Catalog > ECMWF IFS ENS forecast, 46 day, daily, 1.5 degree > Validation report

ECMWF IFS ENS forecast, 46 day, daily, 1.5 degree validation report

This dataset validation report plots a sample of values from the ECMWF IFS ENS forecast, 46 day, daily, 1.5 degree dataset over time and across space, comparing where possible to a previously validated reference dataset. It also reports the quantity of unavailable values and their associated timestamps. These analyses are one layer of a multi-layered dataset validation process we perform at dynamical.org and also provide users a preview of the dataset contents.

Report generation start time: 2026-09-14T19:32:24 UTC

Summary

This dataset has been reviewed and is ready for use. Soil moisture and the snow fields change character at the 2026-05-13 initialization; see the review notes before comparing across that date.

What looks good

Every variable is present at every initialization from 2026-01-01 through 2026-09-12.
Direct source spot checks passed for pressure, cloud cover, shortwave radiation and precipitation.
Coordinates and map geometry are correct on every field, and land-only, sea-only and snow-only variables follow the expected coastlines and snow cover.
Variables are physically consistent with one another: daily minimum temperature never exceeds the maximum, total runoff is slightly larger than surface runoff, and deep soil layers change more slowly than shallow ones.
No quantization banding, placeholder values or unexplained flat stretches, and the additional ensemble members inspected look like the primary one.
Where NOAA GEFS analysis has an equivalent variable, large-scale spatial patterns are consistent. GEFS is an independent model, and several fields use different averaging or extrema windows, so point values and distribution tails differ.

Review notes

The source model changed between the 2026-05-12 and 2026-05-13 initializations (ECMWF IFS Cycle 50r1). From 2026-05-13, snow_density_surface and snow_albedo_surface are populated over sea ice, where they were previously missing, and soil moisture steps down: at 40.5°N 100.5°W, lead 24 hours, the ensemble mean of soil_moisture_0_100cm falls from about 267 to 203 kg m⁻³ between those two initializations (soil_moisture_0_20cm from 210 to 160). Avoid trend or anomaly comparisons of soil moisture or the snow fields that straddle that date.

Datasets

Role	Name	ID	Version	URL
Validation	ECMWF IFS ENS forecast, 46 day, daily, 1.5 degree	`ecmwf-ifs-ens-forecast-46-day-daily-1-5-degree`	`v0.2.0`	`s3://dynamical-ecmwf-ifs-ens/ecmwf-ifs-ens-forecast-46-day-daily-1-5-degree/v0.2.0.icechunk`
Reference	NOAA GEFS analysis	`noaa-gefs-analysis`	`0.1.2`	`s3://dynamical-noaa-gefs/noaa-gefs-analysis/v0.1.2.icechunk/`

Run parameters

Parameter	Value
Validation dataset type	forecast
Validation time range	init_time 2026-01-01T00:00 → 2026-09-12T00:00
Reference time range	time 2000-01-01T00:00 → 2026-09-14T12:00
Point 1	lat=40.5000, lon=-105.0000
Point 2	lat=0.0000, lon=-150.0000
Ensemble member	84
Spatial comparison time	init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference at 2026-07-02T00:00)
Timeseries period	init=2026-07-01T00:00
Vertical level	override 500

Availability

The plot below shows the availability of each variable over time — light red marks unavailable data, dark green marks present data.

availability heatmap

Every variable is complete at every scanned position.

Per-variable details

`average_convective_available_potential_energy_atmosphere`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`J kg-1`
long_name	Convective available potential energy
short_name	cape
standard_name	atmosphere_convective_available_potential_energy
step_type	avg
comment	Mean convective available potential energy over the previous 24 hours. At each time ECMWF takes the largest CAPE among air parcels lifted from model levels below 350 hPa.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	1.893	334.9	316.9	873.2
P2	320.4	1308	462.3	1683

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	321.2	6912

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	19.75	701.5	1800
P2 Validation	422	1449	2336

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1184730, P2 0/1184730

average_convective_available_potential_energy_atmosphere — full-period value time series

average_convective_available_potential_energy_atmosphere — spatial comparison

average_convective_available_potential_energy_atmosphere — time series comparison

average_convective_available_potential_energy_atmosphere — availability over append dim

`average_dew_point_temperature_2m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Mean 2 metre dewpoint temperature in the last 24 hours
short_name	mn2d24
standard_name	dew_point_temperature
step_type	avg
comment	Mean 2 metre dewpoint temperature over the previous 24 hours.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	-10.11	2.791	4.304	13.01
P2	21.84	23.67	0.6525	24.18

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-69	3.683	29.75

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-1.359	11.76	17.62
P2 Validation	23	24.07	25.12

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1184730, P2 0/1184730

average_dew_point_temperature_2m — full-period value time series

average_dew_point_temperature_2m — spatial comparison

average_dew_point_temperature_2m — time series comparison

average_dew_point_temperature_2m — availability over append dim

`average_temperature_2m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Mean temperature at 2 metres in the last 24 hours
short_name	mean2t24
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	avg
comment	Mean temperature at 2 metres over the previous 24 hours.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	-3.029	12.95	4.294	23.5
P2	25.06	27.29	0.5285	28.54

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-69	8.253	43.75

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	16.88	23.15	27.38
P2 Validation	27.12	28.08	29.12

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1184730, P2 0/1184730

average_temperature_2m — full-period value time series

average_temperature_2m — spatial comparison

average_temperature_2m — time series comparison

average_temperature_2m — availability over append dim

`downward_latent_heat_flux_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Time-mean surface latent heat flux
short_name	mslhfl
standard_name	surface_downward_latent_heat_flux
step_type	avg
comment	Average surface downward latent heat flux over the previous 24 hours.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	-94.61	-54.31	21.24	-9.418
P2	-158.7	-110.8	27.85	-75.19

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-462	-71.41	49.75

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-108	-67.86	-33.5
P2 Validation	-196	-135.4	-86

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1184730, P2 0/1184730

downward_latent_heat_flux_surface — full-period value time series

downward_latent_heat_flux_surface — spatial comparison

downward_latent_heat_flux_surface — time series comparison

downward_latent_heat_flux_surface — availability over append dim

`downward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Surface downward long-wave radiation flux
short_name	sdlwrf
standard_name	surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air
step_type	avg
comment	Average surface downward long-wave radiation flux over the previous 24 hours.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	225.2	295.1	24.23	351.9
P2	394.6	419.1	8.218	433

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference at 2026-07-02T00:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	58	320.9	466
Reference	57.25	313.3	480

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	306	351.8	384
P1 Reference	284	353.7	428
P2 Validation	404	426.8	438
P2 Reference	388	415.2	440

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1184730, P2 0/1184730

downward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface — full-period value time series

downward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface — spatial comparison

downward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface — time series comparison

downward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface — availability over append dim

`downward_sensible_heat_flux_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Time-mean surface sensible heat flux
short_name	msshfl
standard_name	surface_downward_sensible_heat_flux
step_type	avg
comment	Average surface downward sensible heat flux over the previous 24 hours.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	-61.88	-39.21	21.69	2.74
P2	-12.9	-6.55	3.441	-2.325

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-350	-12.39	84.5

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-103	-54.63	2.625
P2 Validation	-20.88	-9.068	-2.25

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1184730, P2 0/1184730

downward_sensible_heat_flux_surface — full-period value time series

downward_sensible_heat_flux_surface — spatial comparison

downward_sensible_heat_flux_surface — time series comparison

downward_sensible_heat_flux_surface — availability over append dim

`downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Surface downward short-wave radiation flux
short_name	sdswrf
standard_name	surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air
step_type	avg
comment	Average surface downward short-wave radiation flux over the previous 24 hours.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	115	231.1	50.52	294.1
P2	219.2	253.6	30.33	290.6

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference at 2026-07-02T00:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	157.9	420
Reference	0	167.6	952

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	82	262.3	340
P1 Reference	0	306.2	1000
P2 Validation	84	219.8	278
P2 Reference	0	274.3	832

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1184730, P2 0/1184730

downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — full-period value time series

downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — spatial comparison

downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — time series comparison

downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — availability over append dim

`eastward_turbulent_surface_stress`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Time-mean eastward turbulent surface stress
short_name	avg_iews
standard_name	surface_downward_eastward_stress
step_type	avg
comment	Average eastward turbulent surface stress over the previous 24 hours.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	-0.05707	0.01531	0.1163	0.1479
P2	-0.08868	-0.04265	0.02342	-0.01432

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-4.531	0.02008	1.656

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.2061	-0.0415	0.05322
P2 Validation	-0.1099	-0.03966	-0.002365

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1184730, P2 0/1184730

eastward_turbulent_surface_stress — full-period value time series

eastward_turbulent_surface_stress — spatial comparison

eastward_turbulent_surface_stress — time series comparison

eastward_turbulent_surface_stress — availability over append dim

`maximum_temperature_2m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Maximum temperature
short_name	tmax
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	max
comment	Maximum temperature at 2 metres over the previous 24 hours.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	4.525	21.37	5.316	31.95
P2	25.44	27.89	0.4957	29.37

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference at 2026-07-02T00:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-68.5	10.35	49.5
Reference	-61.5	9.604	44

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	20.38	31.08	36.25
P1 Reference	12.94	28.86	39.25
P2 Validation	27.75	28.76	29.88
P2 Reference	27.25	28.49	29.5

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1184730, P2 0/1184730

maximum_temperature_2m — full-period value time series

maximum_temperature_2m — spatial comparison

maximum_temperature_2m — time series comparison

maximum_temperature_2m — availability over append dim

`minimum_temperature_2m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Minimum temperature
short_name	tmin
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	min
comment	Minimum temperature at 2 metres over the previous 24 hours.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	-8.462	5.827	3.71	15.51
P2	24.67	26.56	0.6961	27.48

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference at 2026-07-02T00:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-71.5	6.147	37
Reference	-69.5	7.854	39

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	11.38	15.47	19.62
P1 Reference	8.938	22.71	37
P2 Validation	25.62	27.24	28.5
P2 Reference	26.38	28.13	29.5

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1184730, P2 0/1184730

minimum_temperature_2m — full-period value time series

minimum_temperature_2m — spatial comparison

minimum_temperature_2m — time series comparison

minimum_temperature_2m — availability over append dim

`net_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Surface net long-wave radiation flux
short_name	snlwrf
standard_name	surface_net_downward_longwave_flux
step_type	avg
comment	Average surface net long-wave radiation flux over the previous 24 hours.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	-100.6	-87.29	23.48	-68.53
P2	-54.95	-47.13	7.497	-43.82

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-181	-47.01	29.5

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-134	-90.29	-37
P2 Validation	-67.5	-44.93	-31.88

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1184730, P2 0/1184730

net_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface — full-period value time series

net_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface — spatial comparison

net_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface — time series comparison

net_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface — availability over append dim

`net_long_wave_radiation_flux_top_of_atmosphere`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Top net long-wave radiation flux
short_name	tnlwrf
standard_name	toa_net_downward_longwave_flux
step_type	avg
comment	Average top net long-wave radiation flux over the previous 24 hours.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	-251.3	-232.9	24.18	-209.5
P2	-291.3	-264.9	26.38	-223.8

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-356	-226.3	-97.5

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-278	-240.8	-149
P2 Validation	-304	-238.5	-126.5

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1184730, P2 0/1184730

net_long_wave_radiation_flux_top_of_atmosphere — full-period value time series

net_long_wave_radiation_flux_top_of_atmosphere — spatial comparison

net_long_wave_radiation_flux_top_of_atmosphere — time series comparison

net_long_wave_radiation_flux_top_of_atmosphere — availability over append dim

`net_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`W m-2`
long_name	Surface net short-wave radiation flux
short_name	snswrf
standard_name	surface_net_downward_shortwave_flux
step_type	avg
comment	Average surface net short-wave radiation flux over the previous 24 hours.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	71.89	184.4	44.11	245.6
P2	208.5	241.5	29.2	277.1

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	1.192e-05	129.2	346

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	69	219.2	284
P2 Validation	79	209.1	266

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1184730, P2 0/1184730

net_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — full-period value time series

net_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — spatial comparison

net_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — time series comparison

net_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface — availability over append dim

`northward_turbulent_surface_stress`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Time-mean northward turbulent surface stress
short_name	avg_inss
standard_name	surface_downward_northward_stress
step_type	avg
comment	Average northward turbulent surface stress over the previous 24 hours.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	-0.07406	-0.01305	0.08664	0.03212
P2	-0.008145	0.01005	0.01381	0.02551

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-1.203	0.008916	2.062

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-0.2051	0.01148	0.1504
P2 Validation	-0.004913	0.01882	0.06226

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1184730, P2 0/1184730

northward_turbulent_surface_stress — full-period value time series

northward_turbulent_surface_stress — spatial comparison

northward_turbulent_surface_stress — time series comparison

northward_turbulent_surface_stress — availability over append dim

`precipitation_convective_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2 s-1`
long_name	Convective precipitation rate
short_name	cpr
standard_name	convective_precipitation_flux
step_type	avg
comment	Average convective precipitation rate over the previous 24 hours. Units equivalent to mm/s. Can slightly exceed precipitation_surface, as can rates derived by differencing the ECMWF source accumulations.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	1.779e-06	1.402e-05	2.794e-05	2.557e-05
P2	1.485e-06	3.058e-05	4.698e-05	8.674e-05

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	1.571e-05	0.0009727

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	1.988e-05	0.0001268
P2 Validation	0	6.027e-05	0.0004644

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1184730, P2 0/1184730

precipitation_convective_surface — full-period value time series

precipitation_convective_surface — spatial comparison

precipitation_convective_surface — time series comparison

precipitation_convective_surface — availability over append dim

`precipitation_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2 s-1`
long_name	Precipitation rate
short_name	prate
standard_name	precipitation_flux
step_type	avg
comment	Average precipitation rate over the previous 24 hours. Units equivalent to mm/s.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	7.344e-06	2.381e-05	4.822e-05	4.259e-05
P2	2.518e-06	4.533e-05	6.209e-05	0.0001259

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference at 2026-07-02T00:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	3.293e-05	0.001263
Reference	0	3.008e-05	0.006287

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	mean	max
P1 Validation	2.656e-05	0.0001402
P1 Reference	1.428e-05	0.001038
P2 Validation	8.277e-05	0.000555
P2 Reference	5.626e-05	0.0006409

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1184730, P2 0/1184730

precipitation_surface — full-period value time series

precipitation_surface — spatial comparison

precipitation_surface — time series comparison

precipitation_surface — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/geopotential_height`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Geopotential height
short_name	gh
standard_name	geopotential_height
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	5577	5770	71.33	5938
P2	5838	5865	9.641	5880

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	4574	5560	6004

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	5822	5933	6008
P2 Validation	5856	5872	5884

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1210485, P2 0/1210485

pressure_level/geopotential_height — full-period value time series

pressure_level/geopotential_height — spatial comparison

pressure_level/geopotential_height — time series comparison

pressure_level/geopotential_height — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/specific_humidity`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Specific humidity
short_name	q
standard_name	specific_humidity
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500
comment	The source provides no 10, 50 or 100 hPa levels for this variable; those levels are always NaN.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	0.00055	0.001847	0.0008163	0.003488
P2	0.0008283	0.002097	0.001135	0.003563

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	6.855e-06	0.001039	0.006714

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0.00106	0.003377	0.005707
P2 Validation	0.0001736	0.002481	0.005219

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1210485, P2 0/1210485

pressure_level/specific_humidity — full-period value time series

pressure_level/specific_humidity — spatial comparison

pressure_level/specific_humidity — time series comparison

pressure_level/specific_humidity — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/temperature`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Temperature
short_name	t
standard_name	air_temperature
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	-22.75	-12.84	3.312	-4.849
P2	-5.232	-4.167	0.8216	-3.36

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-49.25	-17.65	3.625

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-10.62	-5.399	-2.297
P2 Validation	-5.406	-3.602	-1.516

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1210485, P2 0/1210485

pressure_level/temperature — full-period value time series

pressure_level/temperature — spatial comparison

pressure_level/temperature — time series comparison

pressure_level/temperature — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/vertical_velocity`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa s-1`
long_name	Vertical velocity
short_name	w
standard_name	lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	-0.2503	-0.09947	0.2581	0.1157
P2	-0.08727	-0.008522	0.09111	0.02018

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-1.82	-0.0005095	1.148

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-1	-0.1883	0.3477
P2 Validation	-0.8086	-0.02157	0.1621

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1210485, P2 0/1210485

pressure_level/vertical_velocity — full-period value time series

pressure_level/vertical_velocity — spatial comparison

pressure_level/vertical_velocity — time series comparison

pressure_level/vertical_velocity — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/wind_u`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	U component of wind
short_name	u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	5.094	11.46	6.487	17.91
P2	-7.212	-2.03	4.542	6.879

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-38	6.648	60

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-3.344	6.259	15
P2 Validation	-13.75	-5.363	6.188

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1210485, P2 0/1210485

pressure_level/wind_u — full-period value time series

pressure_level/wind_u — spatial comparison

pressure_level/wind_u — time series comparison

pressure_level/wind_u — availability over append dim

`pressure_level/wind_v`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	V component of wind
short_name	v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant
sampled level	pressure_level=500

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	-9.117	-1.383	7.259	2.509
P2	-0.9316	-0.2009	3.141	1.47

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-35.5	-0.1537	40.5

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-14.25	-2.727	11.62
P2 Validation	-6.875	-0.8397	6.625

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1210485, P2 0/1210485

pressure_level/wind_v — full-period value time series

pressure_level/wind_v — spatial comparison

pressure_level/wind_v — time series comparison

pressure_level/wind_v — availability over append dim

`pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Pressure reduced to MSL
short_name	prmsl
standard_name	air_pressure_at_mean_sea_level
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	1.008e+05	1.011e+05	678.2	1.017e+05
P2	1.007e+05	1.008e+05	127.1	1.009e+05

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference at 2026-07-02T00:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	9.373e+04	1.007e+05	1.039e+05
Reference	9.408e+04	1.008e+05	1.054e+05

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	1.004e+05	1.012e+05	1.018e+05
P1 Reference	1.004e+05	1.014e+05	1.022e+05
P2 Validation	1.006e+05	1.008e+05	1.01e+05
P2 Reference	1.006e+05	1.009e+05	1.012e+05

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1210485, P2 0/1210485

pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level — full-period value time series

pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level — spatial comparison

pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level — time series comparison

pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level — availability over append dim

`pressure_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`Pa`
long_name	Surface pressure
short_name	sp
standard_name	surface_air_pressure
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	8.221e+04	8.263e+04	474	8.301e+04
P2	1.007e+05	1.008e+05	127.1	1.009e+05

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference at 2026-07-02T00:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	5.198e+04	9.635e+04	1.043e+05
Reference	5.062e+04	9.64e+04	1.037e+05

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	8.23e+04	8.298e+04	8.349e+04
P1 Reference	8.358e+04	8.434e+04	8.493e+04
P2 Validation	1.006e+05	1.008e+05	1.01e+05
P2 Reference	1.006e+05	1.009e+05	1.012e+05

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1210485, P2 0/1210485

pressure_surface — full-period value time series

pressure_surface — time series comparison

pressure_surface — availability over append dim

`runoff_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2 s-1`
long_name	Surface runoff rate
short_name	surfror
standard_name	surface_runoff_flux
step_type	avg
comment	Average surface runoff rate over the previous 24 hours. Units equivalent to mm/s. Land points only; sea points are missing.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	3.218e-07	1.784e-06	5.017e-06	3.902e-06
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	3.323e-06	0.0005836

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	1.457e-06	8.702e-06
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete

runoff_surface — full-period value time series

runoff_surface — availability over append dim

`runoff_water_equivalent_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2 s-1`
long_name	Runoff rate water equivalent (surface plus subsurface)
short_name	rorwe
standard_name	runoff_flux
step_type	avg
comment	Average runoff water equivalent rate (surface plus subsurface) over the previous 24 hours. Units equivalent to mm/s. Land points only; sea points are missing.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	3.611e-07	1.807e-06	5.019e-06	3.921e-06
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	7.596e-06	0.0006371

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	1.472e-06	8.702e-06
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete

runoff_water_equivalent_surface — full-period value time series

runoff_water_equivalent_surface — spatial comparison

runoff_water_equivalent_surface — time series comparison

runoff_water_equivalent_surface — availability over append dim

`sea_ice_area_fraction`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`1`
long_name	Sea ice area fraction
short_name	ci
standard_name	sea_ice_area_fraction
step_type	avg
comment	Mean sea ice area fraction over the previous 24 hours. Sea points only; land points are missing.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
P2	0	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	0.1637	0.9961

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a
P2 Validation	0	0	0

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete

$sea_ice_area_fraction — full-period value time series$ $sea_ice_area_fraction — spatial comparison$ $sea_ice_area_fraction — time series comparison$ $sea_ice_area_fraction — availability over append dim$

`sea_surface_temperature`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Sea surface temperature
short_name	sst
standard_name	sea_surface_temperature
step_type	avg
comment	Mean sea surface temperature over the previous 24 hours. Sea points only; land points are missing.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
P2	25.49	28.43	0.3477	30.56

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-1.727	14.21	34

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a
P2 Validation	28.88	29.45	29.88

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete

sea_surface_temperature — full-period value time series

sea_surface_temperature — spatial comparison

sea_surface_temperature — time series comparison

sea_surface_temperature — availability over append dim

`skin_temperature_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Skin temperature
short_name	skt
standard_name	surface_temperature
step_type	avg
comment	Mean skin temperature over the previous 24 hours.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	-4.298	13.46	4.298	24.62
P2	25.32	28.22	0.4173	30.27

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-73.5	8.543	48

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	18.12	24.44	30.12
P2 Validation	28.62	29.27	29.88

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1184730, P2 0/1184730

skin_temperature_surface — full-period value time series

skin_temperature_surface — spatial comparison

skin_temperature_surface — time series comparison

skin_temperature_surface — availability over append dim

`snow_albedo_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Snow albedo
short_name	asn
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Mean snow albedo over the previous 24 hours. Missing where the surface carries no snowpack, including snow-free land.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	65.64	74.02	4.835	82.5
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	50	67.52	82.5

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete

snow_albedo_surface — full-period value time series

snow_albedo_surface — spatial comparison

snow_albedo_surface — time series comparison

snow_albedo_surface — availability over append dim

`snow_density_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-3`
long_name	Snow density
short_name	rsn
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Mean snow density over the previous 24 hours. Missing where the surface carries no snowpack, including snow-free land.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	157	184.8	19.72	218
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	124.5	412.8	500

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete

snow_density_surface — full-period value time series

snow_density_surface — spatial comparison

snow_density_surface — time series comparison

snow_density_surface — availability over append dim

`snow_water_equivalent_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m`
long_name	Snow depth water equivalent
short_name	sd
standard_name	lwe_thickness_of_surface_snow_amount
step_type	avg
comment	Mean snow depth water equivalent over the previous 24 hours.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	0	0.001258	0.002465	0.008012
P2	0	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	1.141	10

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0	0

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1184730, P2 0/1184730

snow_water_equivalent_surface — full-period value time series

snow_water_equivalent_surface — spatial comparison

snow_water_equivalent_surface — time series comparison

snow_water_equivalent_surface — availability over append dim

`snowfall_water_equivalent_rate_surface`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2 s-1`
long_name	Total snowfall rate water equivalent
short_name	tsrwe
standard_name	snowfall_flux
step_type	avg
comment	Average snowfall water equivalent rate over the previous 24 hours. Units equivalent to mm/s.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	0	3.682e-06	1.331e-05	1.358e-05
P2	0	0	0	0

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0	5.22e-06	0.0002947

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	0	0	0
P2 Validation	0	0	0

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1184730, P2 0/1184730

snowfall_water_equivalent_rate_surface — full-period value time series

snowfall_water_equivalent_rate_surface — spatial comparison

snowfall_water_equivalent_rate_surface — time series comparison

snowfall_water_equivalent_rate_surface — availability over append dim

`soil_moisture_0_100cm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-3`
long_name	Soil moisture top 100 cm
short_name	sm100
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Mean soil moisture 0-100 cm over the previous 24 hours. Land points only; sea points are missing.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	140.1	184.6	13.48	235.4
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.0008011	233.1	708

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	155	164.6	178
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete

soil_moisture_0_100cm — full-period value time series

soil_moisture_0_100cm — spatial comparison

soil_moisture_0_100cm — time series comparison

soil_moisture_0_100cm — availability over append dim

`soil_moisture_0_20cm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-3`
long_name	Soil moisture top 20 cm
short_name	sm20
standard_name	n/a
step_type	avg
comment	Mean soil moisture 0-20 cm over the previous 24 hours. Land points only; sea points are missing.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	144.8	177.7	42.24	226.1
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.003998	230.5	696

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	133	146.6	223
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete

soil_moisture_0_20cm — full-period value time series

soil_moisture_0_20cm — spatial comparison

soil_moisture_0_20cm — time series comparison

soil_moisture_0_20cm — availability over append dim

`soil_temperature_0_100cm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Soil temperature top 100 cm
short_name	st100
standard_name	soil_temperature
step_type	avg
comment	Mean soil temperature 0-100 cm over the previous 24 hours. Land points only; sea points are missing.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	0.9323	12.91	1.663	21.65
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-56.5	-0.3819	45

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	17.62	21.27	23.5
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete

soil_temperature_0_100cm — full-period value time series

soil_temperature_0_100cm — spatial comparison

soil_temperature_0_100cm — time series comparison

soil_temperature_0_100cm — availability over append dim

`soil_temperature_0_20cm`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`degree_Celsius`
long_name	Soil temperature top 20 cm
short_name	st20
standard_name	soil_temperature
step_type	avg
comment	Mean soil temperature 0-20 cm over the previous 24 hours. Land points only; sea points are missing.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	-0.5318	13.96	2.81	24.13
P2	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-56.5	0.9025	46

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	19.12	23.98	27.38
P2 Validation	n/a	n/a	n/a

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete

soil_temperature_0_20cm — full-period value time series

soil_temperature_0_20cm — spatial comparison

soil_temperature_0_20cm — time series comparison

soil_temperature_0_20cm — availability over append dim

`total_cloud_cover_atmosphere`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`percent`
long_name	Total cloud cover
short_name	tcc
standard_name	cloud_area_fraction
step_type	avg
comment	Mean total cloud cover over the previous 24 hours.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	44.47	54.71	28.43	64.02
P2	38.24	59.96	22.22	82.14

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference at 2026-07-02T00:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.013	71.15	100
Reference	0	62.55	100

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	14.12	52.9	100
P1 Reference	0	30.31	100
P2 Validation	6.531	77.43	100
P2 Reference	0	48.96	100

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1184730, P2 0/1184730

total_cloud_cover_atmosphere — full-period value time series

total_cloud_cover_atmosphere — spatial comparison

total_cloud_cover_atmosphere — time series comparison

total_cloud_cover_atmosphere — availability over append dim

`total_column_water_atmosphere`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`kg m-2`
long_name	Total column water
short_name	tcw
standard_name	atmosphere_mass_content_of_water
step_type	avg
comment	Mean total column water over the previous 24 hours.

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	5.042	14.18	4.259	25.48
P2	32.87	47.55	6.824	56.82

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference not available)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	0.09424	21.9	77

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	9.875	24.01	36.25
P2 Validation	32.5	51.73	64.5

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1184730, P2 0/1184730

total_column_water_atmosphere — full-period value time series

total_column_water_atmosphere — spatial comparison

total_column_water_atmosphere — time series comparison

total_column_water_atmosphere — availability over append dim

`wind_u_10m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	10 metre U wind component
short_name	10u
standard_name	eastward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	-1.138	-0.1741	2.444	1.217
P2	-7.781	-4.63	1.974	-1.969

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference at 2026-07-02T00:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-23.5	0.4801	25.75
Reference	-25.25	0.5106	23

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-3.656	0.02042	4.188
P1 Reference	-8.875	-0.7283	8.375
P2 Validation	-8.75	-4.401	1.062
P2 Reference	-8.75	-4.704	-0.418

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1210485, P2 0/1210485

wind_u_10m — full-period value time series

wind_u_10m — availability over append dim

`wind_v_10m`

Metadata

Field	Value
units	`m s-1`
long_name	10 metre V wind component
short_name	10v
standard_name	northward_wind
step_type	instant

Point time series — 2026-01-01T00:00 - 2026-09-12T00:00

Point	min	mean	std	max
P1	-0.6882	0.2609	2.013	1.141
P2	-0.9155	1.203	1.681	2.762

Spatial — init=2026-07-01T00:00, lead=24h (reference at 2026-07-02T00:00)

Source	min	mean	max
Validation	-23.75	0.7122	19.5
Reference	-21	0.648	23.5

Temporal — init=2026-07-01T00:00

Source	min	mean	max
P1 Validation	-3.656	0.6127	3.781
P1 Reference	-5.938	-0.2121	5.5
P2 Validation	-2.312	2.182	6.062
P2 Reference	-1.391	2.848	8.375

Availability — 255 of 255 positions complete; nulls P1 0/1210485, P2 0/1210485

wind_v_10m — full-period value time series

wind_v_10m — availability over append dim