	5.076e+04	5.815e+04
P2 Validation	4.25e+04	4.974e+04	5.924e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

average_pressure_middle_cloud_top — full-period value time series

average_pressure_middle_cloud_top — spatial comparison

average_pressure_middle_cloud_top — time series comparison

average_pressure_middle_cloud_top — availability over append dim

`average_snow_area_fraction_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Snow cover
short_name	snowc
standard_name	surface_snow_area_fraction
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours). NaN over open water.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.05379	0.96
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.27	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

$average_snow_area_fraction_surface — full-period value time series$ $average_snow_area_fraction_surface — spatial comparison$ $average_snow_area_fraction_surface — time series comparison$ $average_snow_area_fraction_surface — availability over append dim$

`average_temperature_high_cloud_top`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours). NaN where the source reports no high cloud in the column, and at some cloud-field edges where average_high_cloud_cover is near zero.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-68.45	-50.82	-23.15
P2	-87.64	-69.48	-17.25

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-87.15	-56.85	-13.85

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-69.05	-55.76	-40.78
P2 Validation	-83.23	-67.75	-28.69

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

average_temperature_high_cloud_top — full-period value time series

average_temperature_high_cloud_top — spatial comparison

average_temperature_high_cloud_top — time series comparison

average_temperature_high_cloud_top — availability over append dim

`average_temperature_low_cloud_top`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours). NaN where the source reports no low cloud in the column, and at some cloud-field edges where average_low_cloud_cover is near zero.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-17.45	0.2681	17.99
P2	7.949	17.31	23.05

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-47.65	-0.3916	26.25

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	5.512	11.61	16.05
P2 Validation	8.55	19.15	22.05

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

average_temperature_low_cloud_top — full-period value time series

average_temperature_low_cloud_top — spatial comparison

average_temperature_low_cloud_top — time series comparison

average_temperature_low_cloud_top — availability over append dim

`average_temperature_middle_cloud_top`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours). NaN where the source reports no middle cloud in the column, and at some cloud-field edges where average_medium_cloud_cover is near zero.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-40.83	-21.73	-1.443
P2	-8.73	0.07826	5.879

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-56.85	-23.27	9.95

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-20.71	-6.328	2.35
P2 Validation	-9.35	-3.984	3.05

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

average_temperature_middle_cloud_top — full-period value time series

average_temperature_middle_cloud_top — spatial comparison

average_temperature_middle_cloud_top — time series comparison

average_temperature_middle_cloud_top — availability over append dim

`average_total_cloud_cover_boundary_layer`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Boundary layer cloud cover
short_name	tcc
standard_name	cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours).

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	8.803	100
P2	0	4.803	89

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	29.18	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	2.731	95
P2 Validation	0	14.68	100

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

average_total_cloud_cover_boundary_layer — full-period value time series

average_total_cloud_cover_boundary_layer — spatial comparison

average_total_cloud_cover_boundary_layer — time series comparison

average_total_cloud_cover_boundary_layer — availability over append dim

`best_4_layer_lifted_index_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`K`
long_name	Best (4-layer) lifted index
short_name	4lftx
standard_name	temperature_difference_between_ambient_air_and_air_lifted_adiabatically
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-8.47	4.13	19.53
P2	-4.445	0.2878	5.861

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-13.29	5.484	24.61

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-9.111	0.854	12.58
P2 Validation	-5.306	-3.175	-1.363

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

best_4_layer_lifted_index_surface — full-period value time series

best_4_layer_lifted_index_surface — spatial comparison

best_4_layer_lifted_index_surface — time series comparison

best_4_layer_lifted_index_surface — availability over append dim

`brightness_temperature_top_of_atmosphere`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`K`
long_name	Brightness temperature
short_name	btmp
standard_name	toa_brightness_temperature
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	207.5	278.7	311.1
P2	271	297.2	301.7

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	196.4	272.1	320.4

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	226	296.8	312.2
P2 Validation	228	290.9	302.2

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

brightness_temperature_top_of_atmosphere — full-period value time series

brightness_temperature_top_of_atmosphere — spatial comparison

brightness_temperature_top_of_atmosphere — time series comparison

brightness_temperature_top_of_atmosphere — availability over append dim

`categorical_freezing_rain_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Categorical freezing rain
short_name	cfrzr
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
flag_values	`0, 1`
flag_meanings	no yes

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0	0
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference at 2026-09-15T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.0003501	1
Reference	0	0.002229	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P1 Reference	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Reference	0	0	0

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

categorical_freezing_rain_surface — full-period value time series

categorical_freezing_rain_surface — spatial comparison

categorical_freezing_rain_surface — time series comparison

categorical_freezing_rain_surface — availability over append dim

`categorical_ice_pellets_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Categorical ice pellets
short_name	cicep
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
flag_values	`0, 1`
flag_meanings	no yes

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0	0
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference at 2026-09-15T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	3.847e-06	1
Reference	0	9.446e-05	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P1 Reference	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Reference	0	0	0

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

categorical_ice_pellets_surface — full-period value time series

categorical_ice_pellets_surface — spatial comparison

categorical_ice_pellets_surface — time series comparison

categorical_ice_pellets_surface — availability over append dim

`categorical_rain_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Categorical rain
short_name	crain
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
flag_values	`0, 1`
flag_meanings	no yes

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.1034	1
P2	0	0.3202	1

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference at 2026-09-15T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.3249	1
Reference	0	0.3262	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.1827	1
P1 Reference	0.4264	1
P2 Validation	0.7885	1
P2 Reference	0.8217	1

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

categorical_rain_surface — full-period value time series

categorical_rain_surface — spatial comparison

categorical_rain_surface — time series comparison

categorical_rain_surface — availability over append dim

`categorical_snow_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Categorical snow
short_name	csnow
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
flag_values	`0, 1`
flag_meanings	no yes

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.03448	1
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference at 2026-09-15T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.1551	1
Reference	0	0.1466	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P1 Reference	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Reference	0	0	0

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

categorical_snow_surface — full-period value time series

categorical_snow_surface — spatial comparison

categorical_snow_surface — time series comparison

categorical_snow_surface — availability over append dim

`clear_sky_uv_b_downward_solar_flux_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Clear sky UV-B downward solar flux
short_name	cduvb
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours). The UV-B portion of the downward shortwave flux at the surface, covering 263-345 nm, computed with clouds removed.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	3.631	17.3
P2	0	5.386	16.8

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	2.989	17.9

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	4.255	14.6
P2 Validation	0	5.433	16.8

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

clear_sky_uv_b_downward_solar_flux_surface — full-period value time series

clear_sky_uv_b_downward_solar_flux_surface — spatial comparison

clear_sky_uv_b_downward_solar_flux_surface — time series comparison

clear_sky_uv_b_downward_solar_flux_surface — availability over append dim

`cloud_cover_475mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Fraction of cloud cover
short_name	cc
standard_name	cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	9.547	100
P2	0	0.06897	8

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	13.8	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0.2095	17
P2 Validation	0	3.162	96

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

cloud_cover_475mb — full-period value time series

cloud_cover_475mb — time series comparison

cloud_cover_475mb — availability over append dim

`cloud_water_atmosphere`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2`
long_name	Cloud water
short_name	cwat
standard_name	atmosphere_mass_content_of_cloud_condensed_water
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.05532	1.6
P2	0	0.004778	0.09

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.08316	3.15

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0.0181	0.39
P2 Validation	0	0.03067	0.84

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

cloud_water_atmosphere — full-period value time series

cloud_water_atmosphere — spatial comparison

cloud_water_atmosphere — time series comparison

cloud_water_atmosphere — availability over append dim

`cloud_work_function_atmosphere`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`J kg-1`
long_name	Cloud work function
short_name	cwork
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours).

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	4.35	254
P2	0	4.113	137

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	8.884	921

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	35.12	1126
P2 Validation	0	54.06	616

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

cloud_work_function_atmosphere — full-period value time series

cloud_work_function_atmosphere — spatial comparison

cloud_work_function_atmosphere — time series comparison

cloud_work_function_atmosphere — availability over append dim

`convective_available_potential_energy_180_0mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`J kg-1`
long_name	Convective available potential energy
short_name	cape
standard_name	atmosphere_convective_available_potential_energy
step_type	instant
comment	Energy released by a parcel lifted from the most unstable of six 30 hPa layers in the lowest 180 hPa, rather than from one parcel averaged over that depth.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	172.8	2678
P2	0	232	1488

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	143.8	4380

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	188.4	2691
P2 Validation	213	764.3	1406

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

convective_available_potential_energy_180_0mb — full-period value time series

convective_available_potential_energy_180_0mb — spatial comparison

convective_available_potential_energy_180_0mb — time series comparison

convective_available_potential_energy_180_0mb — availability over append dim

`convective_available_potential_energy_255_0mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`J kg-1`
long_name	Convective available potential energy
short_name	cape
standard_name	atmosphere_convective_available_potential_energy
step_type	instant
comment	Energy released by a parcel lifted from the most unstable level in the lowest 300 hPa. The source labels the record 255 hPa but searches 300.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	193.9	2720
P2	0	304.1	1602

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	174	4596

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	212.8	2901
P2 Validation	323	964.3	1661

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

convective_available_potential_energy_255_0mb — full-period value time series

convective_available_potential_energy_255_0mb — spatial comparison

convective_available_potential_energy_255_0mb — time series comparison

convective_available_potential_energy_255_0mb — availability over append dim

`convective_available_potential_energy_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`J kg-1`
long_name	Convective available potential energy
short_name	cape
standard_name	atmosphere_convective_available_potential_energy
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	146.3	2566
P2	0	304.1	1602

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	172.7	4596

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	99.3	2901
P2 Validation	323	964.3	1661

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

convective_available_potential_energy_surface — full-period value time series

convective_available_potential_energy_surface — spatial comparison

convective_available_potential_energy_surface — time series comparison

convective_available_potential_energy_surface — availability over append dim

`convective_cloud_cover`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Convective cloud cover
short_name	ccc
standard_name	cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	1.724	52
P2	0	5.483	60

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	7.098	80

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	4.433	79
P2 Validation	0	23.62	79

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

convective_cloud_cover — full-period value time series

convective_cloud_cover — spatial comparison

convective_cloud_cover — time series comparison

convective_cloud_cover — availability over append dim

`convective_inhibition_180_0mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`J kg-1`
long_name	Convective inhibition
short_name	cin
standard_name	atmosphere_convective_inhibition
step_type	instant
comment	Negative where there is inhibition and at or near zero where there is none.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-547.2	-38	0.4742
P2	-346.6	-25.27	0.4845

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-908.6	-10.44	0.03701

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-296.3	-51.74	0.4891
P2 Validation	-77.19	-6.431	0.4891

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

convective_inhibition_180_0mb — full-period value time series

convective_inhibition_180_0mb — spatial comparison

convective_inhibition_180_0mb — time series comparison

convective_inhibition_180_0mb — availability over append dim

`convective_inhibition_255_0mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`J kg-1`
long_name	Convective inhibition
short_name	cin
standard_name	atmosphere_convective_inhibition
step_type	instant
comment	Negative where there is inhibition and at or near zero where there is none.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-617.9	-36.7	0.4911
P2	-443.9	-24.63	0.449

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-1006	-10.21	0.03888

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-294.6	-46.9	0.4217
P2 Validation	-50.12	-3.015	0.4955

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

convective_inhibition_255_0mb — full-period value time series

convective_inhibition_255_0mb — spatial comparison

convective_inhibition_255_0mb — time series comparison

convective_inhibition_255_0mb — availability over append dim

`convective_inhibition_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`J kg-1`
long_name	Convective inhibition
short_name	cin
standard_name	atmosphere_convective_inhibition
step_type	instant
comment	Negative where there is inhibition and at or near zero where there is none.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-629.9	-44.76	0.4988
P2	-443.9	-24.66	0.3918

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-1006	-10.91	0.03888

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-399.3	-45.22	0.4537
P2 Validation	-49.32	-3.04	0.4774

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

convective_inhibition_surface — full-period value time series

convective_inhibition_surface — spatial comparison

convective_inhibition_surface — time series comparison

convective_inhibition_surface — availability over append dim

`convective_precipitation_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2`
long_name	Convective precipitation
short_name	cp
standard_name	convective_precipitation_amount
step_type	accum
comment	Total accumulated in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours).

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.06163	3.63
P2	0	0.09034	2.16

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.352	25.88

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0.4365	15.56
P2 Validation	0	1.291	24.32

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

convective_precipitation_surface — full-period value time series

convective_precipitation_surface — spatial comparison

convective_precipitation_surface — time series comparison

convective_precipitation_surface — availability over append dim

`dew_point_temperature_2m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	2 metre dewpoint temperature
short_name	2d
standard_name	dew_point_temperature
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-21.88	2.872	20.25
P2	18.51	22.06	24.9

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-75.14	1.837	27.66

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-1.896	10.19	19.55
P2 Validation	23.35	24.23	24.95

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

dew_point_temperature_2m — full-period value time series

dew_point_temperature_2m — spatial comparison

dew_point_temperature_2m — time series comparison

dew_point_temperature_2m — availability over append dim

`dew_point_temperature_30_0mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Dew point temperature
short_name	dpt
standard_name	dew_point_temperature
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-23.79	1.96	19.43
P2	16.66	20.52	23.85

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-71.85	1.134	25.95

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-1.778	9.405	19.26
P2 Validation	21.67	22.63	24.26

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

dew_point_temperature_30_0mb — full-period value time series

dew_point_temperature_30_0mb — spatial comparison

dew_point_temperature_30_0mb — time series comparison

dew_point_temperature_30_0mb — availability over append dim

`downward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Surface downward long-wave radiation flux
short_name	sdlwrf
standard_name	surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours).

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	180.4	307.4	429
P2	355	390.7	431

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference at 2026-09-15T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	54	309.2	491
Reference	54.5	306.8	506

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	300	380.4	459
P1 Reference	324	385.2	448
P2 Validation	411	422.5	448
P2 Reference	402	422.9	442

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

downward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface — full-period value time series

downward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface — spatial comparison

downward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface — time series comparison

downward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface — availability over append dim

`downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Surface downward short-wave radiation flux
short_name	sdswrf
standard_name	surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours).

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	206.6	950
P2	0	294.8	920

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference at 2026-09-15T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	154.9	964.9
Reference	0	158.5	932

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	mean	max
P1 Validation	246.1	823.5
P1 Reference	208.3	828
P2 Validation	269.1	889.6
P2 Reference	265	888

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — full-period value time series

downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — spatial comparison

downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — time series comparison

downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — availability over append dim

`eastward_gravity_wave_surface_stress`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Eastward gravity wave surface stress
short_name	lgws
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours). Positive values are a westward gravity wave drag force on the atmosphere: the opposite sign convention to CF's atmosphere_eastward_stress_due_to_gravity_wave_drag.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.009883	-0.0001239	0.0006445
P2	-0.003081	-5.722e-06	0.002645

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-5.474	0.001701	10.09

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.01513	-0.00081	0.0004805
P2 Validation	-0.01899	0.001469	0.1139

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

eastward_gravity_wave_surface_stress — full-period value time series

eastward_gravity_wave_surface_stress — spatial comparison

eastward_gravity_wave_surface_stress — time series comparison

eastward_gravity_wave_surface_stress — availability over append dim

`field_capacity_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Field Capacity
short_name	fldcp
standard_name	volume_fraction_of_condensed_water_in_soil_at_field_capacity
step_type	instant
comment	NaN over water.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.3316	0.3316	0.3316
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.1159	0.2875	0.42

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.3316	0.3316	0.3316
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

field_capacity_surface — full-period value time series

field_capacity_surface — spatial comparison

field_capacity_surface — time series comparison

field_capacity_surface — availability over append dim

`five_wave_geopotential_height_500mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	5-wave geopotential height
short_name	5wavh
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	The first five zonal Fourier components of geopotential_height at 500 mb, not the full field.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	5389	5705	5951
P2	5800	5884	5960

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	4693	5528	5964

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	5818	5852	5899
P2 Validation	5860	5894	5924

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

five_wave_geopotential_height_500mb — full-period value time series

five_wave_geopotential_height_500mb — spatial comparison

five_wave_geopotential_height_500mb — time series comparison

five_wave_geopotential_height_500mb — availability over append dim

`friction_velocity_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	Friction velocity
short_name	zust
standard_name	magnitude_of_surface_friction_velocity_in_air
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.058	0.4046	1.229
P2	0.072	0.2119	0.338

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.007012	0.319	2.161

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.057	0.5004	1.149
P2 Validation	0.175	0.2691	0.369

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

friction_velocity_surface — full-period value time series

friction_velocity_surface — spatial comparison

friction_velocity_surface — time series comparison

friction_velocity_surface — availability over append dim

`geopotential_height_0c_isotherm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant
comment	Zero marks a freezing level at or below the surface rather than missing data; over water, where the surface is at zero height, it is a genuine value.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	3208	5583
P2	4419	5037	5692

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	2521	6231

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	4106	4931	5730
P2 Validation	4741	5062	5363

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

geopotential_height_0c_isotherm — full-period value time series

geopotential_height_0c_isotherm — spatial comparison

geopotential_height_0c_isotherm — time series comparison

geopotential_height_0c_isotherm — availability over append dim

`geopotential_height_0p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	3148	1.032e+04	1.634e+04
P2	9347	1.644e+04	1.913e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1609	1.126e+04	1.935e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	3800	1.203e+04	1.584e+04
P2 Validation	1.466e+04	1.642e+04	1.838e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

geopotential_height_0p5pvu — full-period value time series

geopotential_height_0p5pvu — spatial comparison

geopotential_height_0p5pvu — time series comparison

geopotential_height_0p5pvu — availability over append dim

`geopotential_height_1p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	3517	1.157e+04	1.642e+04
P2	1.466e+04	1.701e+04	1.916e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1830	1.231e+04	1.932e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	8394	1.355e+04	1.603e+04
P2 Validation	1.536e+04	1.687e+04	1.87e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

geopotential_height_1p5pvu — full-period value time series

geopotential_height_1p5pvu — spatial comparison

geopotential_height_1p5pvu — time series comparison

geopotential_height_1p5pvu — availability over append dim

`geopotential_height_1pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	3363	1.111e+04	1.638e+04
P2	1.423e+04	1.684e+04	1.914e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1946	1.191e+04	1.931e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	8116	1.3e+04	1.593e+04
P2 Validation	1.507e+04	1.667e+04	1.848e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

geopotential_height_1pvu — full-period value time series

geopotential_height_1pvu — spatial comparison

geopotential_height_1pvu — time series comparison

geopotential_height_1pvu — availability over append dim

`geopotential_height_2pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	5022	1.199e+04	1.647e+04
P2	1.477e+04	1.715e+04	1.917e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1915	1.257e+04	1.934e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	8645	1.391e+04	1.667e+04
P2 Validation	1.557e+04	1.706e+04	1.874e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

geopotential_height_2pvu — full-period value time series

geopotential_height_2pvu — spatial comparison

geopotential_height_2pvu — time series comparison

geopotential_height_2pvu — availability over append dim

`geopotential_height_cloud_ceiling`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant
comment	Values near 20,000m mark no cloud ceiling. Interpolation in the source mixes the no data value with real ceiling heights, so unusable values span a range rather than one value and are not converted to NaN. Mask values above 19,000m.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	742.9	1.74e+04	2e+04
P2	445.9	1.405e+04	2e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference at 2026-09-15T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	3.28	1.29e+04	2e+04
Reference	8.688	1.591e+04	1.997e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	883.7	1.838e+04	2e+04
P1 Reference	740	1.688e+04	2.003e+04
P2 Validation	449.7	5062	2e+04
P2 Reference	449	1.16e+04	2.003e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

geopotential_height_cloud_ceiling — full-period value time series

geopotential_height_cloud_ceiling — spatial comparison

geopotential_height_cloud_ceiling — time series comparison

geopotential_height_cloud_ceiling — availability over append dim

`geopotential_height_highest_tropospheric_freezing_level`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant
comment	Zero marks a freezing level at or below the surface rather than missing data; over water, where the surface is at zero height, it is a genuine value.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	3316	5584
P2	4420	5038	5693

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	2544	6232

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	4106	4932	5732
P2 Validation	4742	5063	5364

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

geopotential_height_highest_tropospheric_freezing_level — full-period value time series

geopotential_height_highest_tropospheric_freezing_level — spatial comparison

geopotential_height_highest_tropospheric_freezing_level — time series comparison

geopotential_height_highest_tropospheric_freezing_level — availability over append dim

`geopotential_height_max_wind`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant
comment	The source searches only 500 to 100 hPa for this level, so stronger wind can lie outside that layer.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	5868	1.164e+04	1.577e+04
P2	6393	1.306e+04	1.624e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	4701	1.176e+04	1.639e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	7456	1.285e+04	1.555e+04
P2 Validation	6423	1.385e+04	1.625e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

geopotential_height_max_wind — full-period value time series

geopotential_height_max_wind — spatial comparison

geopotential_height_max_wind — time series comparison

geopotential_height_max_wind — availability over append dim

`geopotential_height_minus0p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	3412	1.379e+04	1.787e+04
P2	1.067e+04	1.675e+04	1.906e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1518	1.109e+04	1.942e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	6095	1.291e+04	1.618e+04
P2 Validation	1.256e+04	1.656e+04	1.912e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

geopotential_height_minus0p5pvu — full-period value time series

geopotential_height_minus0p5pvu — spatial comparison

geopotential_height_minus0p5pvu — time series comparison

geopotential_height_minus0p5pvu — availability over append dim

`geopotential_height_minus1p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	1.42e+04	1.584e+04	1.784e+04
P2	1.145e+04	1.719e+04	1.913e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1530	1.159e+04	1.937e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.27e+04	1.338e+04	1.407e+04
P2 Validation	1.529e+04	1.722e+04	1.924e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

geopotential_height_minus1p5pvu — full-period value time series

geopotential_height_minus1p5pvu — spatial comparison

geopotential_height_minus1p5pvu — time series comparison

geopotential_height_minus1p5pvu — availability over append dim

`geopotential_height_minus1pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	1.395e+04	1.584e+04	1.782e+04
P2	1.229e+04	1.707e+04	1.914e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1545	1.124e+04	1.945e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	6447	1.094e+04	1.386e+04
P2 Validation	1.477e+04	1.705e+04	1.92e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

geopotential_height_minus1pvu — full-period value time series

geopotential_height_minus1pvu — spatial comparison

geopotential_height_minus1pvu — time series comparison

geopotential_height_minus1pvu — availability over append dim

`geopotential_height_minus2pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	1.422e+04	1.614e+04	1.786e+04
P2	1.106e+04	1.728e+04	1.911e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1894	1.189e+04	1.939e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.304e+04	1.304e+04	1.304e+04
P2 Validation	1.543e+04	1.728e+04	1.923e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

geopotential_height_minus2pvu — full-period value time series

geopotential_height_minus2pvu — spatial comparison

geopotential_height_minus2pvu — time series comparison

geopotential_height_minus2pvu — availability over append dim

`geopotential_height_tropopause`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	7984	1.259e+04	1.644e+04
P2	1.507e+04	1.647e+04	1.792e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	6044	1.289e+04	1.875e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.314e+04	1.498e+04	1.648e+04
P2 Validation	1.533e+04	1.587e+04	1.71e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

geopotential_height_tropopause — full-period value time series

geopotential_height_tropopause — spatial comparison

geopotential_height_tropopause — time series comparison

geopotential_height_tropopause — availability over append dim

`ground_heat_flux_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Ground heat flux
short_name	gflux
standard_name	upward_heat_flux_at_ground_level_in_soil
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours). NaN over open water.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-150.9	-0.201	66.03
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-324.9	-7.206	139.9

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-79.78	-2.75	53.57
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

ground_heat_flux_surface — full-period value time series

ground_heat_flux_surface — spatial comparison

ground_heat_flux_surface — time series comparison

ground_heat_flux_surface — availability over append dim

`haines_index_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Haines Index
short_name	hindex
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
flag_values	`2, 3, 4, 5, 6`
flag_meanings	very_low_potential very_low_potential low_potential moderate_potential high_potential
comment	Fire-weather index of lower-atmosphere stability and dryness for large plume-dominated fire growth. NaN over open water.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	2	4.453	6
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	2	3.466	6

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	3	5.619	6
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

haines_index_surface — full-period value time series

haines_index_surface — spatial comparison

haines_index_surface — time series comparison

haines_index_surface — availability over append dim

`height_above_mean_sea_level/temperature`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
sampled level	height_above_mean_sea_level=457
comment	NaN where the terrain is above this level.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0, height_above_mean_sea_level=457

Point	min	mean	max
P1	n/a	n/a	n/a
P2	17.64	21.42	24.51

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-41.49	9.415	43.51

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a
P2 Validation	22.55	23.58	25.15

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

height_above_mean_sea_level/temperature — full-period value time series

height_above_mean_sea_level/temperature — spatial comparison

height_above_mean_sea_level/temperature — time series comparison

height_above_mean_sea_level/temperature — availability over append dim

`height_above_mean_sea_level/wind_u`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
sampled level	height_above_mean_sea_level=457
comment	NaN where the terrain is above this level.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0, height_above_mean_sea_level=457

Point	min	mean	max
P1	n/a	n/a	n/a
P2	-14.21	-7.891	3.597

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-30.5	1.037	34.96

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a
P2 Validation	-10.59	-6.927	-3.432

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

height_above_mean_sea_level/wind_u — full-period value time series

height_above_mean_sea_level/wind_u — spatial comparison

height_above_mean_sea_level/wind_u — time series comparison

height_above_mean_sea_level/wind_u — availability over append dim

`height_above_mean_sea_level/wind_v`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
sampled level	height_above_mean_sea_level=457
comment	NaN where the terrain is above this level.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0, height_above_mean_sea_level=457

Point	min	mean	max
P1	n/a	n/a	n/a
P2	-5.068	1.918	8.113

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-37.84	0.4369	33.46

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a
P2 Validation	-1.902	5.344	8.134

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

height_above_mean_sea_level/wind_v — full-period value time series

height_above_mean_sea_level/wind_v — spatial comparison

height_above_mean_sea_level/wind_v — time series comparison

height_above_mean_sea_level/wind_v — availability over append dim

`icao_standard_atmosphere_reference_height_max_wind`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	ICAO Standard Atmosphere reference height
short_name	icaht
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	Pressure altitude: the ICAO Standard Atmosphere height for this level's pressure, not its actual height, which geopotential_height_max_wind carries. The source searches only 500 to 100 hPa for this level, so stronger wind can lie outside that layer.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	5735	1.14e+04	1.572e+04
P2	6065	1.249e+04	1.571e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	5576	1.178e+04	1.578e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	6999	1.225e+04	1.49e+04
P2 Validation	6073	1.325e+04	1.571e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

icao_standard_atmosphere_reference_height_max_wind — full-period value time series

icao_standard_atmosphere_reference_height_max_wind — spatial comparison

icao_standard_atmosphere_reference_height_max_wind — time series comparison

icao_standard_atmosphere_reference_height_max_wind — availability over append dim

`icao_standard_atmosphere_reference_height_tropopause`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	ICAO Standard Atmosphere reference height
short_name	icaht
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	Pressure altitude: the ICAO Standard Atmosphere height for this level's pressure, not its actual height, which geopotential_height_tropopause carries.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	8277	1.236e+04	1.583e+04
P2	1.453e+04	1.605e+04	1.755e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	6055	1.294e+04	1.845e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.266e+04	1.439e+04	1.588e+04
P2 Validation	1.473e+04	1.532e+04	1.665e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

icao_standard_atmosphere_reference_height_tropopause — full-period value time series

icao_standard_atmosphere_reference_height_tropopause — spatial comparison

icao_standard_atmosphere_reference_height_tropopause — time series comparison

icao_standard_atmosphere_reference_height_tropopause — availability over append dim

`ice_cover_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Ice cover (1=ice, 0=no ice)
short_name	icec
standard_name	floating_ice_area_fraction
step_type	instant
flag_values	`0, 1`
flag_meanings	no_ice ice

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0	0
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.09483	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0	0

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

ice_cover_surface — full-period value time series

ice_cover_surface — time series comparison

ice_cover_surface — availability over append dim

`ice_thickness_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Ice thickness
short_name	icetk
standard_name	floating_ice_thickness
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0	0
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.1015	5

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0	0

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

ice_thickness_surface — full-period value time series

ice_thickness_surface — spatial comparison

ice_thickness_surface — time series comparison

ice_thickness_surface — availability over append dim

`land_sea_mask_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Land-sea mask
short_name	lsm
standard_name	land_binary_mask
step_type	instant
flag_values	`0, 1`
flag_meanings	sea land

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	1	1	1
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.3385	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1	1	1
P2 Validation	0	0	0

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

land_sea_mask_surface — full-period value time series

land_sea_mask_surface — spatial comparison

land_sea_mask_surface — time series comparison

land_sea_mask_surface — availability over append dim

`large_scale_precipitation_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2`
long_name	Large scale precipitation (non-convective)
short_name	ncpcp
standard_name	stratiform_precipitation_amount
step_type	accum
comment	Total accumulated in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours).

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.0736	9.26
P2	0	0.0001478	0.03

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.3131	106.5

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0.1904	17.8
P2 Validation	0	0.01087	0.8

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

large_scale_precipitation_surface — full-period value time series

large_scale_precipitation_surface — spatial comparison

large_scale_precipitation_surface — time series comparison

large_scale_precipitation_surface — availability over append dim

`latent_heat_flux_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Latent heat flux
short_name	lhf
standard_name	surface_upward_latent_heat_flux
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours).

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-6.694	42.17	432.9
P2	12.62	93.87	222.9

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-82.41	68.93	703.7

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	2.133	41.59	217.1
P2 Validation	124.7	184.1	237.9

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

latent_heat_flux_surface — full-period value time series

latent_heat_flux_surface — spatial comparison

latent_heat_flux_surface — time series comparison

latent_heat_flux_surface — availability over append dim

`liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_0_10cm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Liquid volumetric soil moisture (non-frozen)
short_name	soill
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	Unfrozen fraction only; volumetric_soil_moisture_0_10cm carries frozen plus liquid water. NaN over water. Over permanent land ice the value is a placeholder rather than soil moisture: near 1 on fully ice-covered cells and above about 0.5 where ice partly covers the cell.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.083	0.1475	0.274
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.02	0.4595	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.083	0.127	0.314
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_0_10cm — full-period value time series

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_0_10cm — spatial comparison

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_0_10cm — time series comparison

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_0_10cm — availability over append dim

`liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_100_200cm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Liquid volumetric soil moisture (non-frozen)
short_name	soill
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	Unfrozen fraction only; volumetric_soil_moisture_100_200cm carries frozen plus liquid water. NaN over water. Over permanent land ice the value is a placeholder rather than soil moisture: near 1 on fully ice-covered cells and above about 0.5 where ice partly covers the cell.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.2084	0.2479	0.2785
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.02951	0.4955	0.9995

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.2395	0.24	0.2405
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_100_200cm — full-period value time series

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_100_200cm — spatial comparison

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_100_200cm — time series comparison

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_100_200cm — availability over append dim

`liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_10_40cm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Liquid volumetric soil moisture (non-frozen)
short_name	soill
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	Unfrozen fraction only; volumetric_soil_moisture_10_40cm carries frozen plus liquid water. NaN over water. Over permanent land ice the value is a placeholder rather than soil moisture: near 1 on fully ice-covered cells and above about 0.5 where ice partly covers the cell.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.08636	0.1487	0.274
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.024	0.4742	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.096	0.1163	0.206
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_10_40cm — full-period value time series

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_10_40cm — spatial comparison

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_10_40cm — time series comparison

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_10_40cm — availability over append dim

`liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_40_100cm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Liquid volumetric soil moisture (non-frozen)
short_name	soill
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	Unfrozen fraction only; volumetric_soil_moisture_40_100cm carries frozen plus liquid water. NaN over water. Over permanent land ice the value is a placeholder rather than soil moisture: near 1 on fully ice-covered cells and above about 0.5 where ice partly covers the cell.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.08505	0.1274	0.259
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.02388	0.4707	0.9999

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.08467	0.08628	0.09123
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_40_100cm — full-period value time series

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_40_100cm — spatial comparison

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_40_100cm — time series comparison

liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture_40_100cm — availability over append dim

`maximum_temperature_2m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Maximum temperature
short_name	tmax
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	max
comment	Maximum value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours).

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-18.15	15.21	40.09
P2	22.07	25.54	28.95

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference at 2026-09-15T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-59.05	8.572	48.85
Reference	-60.5	8.653	47

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	14.55	31.96	42.05
P1 Reference	14.62	27.84	40.25
P2 Validation	27.27	28.23	29.08
P2 Reference	26.62	28.62	29.5

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

maximum_temperature_2m — full-period value time series

maximum_temperature_2m — spatial comparison

maximum_temperature_2m — time series comparison

maximum_temperature_2m — availability over append dim

`minimum_temperature_2m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Minimum temperature
short_name	tmin
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	min
comment	Minimum value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours).

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-21.88	12.27	36.05
P2	21.91	25.35	28.7

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference at 2026-09-15T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-60.97	6.744	43.33
Reference	-68.5	6.502	42

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	14.09	27.12	41.25
P1 Reference	13.81	23.12	36.75
P2 Validation	27.01	27.9	28.9
P2 Reference	24.88	28.14	29.12

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

minimum_temperature_2m — full-period value time series

minimum_temperature_2m — spatial comparison

minimum_temperature_2m — time series comparison

minimum_temperature_2m — availability over append dim

`model_level/geopotential_height`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant
sampled level	model_level=4

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0, model_level=4

Point	min	mean	max
P1	888	914.9	932.5
P2	193.8	196.2	199.8

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	118.5	565.6	5894

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	911.8	925.7	934.1
P2 Validation	196.3	198	202.3

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

model_level/geopotential_height — full-period value time series

model_level/geopotential_height — spatial comparison

model_level/geopotential_height — time series comparison

model_level/geopotential_height — availability over append dim

`model_level/pressure`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	air_pressure
step_type	instant
sampled level	model_level=4

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0, model_level=4

Point	min	mean	max
P1	8.845e+04	9.095e+04	9.256e+04
P2	9.847e+04	9.889e+04	9.929e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	4.965e+04	9.442e+04	1.021e+05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	9.025e+04	9.083e+04	9.21e+04
P2 Validation	9.842e+04	9.873e+04	9.909e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

model_level/pressure — full-period value time series

model_level/pressure — spatial comparison

model_level/pressure — time series comparison

model_level/pressure — availability over append dim

`model_level/relative_humidity`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant
sampled level	model_level=4

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0, model_level=4

Point	min	mean	max
P1	8.881	51.45	98.85
P2	65.54	80.51	93.8

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	2.687	74.77	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	12.49	32.86	97.78
P2 Validation	72.73	80.1	88.37

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

model_level/relative_humidity — full-period value time series

model_level/relative_humidity — spatial comparison

model_level/relative_humidity — time series comparison

model_level/relative_humidity — availability over append dim

`model_level/temperature`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
sampled level	model_level=4

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0, model_level=4

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-20.81	13.18	35.34
P2	20.08	23.65	26.93

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-56.32	6.792	44.88

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	15.47	28.66	38.44
P2 Validation	24.88	25.99	27.02

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

model_level/temperature — full-period value time series

model_level/temperature — spatial comparison

model_level/temperature — time series comparison

model_level/temperature — availability over append dim

`model_level/wind_u`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
sampled level	model_level=4

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0, model_level=4

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-13.97	0.1354	18.26
P2	-11.68	-7.093	3.756

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-28.64	0.3431	32.26

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-12.7	0.5994	9.784
P2 Validation	-10.11	-6.647	-3.281

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

model_level/wind_u — full-period value time series

model_level/wind_u — time series comparison

model_level/wind_u — availability over append dim

`model_level/wind_v`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
sampled level	model_level=4

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0, model_level=4

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-17.68	0.6277	18.69
P2	-4.899	1.696	7.835

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-34.76	0.4437	32.46

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-15.19	6.927	22.8
P2 Validation	-2.281	5.199	8.028

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

model_level/wind_v — full-period value time series

model_level/wind_v — time series comparison

model_level/wind_v — availability over append dim

`momentum_flux_u_component_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Momentum flux, u-component
short_name	uflx
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours). Positive values are an upward flux of eastward momentum, from the surface into the atmosphere: the opposite sign convention to CF's surface_downward_eastward_stress.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.9213	-0.01685	0.4463
P2	-0.01828	0.0516	0.1334

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-3.093	-0.01724	1.948

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.4006	-0.01687	0.5088
P2 Validation	0.02678	0.06421	0.1282

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

momentum_flux_u_component_surface — full-period value time series

momentum_flux_u_component_surface — spatial comparison

momentum_flux_u_component_surface — time series comparison

momentum_flux_u_component_surface — availability over append dim

`momentum_flux_v_component_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Momentum flux, v-component
short_name	vflx
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours). Positive values are an upward flux of northward momentum, from the surface into the atmosphere: the opposite sign convention to CF's surface_downward_northward_stress.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-1.388	-0.0104	0.8741
P2	-0.07995	-0.01295	0.03422

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-2.225	-0.01012	1.898

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-1.317	-0.2379	0.3194
P2 Validation	-0.08731	-0.05038	0.01903

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

momentum_flux_v_component_surface — full-period value time series

momentum_flux_v_component_surface — spatial comparison

momentum_flux_v_component_surface — time series comparison

momentum_flux_v_component_surface — availability over append dim

`montgomery_stream_function_320k`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m2 s-2`
long_name	Montgomery stream Function
short_name	mntsf
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this isentropic surface lies below the ground.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	3.144e+05	3.193e+05	3.222e+05
P2	3.206e+05	3.21e+05	3.214e+05

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	3.048e+05	3.167e+05	3.221e+05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	3.209e+05	3.214e+05	3.217e+05
P2 Validation	3.208e+05	3.211e+05	3.214e+05

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

montgomery_stream_function_320k — full-period value time series

montgomery_stream_function_320k — spatial comparison

montgomery_stream_function_320k — time series comparison

montgomery_stream_function_320k — availability over append dim

`northward_gravity_wave_surface_stress`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Northward gravity wave surface stress
short_name	mgws
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours). Positive values are a southward gravity wave drag force on the atmosphere: the opposite sign convention to CF's atmosphere_northward_stress_due_to_gravity_wave_drag.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.002591	2.292e-06	0.001209
P2	-0.005516	7.218e-06	0.004353

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-6.287	0.007338	10.01

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.01379	-0.0002958	0.001561
P2 Validation	-0.06162	-0.0001611	0.02416

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

northward_gravity_wave_surface_stress — full-period value time series

northward_gravity_wave_surface_stress — spatial comparison

northward_gravity_wave_surface_stress — time series comparison

northward_gravity_wave_surface_stress — availability over append dim

`parcel_lifted_index_30_0mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`K`
long_name	Parcel lifted index (to 500 hPa)
short_name	pli
standard_name	temperature_difference_between_ambient_air_and_air_lifted_adiabatically
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-8.234	7.929	31.89
P2	-4.445	0.288	5.855

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-11.95	8.869	40.95

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-9.145	2.364	15.25
P2 Validation	-5.334	-3.171	-1.372

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

parcel_lifted_index_30_0mb — full-period value time series

parcel_lifted_index_30_0mb — spatial comparison

parcel_lifted_index_30_0mb — time series comparison

parcel_lifted_index_30_0mb — availability over append dim

`percent_frozen_precipitation_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Percent frozen precipitation
short_name	cpofp
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	Negative values mark no precipitation. Interpolation in the source mixes the no data value with real percentages, so unusable values span a range rather than one value and are not converted to NaN. Mask values < -0.1.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-50	-41.88	100
P2	-50	-40.97	-6.104e-06

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference at 2026-09-15T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-50	-21.48	100
Reference	-50	-29.91	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-50	-47.58	-6.104e-06
P1 Reference	-50	-45.93	-6.109e-06
P2 Validation	-50	-26.42	-6.104e-06
P2 Reference	-50	-23.9	-6.109e-06

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

percent_frozen_precipitation_surface — full-period value time series

percent_frozen_precipitation_surface — spatial comparison

percent_frozen_precipitation_surface — time series comparison

percent_frozen_precipitation_surface — availability over append dim

`planetary_boundary_layer_height_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Boundary layer height
short_name	blh
standard_name	atmosphere_boundary_layer_thickness
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	21.66	704.5	3734
P2	218.9	716.7	1285

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	16.91	674.3	5437

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	23.4	1042	4456
P2 Validation	601.2	861.9	1153

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

planetary_boundary_layer_height_surface — full-period value time series

planetary_boundary_layer_height_surface — spatial comparison

planetary_boundary_layer_height_surface — time series comparison

planetary_boundary_layer_height_surface — availability over append dim

`plant_canopy_surface_water_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2`
long_name	Plant canopy surface water
short_name	cnwat
standard_name	canopy_water_amount
step_type	instant
comment	NaN over water.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.05961	0.5
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.05703	0.5

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0.03905	0.5
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

plant_canopy_surface_water_surface — full-period value time series

plant_canopy_surface_water_surface — spatial comparison

plant_canopy_surface_water_surface — time series comparison

plant_canopy_surface_water_surface — availability over append dim

`potential_evaporation_rate_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Potential evaporation rate
short_name	pevr
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	Potential evaporation demand computed by the land model, not the actual evaporative flux, so it is not bounded by available net radiation. NaN over open water.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-12.38	210.2	1005
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-28.98	127.8	2469

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-1.928	409.5	1154
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

potential_evaporation_rate_surface — full-period value time series

potential_evaporation_rate_surface — spatial comparison

potential_evaporation_rate_surface — time series comparison

potential_evaporation_rate_surface — availability over append dim

`potential_temperature_0p995_sigma`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`K`
long_name	Potential temperature
short_name	pt
standard_name	air_potential_temperature
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	258.2	293.2	317.5
P2	293.8	297.7	301.1

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	232.4	284.1	337.5

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	294.1	309.3	320.9
P2 Validation	299.3	300.2	301.5

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

potential_temperature_0p995_sigma — full-period value time series

potential_temperature_0p995_sigma — spatial comparison

potential_temperature_0p995_sigma — time series comparison

potential_temperature_0p995_sigma — availability over append dim

`potential_vorticity_310k`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`K m2 kg-1 s-1`
long_name	Potential vorticity
short_name	pv
standard_name	ertel_potential_vorticity
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this isentropic surface lies below the ground.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-9.606e-07	7.733e-07	6.998e-06
P2	-2.479e-07	1.549e-09	2.223e-07

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-9.678e-06	-5.201e-07	1.039e-05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-9.015e-08	1.055e-06	5.469e-06
P2 Validation	-2.849e-07	-3.314e-08	1.77e-07

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

potential_vorticity_310k — full-period value time series

potential_vorticity_310k — spatial comparison

potential_vorticity_310k — time series comparison

potential_vorticity_310k — availability over append dim

`potential_vorticity_320k`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`K m2 kg-1 s-1`
long_name	Potential vorticity
short_name	pv
standard_name	ertel_potential_vorticity
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this isentropic surface lies below the ground.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-3.66e-07	1.163e-06	8.221e-06
P2	-2.575e-07	9.522e-09	3.711e-07

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-9.899e-06	-4.269e-07	1.255e-05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-5.388e-07	4.607e-07	2.574e-06
P2 Validation	-1.501e-07	8.365e-09	1.821e-07

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

potential_vorticity_320k — full-period value time series

potential_vorticity_320k — spatial comparison

potential_vorticity_320k — time series comparison

potential_vorticity_320k — availability over append dim

`potential_vorticity_350k`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`K m2 kg-1 s-1`
long_name	Potential vorticity
short_name	pv
standard_name	ertel_potential_vorticity
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this isentropic surface lies below the ground.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-6.667e-07	4.75e-06	1.245e-05
P2	-2.059e-06	5.528e-08	1.307e-06

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-1.892e-05	-1.56e-07	1.788e-05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-1.64e-06	1.677e-06	9.503e-06
P2 Validation	-6.062e-07	-3.286e-08	4.22e-07

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

potential_vorticity_350k — full-period value time series

potential_vorticity_350k — spatial comparison

potential_vorticity_350k — time series comparison

potential_vorticity_350k — availability over append dim

`potential_vorticity_450k`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`K m2 kg-1 s-1`
long_name	Potential vorticity
short_name	pv
standard_name	ertel_potential_vorticity
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this isentropic surface lies below the ground.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-3.131e-06	1.724e-05	4.804e-05
P2	-1.985e-05	-2.439e-07	1.602e-05

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-6.062e-05	-3.103e-06	5.928e-05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	8.251e-06	1.789e-05	3.283e-05
P2 Validation	-7.344e-06	1.825e-06	1.229e-05

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

potential_vorticity_450k — full-period value time series

potential_vorticity_450k — spatial comparison

potential_vorticity_450k — time series comparison

potential_vorticity_450k — availability over append dim

`potential_vorticity_550k`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`K m2 kg-1 s-1`
long_name	Potential vorticity
short_name	pv
standard_name	ertel_potential_vorticity
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this isentropic surface lies below the ground.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	8.12e-06	4.092e-05	9.253e-05
P2	-3.57e-05	-1.21e-06	2.989e-05

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-0.0001546	-1.043e-05	8.043e-05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	3.184e-05	4.049e-05	5.099e-05
P2 Validation	-1.069e-05	6.517e-07	1.145e-05

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

potential_vorticity_550k — full-period value time series

potential_vorticity_550k — spatial comparison

potential_vorticity_550k — time series comparison

potential_vorticity_550k — availability over append dim

`potential_vorticity_650k`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`K m2 kg-1 s-1`
long_name	Potential vorticity
short_name	pv
standard_name	ertel_potential_vorticity
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this isentropic surface lies below the ground.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	2.816e-05	8.666e-05	0.0002066
P2	-7.681e-05	-1.438e-07	6.641e-05

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-0.0003576	-2.337e-05	0.0001784

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	5.846e-05	7.735e-05	0.0001064
P2 Validation	-1.743e-05	5.546e-06	2.606e-05

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

potential_vorticity_650k — full-period value time series

potential_vorticity_650k — spatial comparison

potential_vorticity_650k — time series comparison

potential_vorticity_650k — availability over append dim

`precipitable_water_30_0mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2`
long_name	Precipitable water
short_name	pwat
standard_name	mass_content_of_water_vapor_in_atmosphere_layer
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.2	1.938	5.09
P2	3.19	4.074	4.98

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	2.02	7.22

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.2	2.732	4.77
P2 Validation	4.37	4.627	4.87

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

precipitable_water_30_0mb — full-period value time series

precipitable_water_30_0mb — spatial comparison

precipitable_water_30_0mb — time series comparison

precipitable_water_30_0mb — availability over append dim

`precipitable_water_atmosphere`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2`
long_name	Precipitable water
short_name	pwat
standard_name	atmosphere_mass_content_of_water_vapor
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	2.5	16.92	46
P2	20.7	36.93	59.4

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference at 2026-09-15T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.1	20.3	81.5
Reference	0.1001	20.41	75

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	11.5	26.74	39.1
P1 Reference	19.38	34.36	45.5
P2 Validation	44	52.49	67.69
P2 Reference	33	53.15	66

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

precipitable_water_atmosphere — full-period value time series

precipitable_water_atmosphere — spatial comparison

precipitable_water_atmosphere — time series comparison

precipitable_water_atmosphere — availability over append dim

`precipitation_convective_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2 s-1`
long_name	Convective precipitation rate
short_name	cpr
standard_name	convective_precipitation_flux
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours).

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	5.709e-06	0.000336
P2	0	8.355e-06	0.0002

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	1.629e-05	0.001198

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	2.033e-05	0.00072
P2 Validation	0	6.615e-05	0.001126

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

precipitation_convective_surface — full-period value time series

precipitation_convective_surface — spatial comparison

precipitation_convective_surface — time series comparison

precipitation_convective_surface — availability over append dim

`pressure_0p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	air_pressure
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	9813	2.747e+04	6.706e+04
P2	6460	1.075e+04	3.358e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	6363	2.631e+04	8.279e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.2e+04	2.244e+04	6.48e+04
P2 Validation	7439	1.062e+04	1.419e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

pressure_0p5pvu — full-period value time series

pressure_0p5pvu — time series comparison

pressure_0p5pvu — availability over append dim

`pressure_1p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	air_pressure
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	9747	2.251e+04	6.392e+04
P2	6431	9506	1.384e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	6362	2.11e+04	8.143e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.132e+04	1.72e+04	3.571e+04
P2 Validation	7067	9771	1.245e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

pressure_1p5pvu — full-period value time series

pressure_1p5pvu — time series comparison

pressure_1p5pvu — availability over append dim

`pressure_1pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	air_pressure
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	9779	2.417e+04	6.522e+04
P2	6444	9816	1.495e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	6368	2.271e+04	8.141e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.18e+04	1.888e+04	3.709e+04
P2 Validation	7344	1.014e+04	1.308e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

pressure_1pvu — full-period value time series

pressure_1pvu — availability over append dim

`pressure_2pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	air_pressure
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	9715	2.111e+04	5.233e+04
P2	6415	9243	1.358e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	6362	2.011e+04	8.059e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.005e+04	1.62e+04	3.45e+04
P2 Validation	7019	9449	1.212e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

pressure_2pvu — full-period value time series

pressure_2pvu — availability over append dim

`pressure_80m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	80 metre pressure
short_name	80sp
standard_name	air_pressure
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	8.96e+04	9.211e+04	9.365e+04
P2	9.979e+04	1.002e+05	1.006e+05

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference at 2026-09-15T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	5.025e+04	9.561e+04	1.034e+05
Reference	5.03e+04	9.551e+04	1.031e+05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	9.148e+04	9.204e+04	9.325e+04
P1 Reference	9.126e+04	9.217e+04	9.299e+04
P2 Validation	9.973e+04	1.001e+05	1.004e+05
P2 Reference	9.971e+04	1.001e+05	1.004e+05

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

pressure_80m — full-period value time series

pressure_80m — availability over append dim

`pressure_convective_cloud_bottom`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	air_pressure_at_convective_cloud_base
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where the source reports no convective cloud in the column, and at some cloud-field edges where convective_cloud_cover is near zero.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	6.23e+04	7.072e+04	8.499e+04
P2	8.985e+04	9.476e+04	9.764e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	4.338e+04	9.28e+04	1.02e+05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	6.327e+04	7.787e+04	9.179e+04
P2 Validation	8.799e+04	9.45e+04	9.669e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

pressure_convective_cloud_bottom — full-period value time series

pressure_convective_cloud_bottom — spatial comparison

pressure_convective_cloud_bottom — time series comparison

pressure_convective_cloud_bottom — availability over append dim

`pressure_convective_cloud_top`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	air_pressure_at_convective_cloud_top
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where the source reports no convective cloud in the column, and at some cloud-field edges where convective_cloud_cover is near zero.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	2.259e+04	3.703e+04	7.513e+04
P2	1.725e+04	7.819e+04	9.136e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	9560	7.305e+04	9.783e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.737e+04	3.197e+04	7.695e+04
P2 Validation	1.254e+04	6.174e+04	8.969e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

pressure_convective_cloud_top — full-period value time series

pressure_convective_cloud_top — spatial comparison

pressure_convective_cloud_top — time series comparison

pressure_convective_cloud_top — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/absolute_vorticity`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`s-1`
long_name	Absolute vorticity
short_name	absv
standard_name	atmosphere_upward_absolute_vorticity
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500
comment	Not published at the 7, 5, 3, 2 and 1 hPa levels, which are NaN at every step.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0, pressure_level=500

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-1.301e-05	8.909e-05	0.0005195
P2	-9.889e-05	1.388e-06	8.542e-05

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-0.0006425	-4.201e-07	0.0006195

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-6.746e-05	6.968e-05	0.0001731
P2 Validation	-4.02e-05	-1.21e-06	3.672e-05

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

pressure_level/absolute_vorticity — full-period value time series

pressure_level/absolute_vorticity — spatial comparison

pressure_level/absolute_vorticity — time series comparison

pressure_level/absolute_vorticity — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/cloud_mixing_ratio`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg kg-1`
long_name	Cloud mixing ratio
short_name	clwmr
standard_name	cloud_liquid_water_mixing_ratio
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500
comment	Not published at the 7, 5, 3, 2 and 1 hPa levels, which are NaN at every step.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0, pressure_level=500

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	6.404e-08	1.1e-05
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	1.302e-06	0.000704

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	3.619e-07	3.6e-05
P2 Validation	0	3.88e-06	0.0002747

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

pressure_level/cloud_mixing_ratio — full-period value time series

pressure_level/cloud_mixing_ratio — spatial comparison

pressure_level/cloud_mixing_ratio — time series comparison

pressure_level/cloud_mixing_ratio — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/geopotential_height`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0, pressure_level=500

Point	min	mean	max
P1	5353	5710	5990
P2	5820	5862	5907

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	4651	5543	5964

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	5830	5898	5936
P2 Validation	5844	5872	5896

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

pressure_level/geopotential_height — full-period value time series

pressure_level/geopotential_height — spatial comparison

pressure_level/geopotential_height — time series comparison

pressure_level/geopotential_height — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/icing_probability`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Icing probability
short_name	icip
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500
comment	Published only at the 800, 700, 600, 500, 400 and 300 hPa levels; every other level is NaN at every step. NaN where the terrain is above this level.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0, pressure_level=500

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.03453	0.65
P2	0	0.007783	0.86

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.03484	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0.0199	0.69
P2 Validation	0	0.1847	0.98

Availability — 0 of 8719 positions complete (incomplete 2020-10-01T00:00 → 2026-09-19T12:00)

pressure_level/icing_probability — full-period value time series

pressure_level/icing_probability — spatial comparison

pressure_level/icing_probability — time series comparison

pressure_level/icing_probability — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/icing_severity`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Icing severity
short_name	ICSEV
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
flag_values	`0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5`
flag_meanings	none light moderate severe trace heavy
sampled level	pressure_level=500
comment	Published only at the 800, 700, 600, 500, 400 and 300 hPa levels; every other level is NaN at every step. NaN where the terrain is above this level.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0, pressure_level=500

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.4236	5
P2	0	0.0197	2

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.3488	5

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0.1333	5
P2 Validation	0	0.6286	5

Availability — 0 of 8719 positions complete (incomplete 2020-10-01T00:00 → 2026-09-19T12:00)

pressure_level/icing_severity — full-period value time series

pressure_level/icing_severity — spatial comparison

pressure_level/icing_severity — time series comparison

pressure_level/icing_severity — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/ozone_mixing_ratio`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg kg-1`
long_name	Ozone mixing ratio
short_name	o3mr
standard_name	mass_fraction_of_ozone_in_air
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500
comment	Not published at the 14 levels from 450 to 1000 hPa, which are NaN at every step.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0, pressure_level=500

Point	min	mean	max
P1	n/a	n/a	n/a
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	NaN	NaN	NaN

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

pressure_level/ozone_mixing_ratio — full-period value time series

pressure_level/ozone_mixing_ratio — spatial comparison

pressure_level/ozone_mixing_ratio — time series comparison

pressure_level/ozone_mixing_ratio — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/relative_humidity`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500
comment	Not published at the 7, 5, 3, 2 and 1 hPa levels, which are NaN at every step.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0, pressure_level=500

Point	min	mean	max
P1	4.5	43.97	100
P2	1.1	23.86	94.59

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.1	52.06	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.5	30.44	90.11
P2 Validation	15.8	67.98	98.41

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

pressure_level/relative_humidity — full-period value time series

pressure_level/relative_humidity — spatial comparison

pressure_level/relative_humidity — time series comparison

pressure_level/relative_humidity — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/specific_humidity`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Specific humidity
short_name	q
standard_name	specific_humidity
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0, pressure_level=500

Point	min	mean	max
P1	4.708e-05	0.001016	0.004328
P2	7.704e-05	0.001246	0.005008

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	3.453e-06	0.001066	0.007481

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	7.202e-05	0.00139	0.003213
P2 Validation	0.000937	0.003706	0.005617

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

pressure_level/specific_humidity — full-period value time series

pressure_level/specific_humidity — spatial comparison

pressure_level/specific_humidity — time series comparison

pressure_level/specific_humidity — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/temperature`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0, pressure_level=500

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-33.58	-14.64	-2.15
P2	-9.183	-4.615	-0.9301

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-51.33	-18.73	3.475

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-11.61	-5.815	-0.9691
P2 Validation	-6.202	-4.296	-2.909

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

pressure_level/temperature — full-period value time series

pressure_level/temperature — spatial comparison

pressure_level/temperature — time series comparison

pressure_level/temperature — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/vertical_velocity`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa s-1`
long_name	Vertical velocity
short_name	w
standard_name	lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0, pressure_level=500

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-2.52	-0.00449	1.192
P2	-0.2592	0.02028	0.339

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-7.882	0.009034	3.665

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-1.024	-0.02403	0.5044
P2 Validation	-1.013	-0.01889	0.1733

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

pressure_level/vertical_velocity — full-period value time series

pressure_level/vertical_velocity — spatial comparison

pressure_level/vertical_velocity — time series comparison

pressure_level/vertical_velocity — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/wind_u`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0, pressure_level=500

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-9.674	13.04	39.04
P2	-16.06	-1.815	19.54

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-30.35	6.562	59.85

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-5.949	7.493	17.14
P2 Validation	-14.33	-6.97	-2.698

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

pressure_level/wind_u — full-period value time series

pressure_level/wind_u — spatial comparison

pressure_level/wind_u — time series comparison

pressure_level/wind_u — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/wind_v`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0, pressure_level=500

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-32.7	-1.34	33.17
P2	-16.09	-0.4133	10.53

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-59.66	-0.07036	48.04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-8.756	7.153	17.35
P2 Validation	-6.401	-2.866	4.557

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

pressure_level/wind_v — full-period value time series

pressure_level/wind_v — spatial comparison

pressure_level/wind_v — time series comparison

pressure_level/wind_v — availability over append dim

`pressure_max_wind`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	air_pressure
step_type	instant
comment	The source searches only 500 to 100 hPa for this level, so stronger wind can lie outside that layer.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	1.074e+04	2.195e+04	4.894e+04
P2	1.077e+04	1.947e+04	4.677e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1.065e+04	2.158e+04	4.999e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.223e+04	1.94e+04	4.107e+04
P2 Validation	1.077e+04	1.729e+04	4.671e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

pressure_max_wind — full-period value time series

pressure_max_wind — time series comparison

pressure_max_wind — availability over append dim

`pressure_mean_sea_level`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	air_pressure_at_mean_sea_level
step_type	instant
comment	Mean sea level pressure as the source reports it, a third product alongside the pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level and pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level_eta_model reductions in this dataset.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	9.856e+04	1.014e+05	1.042e+05
P2	1.007e+05	1.011e+05	1.015e+05

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	9.482e+04	1.01e+05	1.049e+05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.002e+05	1.01e+05	1.025e+05
P2 Validation	1.006e+05	1.01e+05	1.013e+05

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

pressure_mean_sea_level — full-period value time series

pressure_mean_sea_level — spatial comparison

pressure_mean_sea_level — time series comparison

pressure_mean_sea_level — availability over append dim

`pressure_minus0p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	air_pressure
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	7707	1.842e+04	6.617e+04
P2	6541	1.012e+04	2.657e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	6361	2.575e+04	8.276e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.107e+04	2.021e+04	5.13e+04
P2 Validation	6556	1.071e+04	2.066e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

pressure_minus0p5pvu — full-period value time series

pressure_minus0p5pvu — spatial comparison

pressure_minus0p5pvu — time series comparison

pressure_minus0p5pvu — availability over append dim

`pressure_minus1p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	air_pressure
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	7694	1.191e+04	2.247e+04
P2	6398	9232	2.365e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	6363	2.268e+04	7.964e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.548e+04	1.738e+04	1.927e+04
P2 Validation	6411	9325	1.316e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

pressure_minus1p5pvu — full-period value time series

pressure_minus1p5pvu — spatial comparison

pressure_minus1p5pvu — time series comparison

pressure_minus1p5pvu — availability over append dim

`pressure_minus1pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	air_pressure
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	7718	1.193e+04	2.405e+04
P2	6502	9452	2.112e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	6366	2.44e+04	7.909e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.599e+04	2.865e+04	5.01e+04
P2 Validation	6445	9641	1.386e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

pressure_minus1pvu — full-period value time series

pressure_minus1pvu — time series comparison

pressure_minus1pvu — availability over append dim

`pressure_minus2pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	air_pressure
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	7673	1.029e+04	1.362e+04
P2	6464	9047	2.478e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	6363	2.14e+04	7.567e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.827e+04	1.827e+04	1.827e+04
P2 Validation	6438	9200	1.278e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

pressure_minus2pvu — full-period value time series

pressure_minus2pvu — time series comparison

pressure_minus2pvu — availability over append dim

`pressure_of_lifted_parcel_level_255_0mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure of level from which parcel was lifted
short_name	plpl
standard_name	original_air_pressure_of_lifted_parcel
step_type	instant
comment	Clipped at the highest pressure this field encodes, near 100000 Pa, where a large fraction of cells sit. Their true pressure is at or above that ceiling, not absent.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	6.146e+04	7.523e+04	9.345e+04
P2	1e+05	1e+05	1e+05

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	2.14e+04	8.012e+04	1e+05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	6.528e+04	8.377e+04	9.391e+04
P2 Validation	1e+05	1e+05	1e+05

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

pressure_of_lifted_parcel_level_255_0mb — full-period value time series

pressure_of_lifted_parcel_level_255_0mb — spatial comparison

pressure_of_lifted_parcel_level_255_0mb — time series comparison

pressure_of_lifted_parcel_level_255_0mb — availability over append dim

`pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure reduced to MSL
short_name	prmsl
standard_name	air_pressure_at_mean_sea_level
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	9.896e+04	1.014e+05	1.042e+05
P2	1.007e+05	1.011e+05	1.015e+05

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference at 2026-09-15T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	9.502e+04	1.01e+05	1.049e+05
Reference	9.178e+04	1.009e+05	1.052e+05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.003e+05	1.01e+05	1.025e+05
P1 Reference	1.002e+05	1.012e+05	1.023e+05
P2 Validation	1.006e+05	1.01e+05	1.013e+05
P2 Reference	1.006e+05	1.01e+05	1.012e+05

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level — full-period value time series

pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level — spatial comparison

pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level — time series comparison

pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level — availability over append dim

`pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level_eta_model`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	MSLP (Eta model reduction)
short_name	mslet
standard_name	air_pressure_at_mean_sea_level
step_type	instant
comment	Mean sea level pressure computed with the Eta model reduction, an alternative to pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level that differs mainly over high terrain.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	9.858e+04	1.013e+05	1.041e+05
P2	1.007e+05	1.011e+05	1.015e+05

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	9.482e+04	1.01e+05	1.047e+05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	9.987e+04	1.008e+05	1.024e+05
P2 Validation	1.006e+05	1.01e+05	1.013e+05

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level_eta_model — full-period value time series

pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level_eta_model — spatial comparison

pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level_eta_model — time series comparison

pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level_eta_model — availability over append dim

`pressure_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Surface pressure
short_name	sp
standard_name	surface_air_pressure
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	9.045e+04	9.299e+04	9.461e+04
P2	1.007e+05	1.011e+05	1.015e+05

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference at 2026-09-15T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	5.075e+04	9.654e+04	1.044e+05
Reference	5.062e+04	9.644e+04	1.041e+05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	9.228e+04	9.287e+04	9.411e+04
P1 Reference	9.21e+04	9.301e+04	9.389e+04
P2 Validation	1.006e+05	1.01e+05	1.013e+05
P2 Reference	1.006e+05	1.01e+05	1.012e+05

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

pressure_surface — full-period value time series

pressure_surface — time series comparison

pressure_surface — availability over append dim

`pressure_tropopause`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure
short_name	pres
standard_name	tropopause_air_pressure
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	1.056e+04	1.901e+04	3.42e+04
P2	8052	1.024e+04	1.297e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	7285	1.776e+04	4.682e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.049e+04	1.336e+04	1.743e+04
P2 Validation	9280	1.148e+04	1.256e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

pressure_tropopause — full-period value time series

pressure_tropopause — spatial comparison

pressure_tropopause — time series comparison

pressure_tropopause — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_0c_isotherm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	2	49.39	100
P2	2	29.48	98

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1	65.63	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	2	46.89	97
P2 Validation	29	64.49	100

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

relative_humidity_0c_isotherm — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_0c_isotherm — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_0c_isotherm — time series comparison

relative_humidity_0c_isotherm — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_0p33_1_sigma`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	13.02	48.22	98.1
P2	24	48.98	85

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	3.568	60.96	99.57

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	16	40.94	88.77
P2 Validation	52	68.54	95

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

relative_humidity_0p33_1_sigma — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_0p33_1_sigma — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_0p33_1_sigma — time series comparison

relative_humidity_0p33_1_sigma — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_0p44_0p72_sigma`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	5	46.96	100
P2	5	31.54	85

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	53.92	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	10	41.78	91
P2 Validation	31	58.78	98

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

relative_humidity_0p44_0p72_sigma — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_0p44_0p72_sigma — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_0p44_0p72_sigma — time series comparison

relative_humidity_0p44_0p72_sigma — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_0p44_1_sigma`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	14	48.17	97.66
P2	31	55.04	83.55

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	4	63.75	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	18.49	38.63	87
P2 Validation	61	72.65	91.81

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

relative_humidity_0p44_1_sigma — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_0p44_1_sigma — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_0p44_1_sigma — time series comparison

relative_humidity_0p44_1_sigma — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_0p72_0p94_sigma`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	5.049	49.08	100.2
P2	30.17	62.69	88.02

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	2.07	67.17	100.1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	21.16	40.77	91
P2 Validation	62	78.53	89.28

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

relative_humidity_0p72_0p94_sigma — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_0p72_0p94_sigma — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_0p72_0p94_sigma — time series comparison

relative_humidity_0p72_0p94_sigma — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_0p995_sigma`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	10.39	51.6	96.91
P2	66.04	78.31	92.81

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	2.481	73.48	99.98

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	12	33.08	94.84
P2 Validation	70.06	76.59	84.83

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

relative_humidity_0p995_sigma — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_0p995_sigma — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_0p995_sigma — time series comparison

relative_humidity_0p995_sigma — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_120_90mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant
comment	The 120-90 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	5.222	49.5	100.1
P2	47	81.26	99

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	2	75.68	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	16	37.28	98
P2 Validation	49	88.48	100.2

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

relative_humidity_120_90mb — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_120_90mb — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_120_90mb — time series comparison

relative_humidity_120_90mb — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_150_120mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant
comment	The 150-120 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	2	49.18	100
P2	27	74.7	98

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1	71.74	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	18	40.14	98
P2 Validation	48.22	81.93	97.27

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

relative_humidity_150_120mb — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_150_120mb — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_150_120mb — time series comparison

relative_humidity_150_120mb — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_180_150mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant
comment	The 180-150 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	1	49.67	100
P2	15	64.24	100

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1	67.91	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	21	43.73	95
P2 Validation	45	75.89	94

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

relative_humidity_180_150mb — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_180_150mb — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_180_150mb — time series comparison

relative_humidity_180_150mb — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_2m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	2 metre relative humidity
short_name	2r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	10.11	52.98	96.95
P2	70.15	81.47	93.74

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference at 2026-09-15T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	2.343	76.26	100
Reference	3.234	75.97	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	10.45	34.19	95.51
P1 Reference	17.5	55.69	99
P2 Validation	75.17	79.58	86.45
P2 Reference	66	77.42	85.5

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

relative_humidity_2m — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_2m — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_2m — time series comparison

relative_humidity_2m — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_30_0mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	10.17	51.4	98
P2	66	79.22	92.72

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	3	73.9	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	12.16	32.94	97.02
P2 Validation	71.05	78.1	86.32

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

relative_humidity_30_0mb — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_30_0mb — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_30_0mb — time series comparison

relative_humidity_30_0mb — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_60_30mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant
comment	The 60-30 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	6.998	51.54	100
P2	62.48	83.95	93.9

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	3	75.61	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	14.94	33.62	99.4
P2 Validation	77	85	93

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

relative_humidity_60_30mb — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_60_30mb — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_60_30mb — time series comparison

relative_humidity_60_30mb — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_90_60mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant
comment	The 90-60 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	7.204	50.36	100.4
P2	59	85.71	99.05

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	3	76.84	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	14	35.24	97.16
P2 Validation	79.19	91.91	97.43

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

relative_humidity_90_60mb — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_90_60mb — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_90_60mb — time series comparison

relative_humidity_90_60mb — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_atmosphere`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	7	27.8	53
P2	22	39.14	64

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1	31.75	73

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	14	27.65	55
P2 Validation	42	51.34	65

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

relative_humidity_atmosphere — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_atmosphere — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_atmosphere — time series comparison

relative_humidity_atmosphere — availability over append dim

`relative_humidity_highest_tropospheric_freezing_level`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Relative humidity
short_name	r
standard_name	relative_humidity
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	1	47.95	100
P2	2	29.47	98

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1	64.44	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	2	46.88	97
P2 Validation	29	64.48	100

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

relative_humidity_highest_tropospheric_freezing_level — full-period value time series

relative_humidity_highest_tropospheric_freezing_level — spatial comparison

relative_humidity_highest_tropospheric_freezing_level — time series comparison

relative_humidity_highest_tropospheric_freezing_level — availability over append dim

`sensible_heat_flux_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Sensible heat flux
short_name	shf
standard_name	surface_upward_sensible_heat_flux
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours).

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-121.1	40.48	487.6
P2	-5.35	1.599	14.95

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-156.9	19.09	605.5

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-85.04	61.19	430.6
P2 Validation	1.249	10.99	20.32

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

sensible_heat_flux_surface — full-period value time series

sensible_heat_flux_surface — spatial comparison

sensible_heat_flux_surface — time series comparison

sensible_heat_flux_surface — availability over append dim

`snow_phase_change_heat_flux_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Snow phase change heat flux
short_name	snohf
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours). NaN over water.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.7122	0.7824	47.77
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-1.309	0.1112	101.7

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.04733	-0.003299	0.04992
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

snow_phase_change_heat_flux_surface — full-period value time series

snow_phase_change_heat_flux_surface — spatial comparison

snow_phase_change_heat_flux_surface — time series comparison

snow_phase_change_heat_flux_surface — availability over append dim

`snow_thickness_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Snow depth
short_name	sde
standard_name	surface_snow_thickness
step_type	instant
comment	NaN over open water.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.005369	0.17
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.3276	2.45

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

snow_thickness_surface — full-period value time series

snow_thickness_surface — spatial comparison

snow_thickness_surface — time series comparison

snow_thickness_surface — availability over append dim

`snow_water_equivalent_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Snow depth water equivalent
short_name	sd
standard_name	lwe_thickness_of_surface_snow_amount
step_type	instant
comment	NaN over open water.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.0005222	0.015
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.04444	0.415

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

snow_water_equivalent_surface — full-period value time series

snow_water_equivalent_surface — spatial comparison

snow_water_equivalent_surface — time series comparison

snow_water_equivalent_surface — availability over append dim

`soil_temperature_0_10cm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Soil temperature
short_name	sot
standard_name	soil_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	NaN over water.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-14.15	14.34	32.42
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-57	0.2643	53.1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	17.94	29.59	35.9
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

soil_temperature_0_10cm — full-period value time series

soil_temperature_0_10cm — spatial comparison

soil_temperature_0_10cm — time series comparison

soil_temperature_0_10cm — availability over append dim

`soil_temperature_100_200cm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Soil temperature
short_name	sot
standard_name	soil_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	NaN over water.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	7.071	12.58	17.21
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-53.81	-1.487	39.99

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	15.95	16.31	16.79
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

soil_temperature_100_200cm — full-period value time series

soil_temperature_100_200cm — spatial comparison

soil_temperature_100_200cm — time series comparison

soil_temperature_100_200cm — availability over append dim

`soil_temperature_10_40cm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Soil temperature
short_name	sot
standard_name	soil_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	NaN over water.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-3.63	13.48	24.94
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-56.46	-0.3395	44.04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	23.04	25.67	26.74
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

soil_temperature_10_40cm — full-period value time series

soil_temperature_10_40cm — spatial comparison

soil_temperature_10_40cm — time series comparison

soil_temperature_10_40cm — availability over append dim

`soil_temperature_40_100cm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Soil temperature
short_name	sot
standard_name	soil_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	NaN over water.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	2.88	13.15	22.28
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-55.14	-0.4527	42.66

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	21.47	21.99	22.44
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

soil_temperature_40_100cm — full-period value time series

soil_temperature_40_100cm — spatial comparison

soil_temperature_40_100cm — time series comparison

soil_temperature_40_100cm — availability over append dim

`specific_humidity_120_90mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Specific humidity
short_name	q
standard_name	specific_humidity
step_type	instant
comment	The 120-90 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.000249	0.004979	0.01364
P2	0.007336	0.01213	0.01508

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1.692e-05	0.005936	0.01829

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.003646	0.007697	0.01281
P2 Validation	0.009116	0.01464	0.01607

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

specific_humidity_120_90mb — full-period value time series

specific_humidity_120_90mb — spatial comparison

specific_humidity_120_90mb — time series comparison

specific_humidity_120_90mb — availability over append dim

`specific_humidity_150_120mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Specific humidity
short_name	q
standard_name	specific_humidity
step_type	instant
comment	The 150-120 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.0001191	0.004642	0.01251
P2	0.00445	0.01067	0.01418

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1.4e-05	0.005272	0.01763

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.003652	0.007443	0.01237
P2 Validation	0.008694	0.01315	0.0149

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

specific_humidity_150_120mb — full-period value time series

specific_humidity_150_120mb — spatial comparison

specific_humidity_150_120mb — time series comparison

specific_humidity_150_120mb — availability over append dim

`specific_humidity_180_150mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Specific humidity
short_name	q
standard_name	specific_humidity
step_type	instant
comment	The 180-150 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	6.4e-05	0.004322	0.01112
P2	0.002198	0.008969	0.01343

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1.037e-05	0.004686	0.01687

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.00319	0.007186	0.01178
P2 Validation	0.007565	0.01174	0.01403

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

specific_humidity_180_150mb — full-period value time series

specific_humidity_180_150mb — spatial comparison

specific_humidity_180_150mb — time series comparison

specific_humidity_180_150mb — availability over append dim

`specific_humidity_2m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Specific humidity
short_name	q
standard_name	specific_humidity
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.0007038	0.006158	0.01591
P2	0.01315	0.01651	0.01961

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1e-05	0.007706	0.02319

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.00357	0.008639	0.01539
P2 Validation	0.01788	0.01883	0.01975

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

specific_humidity_2m — full-period value time series

specific_humidity_2m — spatial comparison

specific_humidity_2m — time series comparison

specific_humidity_2m — availability over append dim

`specific_humidity_30_0mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Specific humidity
short_name	q
standard_name	specific_humidity
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.0006026	0.00591	0.01542
P2	0.01192	0.01525	0.01867

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1.6e-05	0.007172	0.02148

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.003652	0.008349	0.01462
P2 Validation	0.01637	0.01734	0.0183

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

specific_humidity_30_0mb — full-period value time series

specific_humidity_30_0mb — spatial comparison

specific_humidity_30_0mb — time series comparison

specific_humidity_30_0mb — availability over append dim

`specific_humidity_60_30mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Specific humidity
short_name	q
standard_name	specific_humidity
step_type	instant
comment	The 60-30 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.0004703	0.005666	0.015
P2	0.01098	0.01455	0.01789

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	3.034e-05	0.006885	0.02025

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.003651	0.008104	0.01398
P2 Validation	0.0159	0.01684	0.0178

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

specific_humidity_60_30mb — full-period value time series

specific_humidity_60_30mb — spatial comparison

specific_humidity_60_30mb — time series comparison

specific_humidity_60_30mb — availability over append dim

`specific_humidity_80m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Specific humidity
short_name	q
standard_name	specific_humidity
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.00061	0.005959	0.01552
P2	0.01204	0.01532	0.01872

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1e-05	0.007206	0.02169

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.0036	0.008396	0.01477
P2 Validation	0.01643	0.01739	0.01835

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

specific_humidity_80m — full-period value time series

specific_humidity_80m — spatial comparison

specific_humidity_80m — time series comparison

specific_humidity_80m — availability over append dim

`specific_humidity_90_60mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Specific humidity
short_name	q
standard_name	specific_humidity
step_type	instant
comment	The 90-60 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.0004641	0.005325	0.0141
P2	0.01015	0.0135	0.01659

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	2.017e-05	0.006482	0.01907

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.003657	0.007933	0.01335
P2 Validation	0.01497	0.01611	0.01709

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

specific_humidity_90_60mb — full-period value time series

specific_humidity_90_60mb — spatial comparison

specific_humidity_90_60mb — time series comparison

specific_humidity_90_60mb — availability over append dim

`storm_relative_helicity_3000_0m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m2 s-2`
long_name	Storm relative helicity
short_name	hlcy
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	Uses a right-moving storm motion in both hemispheres, so southern hemisphere values are positive-mean rather than mirrored. Some source values reach magnitudes near 100,000 m2 s-2, far above the roughly 1,500 m2 s-2 physical ceiling for this quantity. Mask absolute values above 2,000.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-184.1	125.4	822.9
P2	-138.5	-10.23	68.05

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-440.2	46.8	813.8

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-63.42	111.4	692
P2 Validation	-20.08	39.92	133.8

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

storm_relative_helicity_3000_0m — full-period value time series

storm_relative_helicity_3000_0m — spatial comparison

storm_relative_helicity_3000_0m — time series comparison

storm_relative_helicity_3000_0m — availability over append dim

`sunshine_duration_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`s`
long_name	Sunshine Duration
short_name	SUNSD
standard_name	duration_of_sunshine
step_type	instant
comment	Sunshine accumulated over the preceding 1-6 hours, not an instantaneous value: the total restarts every 6 hours and so reaches at most 21600 s. The source index labels it instantaneous, which is why it carries no window step type.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	5209	1.08e+04
P2	0	5360	1.08e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	1.014e+04	2.16e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	9190	2.16e+04
P2 Validation	0	8598	2.16e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

sunshine_duration_surface — full-period value time series

sunshine_duration_surface — spatial comparison

sunshine_duration_surface — time series comparison

sunshine_duration_surface — availability over append dim

`surface_lifted_index_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`K`
long_name	Surface lifted index
short_name	lftx
standard_name	temperature_difference_between_ambient_air_and_air_lifted_adiabatically_from_the_surface
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-8.114	8.241	31.67
P2	-4.831	-0.1612	5.459

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-12.13	9.135	42.57

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-9.477	2.542	17.07
P2 Validation	-5.695	-3.524	-1.812

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

surface_lifted_index_surface — full-period value time series

surface_lifted_index_surface — spatial comparison

surface_lifted_index_surface — time series comparison

surface_lifted_index_surface — availability over append dim

`surface_roughness_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Forecast surface roughness
short_name	fsr
standard_name	surface_roughness_length
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.13	0.13	0.13
P2	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.1269	2.653

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.13	0.13	0.13
P2 Validation	0	0	0

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

surface_roughness_surface — full-period value time series

surface_roughness_surface — spatial comparison

surface_roughness_surface — time series comparison

surface_roughness_surface — availability over append dim

`temperature_0p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-70.61	-47.72	0.55
P2	-83.5	-74.45	-26.96

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-85.99	-51.67	14.81

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-68.39	-49.72	7.467
P2 Validation	-81.52	-74.71	-69.81

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

temperature_0p5pvu — full-period value time series

temperature_0p5pvu — time series comparison

temperature_0p5pvu — availability over append dim

`temperature_0p995_sigma`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-19.44	13.64	37.15
P2	21.5	25.04	28.43

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-58.24	7.533	46.56

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	14.86	29.26	40.07
P2 Validation	26.35	27.48	28.57

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

temperature_0p995_sigma — full-period value time series

temperature_0p995_sigma — spatial comparison

temperature_0p995_sigma — time series comparison

temperature_0p995_sigma — availability over append dim

`temperature_100m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-20.15	13.5	36.85
P2	20.95	24.53	27.85

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-57.15	7.268	45.85

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	14.85	29.13	39.27
P2 Validation	25.75	26.93	28.05

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

temperature_100m — full-period value time series

temperature_100m — time series comparison

temperature_100m — availability over append dim

`temperature_120_90mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	The 120-90 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-21.55	9.968	28.98
P2	14.45	18.78	22.05

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-52.31	3.359	36.89

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	13.57	23.12	29.86
P2 Validation	18.95	20.39	22.15

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

temperature_120_90mb — full-period value time series

temperature_120_90mb — spatial comparison

temperature_120_90mb — time series comparison

temperature_120_90mb — availability over append dim

`temperature_150_120mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	The 150-120 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-19.35	8.462	25.98
P2	13.28	17.54	20.8

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-54.65	2.076	34.15

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	12.21	20.49	26.15
P2 Validation	17.7	19.36	21.14

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

temperature_150_120mb — full-period value time series

temperature_150_120mb — spatial comparison

temperature_150_120mb — time series comparison

temperature_150_120mb — availability over append dim

`temperature_180_150mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	The 180-150 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-17.36	6.705	22.85
P2	12.07	16.74	20.05

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-57.25	0.7807	31.35

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	10.25	17.77	22.75
P2 Validation	16.75	18.22	19.6

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

temperature_180_150mb — full-period value time series

temperature_180_150mb — spatial comparison

temperature_180_150mb — time series comparison

temperature_180_150mb — availability over append dim

`temperature_1p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-72.96	-55.28	-11.99
P2	-84.21	-76.67	-67.65

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-86.5	-59.78	7.595

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-71.09	-59.45	-25.66
P2 Validation	-81.73	-75.12	-70.04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

temperature_1p5pvu — full-period value time series

temperature_1p5pvu — time series comparison

temperature_1p5pvu — availability over append dim

`temperature_1pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-71.83	-52.91	-10.75
P2	-84.08	-76.25	-64.96

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-85.97	-57.25	13.53

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-69.79	-56.19	-23.66
P2 Validation	-81.64	-75.11	-70.64

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

temperature_1pvu — full-period value time series

temperature_1pvu — time series comparison

temperature_1pvu — availability over append dim

`temperature_2m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	2 metre temperature
short_name	2t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-18.15	13.82	40.14
P2	21.91	25.46	28.87

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference at 2026-09-15T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-59.37	7.724	48.13
Reference	-69.5	7.52	45.75

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	14.35	29.45	41.56
P1 Reference	14.06	25.26	40.25
P2 Validation	27.07	28.07	29
P2 Reference	26	28.41	29.25

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

temperature_2m — full-period value time series

temperature_2m — availability over append dim

`temperature_2pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-73.5	-57.02	-21.36
P2	-84.42	-76.95	-67.35

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-86.47	-61.18	6.286

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-71.95	-61.23	-27.47
P2 Validation	-81.84	-74.82	-68.83

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

temperature_2pvu — full-period value time series

temperature_2pvu — time series comparison

temperature_2pvu — availability over append dim

`temperature_30_0mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-20.44	13.3	35.91
P2	20.85	24.4	27.85

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-56.15	7.223	45.85

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	15.25	28.84	38.76
P2 Validation	25.41	26.78	28.33

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

temperature_30_0mb — full-period value time series

temperature_30_0mb — time series comparison

temperature_30_0mb — availability over append dim

`temperature_320k`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this isentropic surface lies below the ground.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-61.45	-23.42	29.85
P2	-5.339	3.937	10.09

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-83.15	-31.93	43.85

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-14.15	6.04	35.58
P2 Validation	1.85	5.199	7.851

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

temperature_320k — full-period value time series

temperature_320k — time series comparison

temperature_320k — availability over append dim

`temperature_450k`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this isentropic surface lies below the ground.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-72.33	-61.59	-53.63
P2	-78.75	-70.87	-65.68

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-87.05	-64.01	-42.45

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-65.68	-62.54	-58.82
P2 Validation	-69.92	-67.45	-64.8

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

temperature_450k — full-period value time series

temperature_450k — time series comparison

temperature_450k — availability over append dim

`temperature_550k`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this isentropic surface lies below the ground.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-70.25	-58.04	-52.77
P2	-67.91	-61.01	-54.01

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-85.77	-60.95	-47.77

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-57.38	-56.02	-54.14
P2 Validation	-59.95	-56.83	-54.58

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

temperature_550k — full-period value time series

temperature_550k — time series comparison

temperature_550k — availability over append dim

`temperature_60_30mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	The 60-30 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-22.95	12.14	32.61
P2	18.6	22.19	25.29

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-49.35	6.186	43.15

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	14.65	27.08	35.8
P2 Validation	23.43	24.4	25.73

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

temperature_60_30mb — full-period value time series

temperature_60_30mb — spatial comparison

temperature_60_30mb — time series comparison

temperature_60_30mb — availability over append dim

`temperature_650k`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this isentropic surface lies below the ground.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-68.33	-54.34	-47.85
P2	-59.89	-53.71	-47.29

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-80.85	-57.1	-47.05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-52.85	-50.88	-48.2
P2 Validation	-54.35	-51.5	-47.44

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

temperature_650k — full-period value time series

temperature_650k — time series comparison

temperature_650k — availability over append dim

`temperature_80m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	80 metre temperature
short_name	80t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-19.96	13.56	37.1
P2	21.15	24.7	28.05

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference at 2026-09-15T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-57.15	7.367	45.85
Reference	-60.25	7.297	43.75

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	14.93	29.2	39.85
P1 Reference	12.88	25.08	37.75
P2 Validation	25.85	27.19	28.25
P2 Reference	24.88	27.59	28.88

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

temperature_80m — full-period value time series

temperature_80m — time series comparison

temperature_80m — availability over append dim

`temperature_90_60mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	The 90-60 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-24.75	11.14	30.12
P2	16.34	20.14	23.15

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-50.75	4.739	39.85

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	14.77	25.27	32.96
P2 Validation	20.75	21.8	23.72

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

temperature_90_60mb — full-period value time series

temperature_90_60mb — spatial comparison

temperature_90_60mb — time series comparison

temperature_90_60mb — availability over append dim

`temperature_max_wind`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	The source searches only 500 to 100 hPa for this level, so stronger wind can lie outside that layer.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-68.34	-52.58	-10.42
P2	-81.53	-57.19	-5.612

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-84.25	-56.68	0.45

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-70.23	-54.67	-10.65
P2 Validation	-81.15	-63.06	-5.91

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

temperature_max_wind — full-period value time series

temperature_max_wind — spatial comparison

temperature_max_wind — time series comparison

temperature_max_wind — availability over append dim

`temperature_minus0p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-68.1	-52.67	-11.88
P2	-83.82	-75.23	-37.5

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-85.85	-56.99	19.05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-71.5	-54.63	-10.56
P2 Validation	-80.33	-71.33	-50.75

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

temperature_minus0p5pvu — full-period value time series

temperature_minus0p5pvu — spatial comparison

temperature_minus0p5pvu — time series comparison

temperature_minus0p5pvu — availability over append dim

`temperature_minus1p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-68.78	-59.59	-44.46
P2	-84.2	-76.48	-42.25

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-84.71	-62.82	5.791

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-60.69	-57.78	-54.87
P2 Validation	-79.95	-73.17	-63.91

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

temperature_minus1p5pvu — full-period value time series

temperature_minus1p5pvu — spatial comparison

temperature_minus1p5pvu — time series comparison

temperature_minus1p5pvu — availability over append dim

`temperature_minus1pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-68.43	-59.98	-43.45
P2	-84.1	-76.25	-48.34

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-85.68	-60.52	11.92

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-59.55	-41.7	-11.78
P2 Validation	-80.2	-73.09	-64.12

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

temperature_minus1pvu — full-period value time series

temperature_minus1pvu — spatial comparison

temperature_minus1pvu — time series comparison

temperature_minus1pvu — availability over append dim

`temperature_minus2pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-69.06	-61.89	-54.54
P2	-84.3	-76.85	-39.42

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-84.59	-64.22	10.13

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-56.15	-56.15	-56.15
P2 Validation	-79.57	-73.36	-64.92

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

temperature_minus2pvu — full-period value time series

temperature_minus2pvu — spatial comparison

temperature_minus2pvu — time series comparison

temperature_minus2pvu — availability over append dim

`temperature_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Skin temperature
short_name	skt
standard_name	surface_temperature
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-15.77	14.81	51.33
P2	21.99	25.65	29.15

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-67.24	8.355	70.86

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	12.56	30.38	48.28
P2 Validation	28.86	29.03	29.25

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

temperature_surface — full-period value time series

temperature_surface — spatial comparison

temperature_surface — time series comparison

temperature_surface — availability over append dim

`temperature_tropopause`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	tropopause_air_temperature
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-73.74	-60.25	-45.08
P2	-87	-79.67	-73.15

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-85.71	-66.55	-16.41

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-72.36	-66.14	-59.15
P2 Validation	-81.51	-77.2	-72.85

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

temperature_tropopause — full-period value time series

temperature_tropopause — spatial comparison

temperature_tropopause — time series comparison

temperature_tropopause — availability over append dim

`total_cloud_cover_atmosphere`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Total cloud cover
short_name	tcc
standard_name	cloud_area_fraction
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours).

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	40.58	100
P2	0	27.94	100

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference at 2026-09-15T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	62.3	100
Reference	0	59.45	100

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	mean	max
P1 Validation	32.15	100
P1 Reference	46.15	100
P2 Validation	71.5	100
P2 Reference	59.59	100

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

total_cloud_cover_atmosphere — full-period value time series

total_cloud_cover_atmosphere — spatial comparison

total_cloud_cover_atmosphere — time series comparison

total_cloud_cover_atmosphere — availability over append dim

`total_ozone_atmosphere`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Total ozone
short_name	tozne
standard_name	equivalent_thickness_at_stp_of_atmosphere_ozone_content
step_type	instant
comment	The thickness the column's ozone would occupy as pure ozone at standard temperature and pressure; 1e-5 m is one Dobson unit.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.002401	0.003143	0.004395
P2	0.002289	0.002568	0.002824

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.001976	0.002823	0.004002

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.002664	0.00282	0.003196
P2 Validation	0.002639	0.002779	0.0029

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

total_ozone_atmosphere — full-period value time series

total_ozone_atmosphere — spatial comparison

total_ozone_atmosphere — time series comparison

total_ozone_atmosphere — availability over append dim

`total_precipitation_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2`
long_name	Total precipitation
short_name	tp
standard_name	precipitation_amount
step_type	accum
comment	Total accumulated in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours).

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.1351	12.89
P2	0	0.09118	2.16

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.6649	116.6

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0.6275	33.4
P2 Validation	0	1.305	24.4

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

total_precipitation_surface — full-period value time series

total_precipitation_surface — spatial comparison

total_precipitation_surface — time series comparison

total_precipitation_surface — availability over append dim

`u_component_storm_motion_6000_0m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U-component storm motion
short_name	ustm
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	The Bunkers right-moving supercell motion.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-14.83	4.082	25.2
P2	-18.55	-9.265	5.193

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-38.58	2.369	40.53

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-10.28	2.184	16.5
P2 Validation	-16.43	-12.7	-2.725

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

u_component_storm_motion_6000_0m — full-period value time series

u_component_storm_motion_6000_0m — spatial comparison

u_component_storm_motion_6000_0m — time series comparison

u_component_storm_motion_6000_0m — availability over append dim

`upward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Surface upward long-wave radiation flux
short_name	sulwrf
standard_name	surface_upwelling_longwave_flux_in_air
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours).

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	249.7	388.2	595
P2	427.6	450.3	472

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	105.8	368	732.8

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	379.2	477.7	597
P2 Validation	469.5	471.3	472.5

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

upward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface — full-period value time series

upward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface — spatial comparison

upward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface — time series comparison

upward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface — availability over append dim

`upward_long_wave_radiation_flux_top_of_atmosphere`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Upward long-wave radiation flux
short_name	ulwrf
standard_name	toa_outgoing_longwave_flux
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours).

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	135.8	246	331.8
P2	206.2	287.8	311.2

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	100.2	228.7	387.2

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	155	281.7	338.3
P2 Validation	165.1	253.9	298.1

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

upward_long_wave_radiation_flux_top_of_atmosphere — full-period value time series

upward_long_wave_radiation_flux_top_of_atmosphere — spatial comparison

upward_long_wave_radiation_flux_top_of_atmosphere — time series comparison

upward_long_wave_radiation_flux_top_of_atmosphere — availability over append dim

`upward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Surface upward short-wave radiation flux
short_name	suswrf
standard_name	surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours).

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	42.07	366
P2	0	19.5	55

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	24.77	515.3

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	43.29	132.9
P2 Validation	0	17.05	53.38

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

upward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — full-period value time series

upward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — spatial comparison

upward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — time series comparison

upward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — availability over append dim

`upward_short_wave_radiation_flux_top_of_atmosphere`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Upward short-wave radiation flux
short_name	uswrf
standard_name	toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours).

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	87.95	820
P2	0	60.65	570

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	82.8	703.5

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	80.26	383.3
P2 Validation	0	77.27	523.5

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

upward_short_wave_radiation_flux_top_of_atmosphere — full-period value time series

upward_short_wave_radiation_flux_top_of_atmosphere — spatial comparison

upward_short_wave_radiation_flux_top_of_atmosphere — time series comparison

upward_short_wave_radiation_flux_top_of_atmosphere — availability over append dim

`uv_b_downward_solar_flux_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	UV-B downward solar flux
short_name	duvb
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Average value in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours). The UV-B portion of the downward shortwave flux at the surface, covering 263-345 nm.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	3.26	17.2
P2	0	5.141	16.8

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	2.554	17.7

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	4.029	14.5
P2 Validation	0	4.947	16.8

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

uv_b_downward_solar_flux_surface — full-period value time series

uv_b_downward_solar_flux_surface — spatial comparison

uv_b_downward_solar_flux_surface — time series comparison

uv_b_downward_solar_flux_surface — availability over append dim

`v_component_storm_motion_6000_0m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V-component storm motion
short_name	vstm
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant
comment	The Bunkers right-moving supercell motion.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-21.34	-5.507	10.19
P2	-9.795	-2.401	9.441

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-41.86	-2.958	37.15

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-13.66	3.111	22.97
P2 Validation	-7.243	2.557	7.946

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

v_component_storm_motion_6000_0m — full-period value time series

v_component_storm_motion_6000_0m — spatial comparison

v_component_storm_motion_6000_0m — time series comparison

v_component_storm_motion_6000_0m — availability over append dim

`ventilation_rate_planetary_boundary_layer`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m2 s-1`
long_name	Ventilation Rate
short_name	VRATE
standard_name	n/a
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	6947	9.1e+04
P2	1000	6101	1.3e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	6719	9.18e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	1.251e+04	6.1e+04
P2 Validation	3800	7786	1.17e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

ventilation_rate_planetary_boundary_layer — full-period value time series

ventilation_rate_planetary_boundary_layer — spatial comparison

ventilation_rate_planetary_boundary_layer — time series comparison

ventilation_rate_planetary_boundary_layer — availability over append dim

`vertical_speed_shear_0p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`s-1`
long_name	Vertical speed shear
short_name	vwsh
standard_name	wind_speed_shear
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.02712	0.0004917	0.0213
P2	-0.02438	-0.002164	0.0138

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-0.03978	-0.0002244	0.04602

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.01336	-0.0004527	0.011
P2 Validation	-0.0256	-0.003879	0.007922

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

vertical_speed_shear_0p5pvu — full-period value time series

vertical_speed_shear_0p5pvu — spatial comparison

vertical_speed_shear_0p5pvu — time series comparison

vertical_speed_shear_0p5pvu — availability over append dim

`vertical_speed_shear_1p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`s-1`
long_name	Vertical speed shear
short_name	vwsh
standard_name	wind_speed_shear
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.01838	-0.0006602	0.01492
P2	-0.02438	-0.00208	0.0138

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-0.03943	-0.0009822	0.04527

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.0183	-0.002343	0.007938
P2 Validation	-0.03038	-0.004785	0.007922

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

vertical_speed_shear_1p5pvu — full-period value time series

vertical_speed_shear_1p5pvu — spatial comparison

vertical_speed_shear_1p5pvu — time series comparison

vertical_speed_shear_1p5pvu — availability over append dim

`vertical_speed_shear_1pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`s-1`
long_name	Vertical speed shear
short_name	vwsh
standard_name	wind_speed_shear
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.0271	-0.0002642	0.0164
P2	-0.02438	-0.002377	0.0138

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-0.03943	-0.000591	0.04857

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.01504	-0.001462	0.01
P2 Validation	-0.03038	-0.004022	0.007922

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

vertical_speed_shear_1pvu — full-period value time series

vertical_speed_shear_1pvu — spatial comparison

vertical_speed_shear_1pvu — time series comparison

vertical_speed_shear_1pvu — availability over append dim

`vertical_speed_shear_2pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`s-1`
long_name	Vertical speed shear
short_name	vwsh
standard_name	wind_speed_shear
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.02038	-0.001274	0.01337
P2	-0.02437	-0.002467	0.01542

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-0.03943	-0.001289	0.03737

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.01832	-0.003041	0.008356
P2 Validation	-0.03038	-0.004879	0.01024

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

vertical_speed_shear_2pvu — full-period value time series

vertical_speed_shear_2pvu — spatial comparison

vertical_speed_shear_2pvu — time series comparison

vertical_speed_shear_2pvu — availability over append dim

`vertical_speed_shear_minus0p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`s-1`
long_name	Vertical speed shear
short_name	vwsh
standard_name	wind_speed_shear
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.02571	-0.003078	0.01482
P2	-0.02363	-0.001951	0.01338

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-0.04273	-0.0003945	0.03757

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.003724	0.002158	0.006793
P2 Validation	-0.02802	-0.002193	0.01029

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

vertical_speed_shear_minus0p5pvu — full-period value time series

vertical_speed_shear_minus0p5pvu — spatial comparison

vertical_speed_shear_minus0p5pvu — time series comparison

vertical_speed_shear_minus0p5pvu — availability over append dim

`vertical_speed_shear_minus1p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`s-1`
long_name	Vertical speed shear
short_name	vwsh
standard_name	wind_speed_shear
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.02573	-0.009092	-0.0007221
P2	-0.02328	-0.002623	0.01162

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-0.04294	-0.001309	0.03306

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.00254	-0.0001894	0.002161
P2 Validation	-0.02797	-0.004124	0.0103

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

vertical_speed_shear_minus1p5pvu — full-period value time series

vertical_speed_shear_minus1p5pvu — spatial comparison

vertical_speed_shear_minus1p5pvu — time series comparison

vertical_speed_shear_minus1p5pvu — availability over append dim

`vertical_speed_shear_minus1pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`s-1`
long_name	Vertical speed shear
short_name	vwsh
standard_name	wind_speed_shear
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.02573	-0.007932	-0.0007221
P2	-0.02328	-0.002514	0.01342

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-0.04294	-0.0008875	0.03756

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.002511	0.00138	0.004161
P2 Validation	-0.02797	-0.002961	0.01094

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

vertical_speed_shear_minus1pvu — full-period value time series

vertical_speed_shear_minus1pvu — spatial comparison

vertical_speed_shear_minus1pvu — time series comparison

vertical_speed_shear_minus1pvu — availability over append dim

`vertical_speed_shear_minus2pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`s-1`
long_name	Vertical speed shear
short_name	vwsh
standard_name	wind_speed_shear
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.02573	-0.01014	-0.0007221
P2	-0.02327	-0.002502	0.01544

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-0.04294	-0.001625	0.03306

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.0008612	0.0008612	0.0008612
P2 Validation	-0.02797	-0.004721	0.0103

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

vertical_speed_shear_minus2pvu — full-period value time series

vertical_speed_shear_minus2pvu — spatial comparison

vertical_speed_shear_minus2pvu — time series comparison

vertical_speed_shear_minus2pvu — availability over append dim

`vertical_speed_shear_tropopause`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`s-1`
long_name	Vertical speed shear
short_name	vwsh
standard_name	wind_speed_shear
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.01583	-0.001242	0.01493
P2	-0.03204	-0.003995	0.01906

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-0.04204	-0.001839	0.03376

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.01174	-0.001566	0.01022
P2 Validation	-0.02282	-0.004115	0.008466

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

vertical_speed_shear_tropopause — full-period value time series

vertical_speed_shear_tropopause — spatial comparison

vertical_speed_shear_tropopause — time series comparison

vertical_speed_shear_tropopause — availability over append dim

`vertical_velocity_0p995_sigma`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa s-1`
long_name	Vertical velocity
short_name	w
standard_name	lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-0.242	-0.001793	0.2912
P2	-0.03237	0.003104	0.02718

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-2.485	0.02639	4.39

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.1957	0.01512	0.1985
P2 Validation	-0.03531	-0.001443	0.01625

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

vertical_velocity_0p995_sigma — full-period value time series

vertical_velocity_0p995_sigma — spatial comparison

vertical_velocity_0p995_sigma — time series comparison

vertical_velocity_0p995_sigma — availability over append dim

`visibility_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Visibility
short_name	vis
standard_name	visibility_in_air
step_type	instant
comment	Clipped at the maximum visibility this field encodes, about 24 km, where a large fraction of cells sit. The true visibility there is at least that far, not absent.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	300	2.3e+04	2.41e+04
P2	1.49e+04	2.396e+04	2.41e+04

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	1.993e+04	2.41e+04

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	2900	2.329e+04	2.41e+04
P2 Validation	3800	2.148e+04	2.41e+04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

visibility_surface — full-period value time series

visibility_surface — time series comparison

visibility_surface — availability over append dim

`volumetric_soil_moisture_0_10cm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Volumetric soil moisture
short_name	vsw
standard_name	volume_fraction_of_condensed_water_in_soil
step_type	instant
comment	NaN over water. Over permanent land ice the value is a placeholder rather than soil moisture: near 1 on fully ice-covered cells and above about 0.5 where ice partly covers the cell.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.083	0.1491	0.292
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.02	0.4622	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.083	0.127	0.314
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

volumetric_soil_moisture_0_10cm — full-period value time series

volumetric_soil_moisture_0_10cm — spatial comparison

volumetric_soil_moisture_0_10cm — time series comparison

volumetric_soil_moisture_0_10cm — availability over append dim

`volumetric_soil_moisture_100_200cm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Volumetric soil moisture
short_name	vsw
standard_name	volume_fraction_of_condensed_water_in_soil
step_type	instant
comment	NaN over water. Over permanent land ice the value is a placeholder rather than soil moisture: near 1 on fully ice-covered cells and above about 0.5 where ice partly covers the cell.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.2084	0.2479	0.2785
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.02951	0.5194	0.9995

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.2395	0.24	0.2405
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

volumetric_soil_moisture_100_200cm — full-period value time series

volumetric_soil_moisture_100_200cm — spatial comparison

volumetric_soil_moisture_100_200cm — time series comparison

volumetric_soil_moisture_100_200cm — availability over append dim

`volumetric_soil_moisture_10_40cm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Volumetric soil moisture
short_name	vsw
standard_name	volume_fraction_of_condensed_water_in_soil
step_type	instant
comment	NaN over water. Over permanent land ice the value is a placeholder rather than soil moisture: near 1 on fully ice-covered cells and above about 0.5 where ice partly covers the cell.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.08636	0.1493	0.274
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.024	0.4752	1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.096	0.1163	0.206
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

volumetric_soil_moisture_10_40cm — full-period value time series

volumetric_soil_moisture_10_40cm — spatial comparison

volumetric_soil_moisture_10_40cm — time series comparison

volumetric_soil_moisture_10_40cm — availability over append dim

`volumetric_soil_moisture_40_100cm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Volumetric soil moisture
short_name	vsw
standard_name	volume_fraction_of_condensed_water_in_soil
step_type	instant
comment	NaN over water. Over permanent land ice the value is a placeholder rather than soil moisture: near 1 on fully ice-covered cells and above about 0.5 where ice partly covers the cell.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.08505	0.1274	0.259
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.02388	0.4743	0.9999

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.08467	0.08628	0.09123
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

volumetric_soil_moisture_40_100cm — full-period value time series

volumetric_soil_moisture_40_100cm — spatial comparison

volumetric_soil_moisture_40_100cm — time series comparison

volumetric_soil_moisture_40_100cm — availability over append dim

`water_runoff_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2`
long_name	Water runoff
short_name	watr
standard_name	runoff_amount
step_type	accum
comment	Total accumulated in the last 6 hour period (lead times 6, 12, 18, ... hours) or 3 hour period (lead times 3, 9, 15, ... hours). NaN over water.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0	0.0101	1.013
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.1181	133.4

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.0024	0.03502	2.534
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

water_runoff_surface — full-period value time series

water_runoff_surface — spatial comparison

water_runoff_surface — time series comparison

water_runoff_surface — availability over append dim

`wilting_point_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Wilting point
short_name	wilt
standard_name	volume_fraction_of_condensed_water_in_soil_at_wilting_point
step_type	instant
comment	NaN over water.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.0836	0.0836	0.0836
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.0118	0.05687	0.4

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.0836	0.0836	0.0836
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wilting_point_surface — full-period value time series

wilting_point_surface — spatial comparison

wilting_point_surface — time series comparison

wilting_point_surface — availability over append dim

`wind_gust_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	Wind speed (gust)
short_name	gust
standard_name	wind_speed_of_gust
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	0.8	7.936	21.3
P2	2.644	7.95	13.37

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference at 2026-09-15T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.1066	8.385	39.41
Reference	0.0009689	8.661	39

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.7006	9.996	20.41
P1 Reference	1.094	7.414	16.5
P2 Validation	6.009	8.491	11.28
P2 Reference	0.9141	5.376	10.38

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_gust_surface — full-period value time series

wind_gust_surface — time series comparison

wind_gust_surface — availability over append dim

`wind_u_0p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-11.98	20.8	68.13
P2	-21.16	7.642	46.86

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-54.39	6.752	86.91

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-10.95	13.75	35.36
P2 Validation	-25.67	-6.563	9.152

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_u_0p5pvu — full-period value time series

wind_u_0p5pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_u_0p995_sigma`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-9.658	0.06538	15.7
P2	-10.03	-6.283	3.527

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-23.66	0.2276	26.98

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-10.03	0.3161	8.295
P2 Validation	-9.307	-6.213	-3.071

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_u_0p995_sigma — full-period value time series

wind_u_0p995_sigma — time series comparison

wind_u_0p995_sigma — availability over append dim

`wind_u_100m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	100 metre U wind component
short_name	100u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-11.68	0.06945	17.13
P2	-10.84	-6.699	3.659

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference at 2026-09-15T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-26.98	0.2837	30.18
Reference	-37	0.8543	29.5

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-10.97	0.3803	9.246
P1 Reference	-10.88	-1.789	9.75
P2 Validation	-9.746	-6.455	-3.174
P2 Reference	-7.188	-3.508	1.891

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_u_100m — full-period value time series

wind_u_100m — availability over append dim

`wind_u_10m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	10 metre U wind component
short_name	10u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-7.795	-0.02138	12.86
P2	-9.151	-5.706	3.312

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference at 2026-09-15T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-21.15	0.1706	23.47
Reference	-29.5	0.6006	24

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-8.468	0.1457	7.267
P1 Reference	-7.25	-1.301	6.5
P2 Validation	-8.519	-5.762	-2.824
P2 Reference	-6.438	-3.18	1.906

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_u_10m — full-period value time series

wind_u_10m — availability over append dim

`wind_u_120_90mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	The 120-90 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-10.46	3.061	21.78
P2	-20.1	-9.317	3.071

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-39.92	1.308	38.22

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-12.12	2.863	12.89
P2 Validation	-11.42	-7.224	-2.994

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_u_120_90mb — full-period value time series

wind_u_120_90mb — time series comparison

wind_u_120_90mb — availability over append dim

`wind_u_150_120mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	The 150-120 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-6.126	4.155	22.69
P2	-20.43	-9.564	3.042

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-38.37	1.785	41.67

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-10.94	3.168	12.47
P2 Validation	-11.56	-6.328	-1.059

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_u_150_120mb — full-period value time series

wind_u_150_120mb — time series comparison

wind_u_150_120mb — availability over append dim

`wind_u_180_150mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	The 180-150 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-5.739	5.185	23.42
P2	-20.94	-9.565	2.822

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-39.43	2.229	43.45

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-8.918	3.493	14.14
P2 Validation	-11.06	-4.797	1.352

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_u_180_150mb — full-period value time series

wind_u_180_150mb — time series comparison

wind_u_180_150mb — availability over append dim

`wind_u_1p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-13.18	22.23	70.52
P2	-21.02	5.479	45.87

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-57.11	6.891	80.09

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-11.66	13.86	31.77
P2 Validation	-25.92	-4.761	8.867

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_u_1p5pvu — full-period value time series

wind_u_1p5pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_u_1pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-13.13	21.67	69.01
P2	-21.13	6.338	41.49

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-53.4	6.761	83.5

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-10.96	13.88	33.56
P2 Validation	-25.36	-5.607	9.052

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_u_1pvu — full-period value time series

wind_u_1pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_u_2pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-13.09	22.39	72.1
P2	-20.98	4.737	44.36

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-58.41	6.96	79.19

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-12.99	13.8	30.38
P2 Validation	-27.16	-3.562	10.04

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_u_2pvu — full-period value time series

wind_u_2pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_u_30_0mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-12.22	0.1267	17.46
P2	-10.82	-6.7	3.648

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-27.7	0.2821	30.18

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-11.24	0.5296	9.332
P2 Validation	-9.727	-6.444	-3.177

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_u_30_0mb — full-period value time series

wind_u_30_0mb — availability over append dim

`wind_u_320k`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this isentropic surface lies below the ground.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-9.054	16.66	56.16
P2	-18.63	-5.616	12.31

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-51.26	9.247	85.34

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-3.431	6.533	17.04
P2 Validation	-12.65	-6.495	-1.063

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_u_320k — full-period value time series

wind_u_320k — availability over append dim

`wind_u_450k`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this isentropic surface lies below the ground.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-7.901	8.58	34.9
P2	-24.08	-0.6957	27.03

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-20.08	10.8	75.55

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-8.256	1.722	10.52
P2 Validation	-6.368	-0.1802	8.484

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_u_450k — full-period value time series

wind_u_450k — availability over append dim

`wind_u_550k`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this isentropic surface lies below the ground.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-11.94	1.152	37.33
P2	-36.46	-7.409	23.09

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-18.5	12.55	91.05

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-8.1	-2.269	5.753
P2 Validation	6.687	15.7	22.24

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_u_550k — full-period value time series

wind_u_550k — availability over append dim

`wind_u_60_30mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	The 60-30 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-16.33	0.8122	19.84
P2	-13.18	-7.608	3.719

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-34.44	0.5391	34.24

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-18.26	1.463	10.56
P2 Validation	-10.45	-6.839	-3.376

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_u_60_30mb — full-period value time series

wind_u_60_30mb — availability over append dim

`wind_u_650k`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this isentropic surface lies below the ground.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-15.89	0.204	42.92
P2	-39.11	-7.668	25

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-19.78	14.56	98.01

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-8.988	-2.645	4.915
P2 Validation	12.1	18.88	23.63

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_u_650k — full-period value time series

wind_u_650k — availability over append dim

`wind_u_80m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	80 metre U wind component
short_name	80u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-11.18	0.05979	16.79
P2	-10.63	-6.6	3.629

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference at 2026-09-15T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-26.1	0.27	29.32
Reference	-36.5	0.8249	29

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-10.72	0.3518	9.061
P1 Reference	-10.5	-1.746	9.625
P2 Validation	-9.658	-6.403	-3.148
P2 Reference	-7.125	-3.481	1.891

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_u_80m — full-period value time series

wind_u_80m — availability over append dim

`wind_u_90_60mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	The 90-60 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-17.71	1.905	20.92
P2	-18.29	-8.546	3.285

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-38.9	0.9021	36.52

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-15.55	2.366	13.31
P2 Validation	-10.86	-7.164	-3.633

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_u_90_60mb — full-period value time series

wind_u_90_60mb — availability over append dim

`wind_u_max_wind`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	The source searches only 500 to 100 hPa for this level, so stronger wind can lie outside that layer.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-15.22	28.82	73.29
P2	-28.67	13.53	53.4

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-59.91	15.88	94.99

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-19.03	16.49	39.85
P2 Validation	-34.8	-17.33	12.62

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_u_max_wind — full-period value time series

wind_u_max_wind — time series comparison

wind_u_max_wind — availability over append dim

`wind_u_minus0p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-12.58	18.01	36.49
P2	-19.71	7.78	47.98

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-54.87	13.82	92.03

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-11.98	15.11	37.1
P2 Validation	-26.05	-6.143	8.212

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_u_minus0p5pvu — full-period value time series

wind_u_minus0p5pvu — time series comparison

wind_u_minus0p5pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_u_minus1p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	2.627	22.86	35.63
P2	-20	6.25	36.38

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-55	14.32	94.2

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	18.78	22.77	26.76
P2 Validation	-26.21	-5.552	12.14

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_u_minus1p5pvu — full-period value time series

wind_u_minus1p5pvu — time series comparison

wind_u_minus1p5pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_u_minus1pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	3.422	20.27	36.02
P2	-19.92	7.024	40.31

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-56.85	13.86	93.55

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	12.98	19.38	27.36
P2 Validation	-26.18	-5.561	14.62

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_u_minus1pvu — full-period value time series

wind_u_minus1pvu — time series comparison

wind_u_minus1pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_u_minus2pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	14.01	25.32	35.23
P2	-20.22	5.594	35.43

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-56.39	14.61	93.21

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	19.23	19.23	19.23
P2 Validation	-26.67	-5.875	8.826

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_u_minus2pvu — full-period value time series

wind_u_minus2pvu — time series comparison

wind_u_minus2pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_u_planetary_boundary_layer`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	The mean wind through the depth of the planetary boundary layer, not the wind at its top.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-14.13	0.3571	23.1
P2	-13.62	-7.464	3.764

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-32.5	0.4795	37.1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-12.58	1.152	9.003
P2 Validation	-10.48	-6.846	-3.586

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_u_planetary_boundary_layer — full-period value time series

wind_u_planetary_boundary_layer — spatial comparison

wind_u_planetary_boundary_layer — time series comparison

wind_u_planetary_boundary_layer — availability over append dim

`wind_u_tropopause`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-11.84	23.14	70.71
P2	-24.78	8.674	40.79

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-50	11.98	90.2

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-17.4	13.38	30.76
P2 Validation	-30.39	-14.09	8.798

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_u_tropopause — full-period value time series

wind_u_tropopause — time series comparison

wind_u_tropopause — availability over append dim

`wind_v_0p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-45.15	-0.5457	55.65
P2	-24.27	-2.57	14.12

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-56.88	-0.5748	66.62

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-19.89	7.987	28.3
P2 Validation	-10.64	-2.49	7.937

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_v_0p5pvu — full-period value time series

wind_v_0p5pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_v_0p995_sigma`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-13.48	0.2924	12.91
P2	-4.554	1.504	7.328

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-28.65	0.4284	27.61

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-10.08	5.033	16.68
P2 Validation	-2.137	4.879	7.536

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_v_0p995_sigma — full-period value time series

wind_v_0p995_sigma — time series comparison

wind_v_0p995_sigma — availability over append dim

`wind_v_100m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	100 metre V wind component
short_name	100v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-15.97	0.4326	15.91
P2	-4.753	1.6	7.611

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference at 2026-09-15T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-32.43	0.4495	30.74
Reference	-26.25	0.5498	27.25

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-12.84	6.01	19.24
P1 Reference	-10.25	2.994	13.5
P2 Validation	-2.271	5.062	7.83
P2 Reference	-1.969	3.263	9.125

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_v_100m — full-period value time series

wind_v_100m — availability over append dim

`wind_v_10m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	10 metre V wind component
short_name	10v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-10.95	0.1928	10.92
P2	-4.205	1.366	6.756

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference at 2026-09-15T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-25.45	0.3965	23.99
Reference	-21.25	0.4889	22.5

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-7.654	4.015	14.04
P1 Reference	-7	1.828	10
P2 Validation	-2	4.539	7.036
P2 Reference	-1.812	2.951	8.125

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_v_10m — full-period value time series

wind_v_10m — availability over append dim

`wind_v_120_90mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	The 120-90 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-23.3	0.03213	20.16
P2	-4.554	2.093	8.379

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-40.83	0.1399	35.82

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-14.67	7.704	26.29
P2 Validation	-0.2464	4.557	8.193

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_v_120_90mb — full-period value time series

wind_v_120_90mb — time series comparison

wind_v_120_90mb — availability over append dim

`wind_v_150_120mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	The 150-120 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-24.81	-0.4254	17.03
P2	-5.486	1.721	9.557

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-39.93	0.04156	36.78

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-11.91	7.643	20.47
P2 Validation	-1.665	3.015	8.048

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_v_150_120mb — full-period value time series

wind_v_150_120mb — time series comparison

wind_v_150_120mb — availability over append dim

`wind_v_180_150mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	The 180-150 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-26.29	-0.8327	16.31
P2	-5.971	1.068	9.413

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-39.77	-0.0418	36.92

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-10.15	7.653	20.07
P2 Validation	-3.727	1.263	7.473

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_v_180_150mb — full-period value time series

wind_v_180_150mb — time series comparison

wind_v_180_150mb — availability over append dim

`wind_v_1p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-43.04	-0.2094	53.87
P2	-22.23	-2.243	9.41

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-48	-0.3066	58.3

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-19.41	8.863	34.6
P2 Validation	-10.11	-1.893	7.285

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_v_1p5pvu — full-period value time series

wind_v_1p5pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_v_1pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-44.46	-0.4741	54.73
P2	-23.36	-2.438	13.93

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-54.52	-0.3974	64.58

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-19.6	8.595	28.87
P2 Validation	-10.38	-2.115	7.602

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_v_1pvu — full-period value time series

wind_v_1pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_v_2pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-43.5	-0.2018	52.94
P2	-22.42	-2.143	8.842

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-47.6	-0.2505	58.4

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-19.13	8.842	32.93
P2 Validation	-10.78	-1.764	7.063

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_v_2pvu — full-period value time series

wind_v_2pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_v_30_0mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-16.41	0.5282	17
P2	-4.747	1.601	7.594

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-32.87	0.4079	30.85

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-13.68	6.365	20.59
P2 Validation	-2.241	5.05	7.803

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_v_30_0mb — full-period value time series

wind_v_30_0mb — availability over append dim

`wind_v_320k`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this isentropic surface lies below the ground.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-45.94	-0.3618	40.35
P2	-10.22	-0.6757	9.797

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-68.58	0.01021	59.22

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-6.663	6.233	19.61
P2 Validation	-4.832	0.9506	5.728

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_v_320k — full-period value time series

wind_v_320k — availability over append dim

`wind_v_450k`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this isentropic surface lies below the ground.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-18.81	-0.6775	14.17
P2	-12.75	-0.261	9.679

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-33.32	0.03549	40.1

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-6.69	1.824	9.513
P2 Validation	-7.164	-1.22	4.096

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_v_450k — full-period value time series

wind_v_450k — availability over append dim

`wind_v_550k`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this isentropic surface lies below the ground.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-17.05	-1.828	7.977
P2	-9.659	-0.2836	6.988

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-31.24	0.04337	39.73

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-4.264	0.01611	5.623
P2 Validation	-7.359	-1.391	6.619

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_v_550k — full-period value time series

wind_v_550k — availability over append dim

`wind_v_60_30mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	The 60-30 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-20.11	0.7965	20.52
P2	-5.025	1.839	8.037

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-37.57	0.2615	33.3

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-18.1	7.925	26.79
P2 Validation	-2.05	5.306	8.108

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_v_60_30mb — full-period value time series

wind_v_60_30mb — availability over append dim

`wind_v_650k`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this isentropic surface lies below the ground.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-21.05	-1.647	11.54
P2	-7.983	0.1754	6.79

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-34.67	-0.07754	38.64

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-4.55	0.05229	4.913
P2 Validation	-8.819	-0.7465	5.989

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_v_650k — full-period value time series

wind_v_650k — availability over append dim

`wind_v_80m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	80 metre V wind component
short_name	80v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-15.4	0.3895	15.21
P2	-4.715	1.575	7.544

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference at 2026-09-15T12:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-31.52	0.4456	30.02
Reference	-25.75	0.5461	26.5

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-12.2	5.765	18.29
P1 Reference	-9.75	2.826	13.25
P2 Validation	-2.245	5.025	7.756
P2 Reference	-1.984	3.242	9.125

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_v_80m — full-period value time series

wind_v_80m — availability over append dim

`wind_v_90_60mb`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	The 90-60 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-21.82	0.5405	20.88
P2	-4.779	2.029	8.285

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-38.97	0.2038	34.61

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-17.82	7.992	28.6
P2 Validation	-1.18	5.296	8.29

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_v_90_60mb — full-period value time series

wind_v_90_60mb — availability over append dim

`wind_v_max_wind`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	The source searches only 500 to 100 hPa for this level, so stronger wind can lie outside that layer.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-49.59	-0.009145	55.68
P2	-26.23	-3.535	28.4

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-69.9	-0.2874	68.9

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-20.45	10.79	35.95
P2 Validation	-18.82	-4.827	9.394

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_v_max_wind — full-period value time series

wind_v_max_wind — time series comparison

wind_v_max_wind — availability over append dim

`wind_v_minus0p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-21.34	-1.655	23.7
P2	-14.83	0.3431	15.79

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-68.14	0.5112	65.46

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-16.8	2.218	19.11
P2 Validation	-13.86	-2.076	6.805

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_v_minus0p5pvu — full-period value time series

wind_v_minus0p5pvu — time series comparison

wind_v_minus0p5pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_v_minus1p5pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-19.47	0.731	12.46
P2	-10.48	1.046	16.28

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-68.69	0.3299	63.81

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	3.264	7.252	11.24
P2 Validation	-10.19	-1.459	4.369

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_v_minus1p5pvu — full-period value time series

wind_v_minus1p5pvu — time series comparison

wind_v_minus1p5pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_v_minus1pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-19.98	-0.09377	12.36
P2	-13.73	0.6521	16.08

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-69.09	0.3211	63.61

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-2.801	4.158	11.53
P2 Validation	-10.57	-1.509	8.791

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_v_minus1pvu — full-period value time series

wind_v_minus1pvu — time series comparison

wind_v_minus1pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_v_minus2pvu`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	NaN where this potential vorticity surface does not exist in the column.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-18.91	0.148	12.68
P2	-14.46	1.1	16.11

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-68.33	0.3227	63.27

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	11.22	11.22	11.22
P2 Validation	-9.696	-1.71	4.094

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_v_minus2pvu — full-period value time series

wind_v_minus2pvu — time series comparison

wind_v_minus2pvu — availability over append dim

`wind_v_planetary_boundary_layer`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
comment	The mean wind through the depth of the planetary boundary layer, not the wind at its top.

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-22.06	0.3916	18.71
P2	-4.922	1.814	8.035

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-37.02	0.4407	34.18

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-15.71	7.072	25.33
P2 Validation	-1.822	5.231	7.884

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_v_planetary_boundary_layer — full-period value time series

wind_v_planetary_boundary_layer — spatial comparison

wind_v_planetary_boundary_layer — time series comparison

wind_v_planetary_boundary_layer — availability over append dim

`wind_v_tropopause`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2020-10-01T00:00 - 2026-09-19T12:00, sampled lead=3h, member=0

Point	min	mean	max
P1	-48.1	0.1738	50.42
P2	-18.03	-1.043	18.3

Spatial — init=2026-09-01T00:00, lead=348h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-59.3	0.2461	58.6

Temporal — init=2026-09-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-19.71	7.202	24.2
P2 Validation	-14.08	-1.837	9.526

Availability — 8719 of 8719 positions complete

wind_v_tropopause — full-period value time series

wind_v_tropopause — time series comparison

wind_v_tropopause — availability over append dim